Component

Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid

Chlorogenic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid under the quinic-acid numbering convention used in the linked analytical study; CAS 327-97-9. Historical 3-CQA naming must be resolved by structure/convention. Plural chlorogenic acids, coffee extracts and metabolites are not this single molecule. No essential dietary requirement or deficiency syndrome is established.

50 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

ACC phosphorylation increased alongside the AMPK response.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzymes, assay isoform unresolved source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
A downstream biochemical readout supports pathway engagement.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 425–436
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-acc-phosphorylation ACC phosphorylation increased alongside the AMPK response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A downstream biochemical readout supports pathway engagement. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
Mean systolic/diastolic changes versus control were -2.41/-1.53 mmHg (P=0.05/0.04).
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Arterial blood pressure source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22900702.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1"}
experimental_model
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults
exposure
400 mg chlorogenic acid; study product naming retained
limitations
A small acute surrogate-endpoint study, not cardiovascular event prevention. Later literature describes the product with a 3-CQA label; historical numbering must be checked before treating it as modern neochlorogenic acid.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
The study found a small short-term blood-pressure difference.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22900702] Acute effects of chlorogenic acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900702/ DOI: 10.1021/jf303440j
tissue_or_cell_type
Blood pressure, endothelial function and NO-related markers
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 919–930
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-acute-bp Mean systolic/diastolic changes versus control were -2.41/-1.53 mmHg (P=0.05/0.04). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The study found a small short-term blood-pressure difference. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Blood pressure, endothelial function and NO-related markers experimental_model: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults limitations: A small acute surrogate-endpoint study, not cardiovascular event prevention. Later literature describes the product with a 3-CQA label; historical numbering must be checked before treating it as modern neochlorogenic acid. exposure: 400 mg chlorogenic acid; study product naming retained evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22900702.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22900702] Acute effects of chlorogenic acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900702/ DOI: 10.1021/jf303440j
Complete structured claim and evidence
Akt activation was observed during the L6 response.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat Akt protein family, isoform unresolved source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
A second signaling branch responded.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 464–475
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-akt-response Akt activation was observed during the L6 response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A second signaling branch responded. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA increased AMPK phosphorylation and measured AMPK activity in L6 myotubes.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat AMP-activated protein kinase complexes source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
A cellular energy-sensing pathway responded in cultured rat muscle.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 412–423
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ampk-activation CGA increased AMPK phosphorylation and measured AMPK activity in L6 myotubes. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A cellular energy-sensing pathway responded in cultured rat muscle. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
Angiopoietin-2 secretion increased.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human angiopoietin-2 / ANGPT2 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"}
experimental_model
Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays
exposure
5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours
limitations
An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human EA.hy926 cell line
plain_language
A secreted vascular signaling protein is recorded as its own node.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured endothelial-like cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 672–683
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-angpt2 Angiopoietin-2 secretion increased. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A secreted vascular signaling protein is recorded as its own node. organism: Human EA.hy926 cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured endothelial-like cells experimental_model: Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays limitations: An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable. exposure: 5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"} [chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
Complete structured claim and evidence
Transendothelial electrical resistance increased after treatment.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → EA.hy926 transendothelial electrical resistance source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"}
experimental_model
Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays
exposure
5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours
limitations
An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human EA.hy926 cell line
plain_language
The cell-layer barrier readout improved in this assay.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured endothelial-like cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 659–670
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-barrier Transendothelial electrical resistance increased after treatment. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The cell-layer barrier readout improved in this assay. organism: Human EA.hy926 cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured endothelial-like cells experimental_model: Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays limitations: An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable. exposure: 5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"} [chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
Complete structured claim and evidence
Chlorogenic acid contains a caffeic-acid moiety esterified to quinic acid.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Caffeic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11208940.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1299, "text_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers
exposure
2.8 mmol chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid on separate days; 24-hour collections
limitations
Disappearance from ileal effluent is not intact-parent systemic bioavailability. Participants lacked normal colonic processing; no therapeutic outcome was tested.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
The intact molecule differs from free caffeic acid.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p11208940] Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11208940/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.1.66
tissue_or_cell_type
Small intestine; ileal effluent and urine
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 113–124
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-caffeic-ester Chlorogenic acid contains a caffeic-acid moiety esterified to quinic acid. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The intact molecule differs from free caffeic acid. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Small intestine; ileal effluent and urine experimental_model: Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers limitations: Disappearance from ileal effluent is not intact-parent systemic bioavailability. Participants lacked normal colonic processing; no therapeutic outcome was tested. exposure: 2.8 mmol chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid on separate days; 24-hour collections evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11208940.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1299, "text_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8"} [chlorogenic_acid-p11208940] Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11208940/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.1.66
Complete structured claim and evidence
The assay also resolved 4-CQA separately from 5-CQA.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Cryptochlorogenic acid / 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/30326634.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2069, "text_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517"}
experimental_model
LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry
exposure
Three caffeoylquinic-acid standards; eight coffee species and two harvest periods
limitations
Chemical identity and food composition, not a human intervention. The numbering convention is explicit because historical 3/5 naming can be reversed.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Coffea species
plain_language
The location of the ester matters for identifying the tested molecule.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p30326634] Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30326634/ DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100143
tissue_or_cell_type
Aqueous coffee-leaf extracts
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 178–189
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-crypto-distinct The assay also resolved 4-CQA separately from 5-CQA. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The location of the ester matters for identifying the tested molecule. organism: Coffea species tissue_or_cell_type: Aqueous coffee-leaf extracts experimental_model: LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry limitations: Chemical identity and food composition, not a human intervention. The numbering convention is explicit because historical 3/5 naming can be reversed. exposure: Three caffeoylquinic-acid standards; eight coffee species and two harvest periods evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/30326634.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2069, "text_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517"} [chlorogenic_acid-p30326634] Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30326634/ DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100143
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA inhibited human DNMT1-mediated methylation with an assay IC50 of 0.9 micromolar.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human DNA methyltransferase 1 / DNMT1 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/16081510.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2008, "text_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170"}
experimental_model
Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments
exposure
CGA DNMT1 IC50 0.9 micromolar in the coupled assay; compounds tested up to 20 micromolar
limitations
These concentrations and coupled-reaction conditions do not establish whole-body methyl-donor depletion, anticancer benefit or vitamin deficiency after food intake. COMT-mediated SAH generation is distinct from direct competitive binding to DNMT1.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human DNMT1 and MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells; COMT preparation species unresolved in abstract
plain_language
The concentration belongs to this coupled biochemical assay.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p16081510] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081510/ DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi206
tissue_or_cell_type
Cell-free methyltransferase reactions and cultured cancer cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 815–826
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-dnmt-assay CGA inhibited human DNMT1-mediated methylation with an assay IC50 of 0.9 micromolar. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The concentration belongs to this coupled biochemical assay. organism: Human DNMT1 and MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells; COMT preparation species unresolved in abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Cell-free methyltransferase reactions and cultured cancer cells experimental_model: Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments limitations: These concentrations and coupled-reaction conditions do not establish whole-body methyl-donor depletion, anticancer benefit or vitamin deficiency after food intake. COMT-mediated SAH generation is distinct from direct competitive binding to DNMT1. exposure: CGA DNMT1 IC50 0.9 micromolar in the coupled assay; compounds tested up to 20 micromolar evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/16081510.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2008, "text_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170"} [chlorogenic_acid-p16081510] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081510/ DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi206
Complete structured claim and evidence
The reported endothelial-function outcome was not significantly affected (P=0.60).
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human endothelial-function assay, method not resolved from indexed abstract source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22900702.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1"}
experimental_model
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults
exposure
400 mg chlorogenic acid; study product naming retained
limitations
A small acute surrogate-endpoint study, not cardiovascular event prevention. Later literature describes the product with a 3-CQA label; historical numbering must be checked before treating it as modern neochlorogenic acid.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
A vascular biomarker can remain unchanged even when blood pressure differs.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22900702] Acute effects of chlorogenic acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900702/ DOI: 10.1021/jf303440j
tissue_or_cell_type
Blood pressure, endothelial function and NO-related markers
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 945–956
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-endothelial-null The reported endothelial-function outcome was not significantly affected (P=0.60). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A vascular biomarker can remain unchanged even when blood pressure differs. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Blood pressure, endothelial function and NO-related markers experimental_model: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults limitations: A small acute surrogate-endpoint study, not cardiovascular event prevention. Later literature describes the product with a 3-CQA label; historical numbering must be checked before treating it as modern neochlorogenic acid. exposure: 400 mg chlorogenic acid; study product naming retained evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22900702.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22900702] Acute effects of chlorogenic acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900702/ DOI: 10.1021/jf303440j
Complete structured claim and evidence
Capillary-like tube formation increased in the endothelial assay.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → EA.hy926 capillary-like tube formation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"}
experimental_model
Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays
exposure
5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours
limitations
An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human EA.hy926 cell line
plain_language
A culture readout does not demonstrate healthier vessels in a person.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured endothelial-like cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 685–696
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-endothelial-tubes Capillary-like tube formation increased in the endothelial assay. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A culture readout does not demonstrate healthier vessels in a person. organism: Human EA.hy926 cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured endothelial-like cells experimental_model: Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays limitations: An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable. exposure: 5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"} [chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
Complete structured claim and evidence
At 20 hours, fasting total homocysteine was 4% higher, a 0.4 micromol/L difference (95% CI 0.0-0.8).
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Homocysteine source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11237928.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1765, "text_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order four-period crossover in 20 adults
exposure
2 g/day CGA for 7 days versus placebo; black tea and rutin comparator periods
limitations
High supplemental exposure. Homocysteine is a biomarker; this study did not establish cardiovascular harm, depletion of folate/B12/B6, or failure of the methylation cycle.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
Timing changed the size and precision of the measured effect.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p11237928] Consumption of high doses of chlorogenic acid, present in coffee, or of black tea increases plasma total homocysteine concentrations in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11237928/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/73.3.532
tissue_or_cell_type
Plasma total homocysteine
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 880–891
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order four-period crossover in 20 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-fasting-hcy At 20 hours, fasting total homocysteine was 4% higher, a 0.4 micromol/L difference (95% CI 0.0-0.8). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Timing changed the size and precision of the measured effect. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma total homocysteine experimental_model: Randomized-order four-period crossover in 20 adults limitations: High supplemental exposure. Homocysteine is a biomarker; this study did not establish cardiovascular harm, depletion of folate/B12/B6, or failure of the methylation cycle. exposure: 2 g/day CGA for 7 days versus placebo; black tea and rutin comparator periods evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11237928.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1765, "text_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2"} [chlorogenic_acid-p11237928] Consumption of high doses of chlorogenic acid, present in coffee, or of black tea increases plasma total homocysteine concentrations in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11237928/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/73.3.532
Complete structured claim and evidence
Spectroscopy, ESR and NMR supported formation of a CGA-iron complex.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Chlorogenic-acid ferric complex, assay-defined source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9501514.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 797, "text_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7"}
experimental_model
Spectroscopy, ESR, NMR and iron-driven lipid-oxidation experiments
exposure
CGA concentration series; iron-EDTA and iron-ADP comparisons
limitations
Chemical prevention of radical formation is distinct from radical scavenging. These assays do not measure human mineral stores, oral chelation therapy or clinical disease prevention.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Cell-free chemistry and bovine liver microsomes
plain_language
Binding a metal changes which reactions it can catalyze.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p9501514] Iron chelation by chlorogenic acid as a natural antioxidant. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9501514/ DOI: 10.1271/bbb.62.22
tissue_or_cell_type
Ferric complexes, Fenton-type chemistry and microsomal lipids
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 698–709
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Spectroscopy, ESR, NMR and iron-driven lipid-oxidation experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ferric-complex Spectroscopy, ESR and NMR supported formation of a CGA-iron complex. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Binding a metal changes which reactions it can catalyze. organism: Cell-free chemistry and bovine liver microsomes tissue_or_cell_type: Ferric complexes, Fenton-type chemistry and microsomal lipids experimental_model: Spectroscopy, ESR, NMR and iron-driven lipid-oxidation experiments limitations: Chemical prevention of radical formation is distinct from radical scavenging. These assays do not measure human mineral stores, oral chelation therapy or clinical disease prevention. exposure: CGA concentration series; iron-EDTA and iron-ADP comparisons evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9501514.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 797, "text_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7"} [chlorogenic_acid-p9501514] Iron chelation by chlorogenic acid as a natural antioxidant. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9501514/ DOI: 10.1271/bbb.62.22
Complete structured claim and evidence
Isolated CGA did not significantly alter the overall GIP response.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Plasma GIP response in the specified meal or glucose challenge source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/21299855.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1086, "text_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3"}
experimental_model
Randomized crossover glucose-challenge study in 15 overweight men
exposure
1 g CGA, 12 g decaffeinated coffee, 500 mg trigonelline or placebo
limitations
Acute small male-only study; coffee and isolated ingredients are separate exposures. No overall incretin effect is not proof of zero effect at every dose or duration.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
GLP-1 and GIP remain distinct measured outcomes.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p21299855] Acute effects of decaffeinated coffee and the major coffee components chlorogenic acid and trigonelline on incretin hormones. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299855/ DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-10
tissue_or_cell_type
Plasma incretin responses during OGTT
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 906–917
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover glucose-challenge study in 15 overweight men · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-gip-null Isolated CGA did not significantly alter the overall GIP response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: GLP-1 and GIP remain distinct measured outcomes. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma incretin responses during OGTT experimental_model: Randomized crossover glucose-challenge study in 15 overweight men limitations: Acute small male-only study; coffee and isolated ingredients are separate exposures. No overall incretin effect is not proof of zero effect at every dose or duration. exposure: 1 g CGA, 12 g decaffeinated coffee, 500 mg trigonelline or placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/21299855.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1086, "text_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3"} [chlorogenic_acid-p21299855] Acute effects of decaffeinated coffee and the major coffee components chlorogenic acid and trigonelline on incretin hormones. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299855/ DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-10
Complete structured claim and evidence
Isolated CGA did not significantly alter the overall GLP-1 response.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Plasma GLP-1 response in the specified meal or glucose challenge source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/21299855.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1086, "text_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3"}
experimental_model
Randomized crossover glucose-challenge study in 15 overweight men
exposure
1 g CGA, 12 g decaffeinated coffee, 500 mg trigonelline or placebo
limitations
Acute small male-only study; coffee and isolated ingredients are separate exposures. No overall incretin effect is not proof of zero effect at every dose or duration.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
An incretin-stimulation claim needs to acknowledge this human null result.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p21299855] Acute effects of decaffeinated coffee and the major coffee components chlorogenic acid and trigonelline on incretin hormones. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299855/ DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-10
tissue_or_cell_type
Plasma incretin responses during OGTT
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 893–904
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover glucose-challenge study in 15 overweight men · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-glp1-null Isolated CGA did not significantly alter the overall GLP-1 response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: An incretin-stimulation claim needs to acknowledge this human null result. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma incretin responses during OGTT experimental_model: Randomized crossover glucose-challenge study in 15 overweight men limitations: Acute small male-only study; coffee and isolated ingredients are separate exposures. No overall incretin effect is not proof of zero effect at every dose or duration. exposure: 1 g CGA, 12 g decaffeinated coffee, 500 mg trigonelline or placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/21299855.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1086, "text_sha256": "9a6f69bf52ab0f7823e1cc585e4565765348c7a3e9bab03a88a0e7cb020306c3"} [chlorogenic_acid-p21299855] Acute effects of decaffeinated coffee and the major coffee components chlorogenic acid and trigonelline on incretin hormones. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299855/ DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-10
Complete structured claim and evidence
L6 2-deoxyglucose uptake increased with CGA concentration and exposure time.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat myotube glucose uptake source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
This measures cell glucose handling, not diabetes remission.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 451–462
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-glucose-uptake L6 2-deoxyglucose uptake increased with CGA concentration and exposure time. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: This measures cell glucose handling, not diabetes remission. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA increased GLUT4 delivery to the L6 plasma membrane.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat GLUT4 translocation to the cell surface source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
More transporter at the surface can change glucose entry.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 438–449
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-glut4-translocation CGA increased GLUT4 delivery to the L6 plasma membrane. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: More transporter at the surface can change glucose entry. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
At 4-5 hours after dosing, plasma total homocysteine was 12% higher than placebo, a 1.2 micromol/L difference (95% CI 0.6-1.7).
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Homocysteine source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11237928.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1765, "text_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order four-period crossover in 20 adults
exposure
2 g/day CGA for 7 days versus placebo; black tea and rutin comparator periods
limitations
High supplemental exposure. Homocysteine is a biomarker; this study did not establish cardiovascular harm, depletion of folate/B12/B6, or failure of the methylation cycle.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
The methylation connection has a human biomarker result at a high dose.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p11237928] Consumption of high doses of chlorogenic acid, present in coffee, or of black tea increases plasma total homocysteine concentrations in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11237928/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/73.3.532
tissue_or_cell_type
Plasma total homocysteine
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 867–878
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order four-period crossover in 20 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-human-hcy At 4-5 hours after dosing, plasma total homocysteine was 12% higher than placebo, a 1.2 micromol/L difference (95% CI 0.6-1.7). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The methylation connection has a human biomarker result at a high dose. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma total homocysteine experimental_model: Randomized-order four-period crossover in 20 adults limitations: High supplemental exposure. Homocysteine is a biomarker; this study did not establish cardiovascular harm, depletion of folate/B12/B6, or failure of the methylation cycle. exposure: 2 g/day CGA for 7 days versus placebo; black tea and rutin comparator periods evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11237928.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1765, "text_sha256": "b141ca7b40578ff2c375240255347999acc1d82cf721d117c96ff1a057d667e2"} [chlorogenic_acid-p11237928] Consumption of high doses of chlorogenic acid, present in coffee, or of black tea increases plasma total homocysteine concentrations in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11237928/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/73.3.532
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA inhibited meal iron absorption, less strongly than the galloyl compounds tested.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Nonheme iron absorption source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/2598894.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "dd211fea03837718abf36655d15cbb771700aeeb8d4f2086b90537561ee0b103", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2146, "text_sha256": "dd211fea03837718abf36655d15cbb771700aeeb8d4f2086b90537561ee0b103"}
experimental_model
Human extrinsic-tag meal iron-absorption experiments
exposure
Meals with chemically distinct phenolic compounds; CGA dose not specified in indexed abstract
limitations
The measured outcome is meal absorption, not systemic chelation or loss of cellular minerals. Effects of galloyl compounds, catechin and CGA were not interchangeable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
This interaction can reduce iron entering from a meal; it does not show iron being stripped from tissues.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p2598894] Iron absorption and phenolic compounds: importance of different phenolic structures. (1989). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2598894/
tissue_or_cell_type
Gastrointestinal nonheme-iron absorption
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 763–774
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human extrinsic-tag meal iron-absorption experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-iron-absorption CGA inhibited meal iron absorption, less strongly than the galloyl compounds tested. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: This interaction can reduce iron entering from a meal; it does not show iron being stripped from tissues. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Gastrointestinal nonheme-iron absorption experimental_model: Human extrinsic-tag meal iron-absorption experiments limitations: The measured outcome is meal absorption, not systemic chelation or loss of cellular minerals. Effects of galloyl compounds, catechin and CGA were not interchangeable. exposure: Meals with chemically distinct phenolic compounds; CGA dose not specified in indexed abstract evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/2598894.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "dd211fea03837718abf36655d15cbb771700aeeb8d4f2086b90537561ee0b103", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2146, "text_sha256": "dd211fea03837718abf36655d15cbb771700aeeb8d4f2086b90537561ee0b103"} [chlorogenic_acid-p2598894] Iron absorption and phenolic compounds: importance of different phenolic structures. (1989). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2598894/
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA did not enhance IRS1-p85 association in the reported assay.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat IRS1-p85 association in L6 myotubes source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
The measured response was not simply activation of every insulin-signaling step.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 477–488
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-irs1-null CGA did not enhance IRS1-p85 association in the reported assay. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The measured response was not simply activation of every insulin-signaling step. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 skeletal-muscle myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA at 0.5 micromolar inhibited copper-induced LDL oxidation during initiation.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Copper-driven LDL oxidation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9089288.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1419, "text_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff"}
experimental_model
Isolated human LDL oxidation with copper challenge
exposure
CGA 0.5 micromolar at initiation; 0.1 micromolar or more during propagation
limitations
Reaction phase and concentration determine direction. This does not show that dietary CGA plus copper produces vascular harm. More detailed caffeic-acid timing and concentration findings must not be transferred to CGA.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human LDL outside the body
plain_language
The early reaction stage showed antioxidant behavior.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p9089288] Prooxidant activity of caffeic acid, dietary non-flavonoid phenolic acid, on Cu2+-induced low density lipoprotein oxidation. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9089288/ DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00185-3
tissue_or_cell_type
LDL oxidation initiation versus propagation
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 737–748
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Isolated human LDL oxidation with copper challenge · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ldl-initiation CGA at 0.5 micromolar inhibited copper-induced LDL oxidation during initiation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The early reaction stage showed antioxidant behavior. organism: Human LDL outside the body tissue_or_cell_type: LDL oxidation initiation versus propagation experimental_model: Isolated human LDL oxidation with copper challenge limitations: Reaction phase and concentration determine direction. This does not show that dietary CGA plus copper produces vascular harm. More detailed caffeic-acid timing and concentration findings must not be transferred to CGA. exposure: CGA 0.5 micromolar at initiation; 0.1 micromolar or more during propagation evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9089288.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1419, "text_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p9089288] Prooxidant activity of caffeic acid, dietary non-flavonoid phenolic acid, on Cu2+-induced low density lipoprotein oxidation. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9089288/ DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00185-3
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA at 0.1 micromolar or more enhanced LDL oxidation during propagation.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Copper-driven LDL oxidation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9089288.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1419, "text_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff"}
experimental_model
Isolated human LDL oxidation with copper challenge
exposure
CGA 0.5 micromolar at initiation; 0.1 micromolar or more during propagation
limitations
Reaction phase and concentration determine direction. This does not show that dietary CGA plus copper produces vascular harm. More detailed caffeic-acid timing and concentration findings must not be transferred to CGA.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human LDL outside the body
plain_language
Once oxidation was underway, the direction differed.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p9089288] Prooxidant activity of caffeic acid, dietary non-flavonoid phenolic acid, on Cu2+-induced low density lipoprotein oxidation. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9089288/ DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00185-3
tissue_or_cell_type
LDL oxidation initiation versus propagation
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 750–761
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Isolated human LDL oxidation with copper challenge · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ldl-propagation CGA at 0.1 micromolar or more enhanced LDL oxidation during propagation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Once oxidation was underway, the direction differed. organism: Human LDL outside the body tissue_or_cell_type: LDL oxidation initiation versus propagation experimental_model: Isolated human LDL oxidation with copper challenge limitations: Reaction phase and concentration determine direction. This does not show that dietary CGA plus copper produces vascular harm. More detailed caffeic-acid timing and concentration findings must not be transferred to CGA. exposure: CGA 0.5 micromolar at initiation; 0.1 micromolar or more during propagation evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9089288.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1419, "text_sha256": "459e8c9d21cadd0d8e0cd76d596dd8b6deb9c373fb7d4ee9efb8e8f507ed03ff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p9089288] Prooxidant activity of caffeic acid, dietary non-flavonoid phenolic acid, on Cu2+-induced low density lipoprotein oxidation. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9089288/ DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00185-3
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA did not outperform placebo for the measured hepatic-fat endpoint.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Liver fat content measured by imaging source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/33838673.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2205, "text_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319"}
experimental_model
Six-month double-blind randomized four-arm trial
exposure
Daily 200 mg CGA, 200 mg caffeine, both, or starch placebo
limitations
Chronic human liver disease differs from surgical mouse regeneration. The trial does not isolate all possible formulations, but its null hepatic result must remain visible.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human participants with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD
plain_language
The mechanistic promise did not translate into this clinical liver outcome.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p33838673] Effects of supplementation with main coffee components including caffeine and/or chlorogenic acid on hepatic, metabolic, and inflammatory indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33838673/ DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00694-5
tissue_or_cell_type
FibroScan, hepatic blood tests, metabolic and inflammatory markers
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1036–1047
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Six-month double-blind randomized four-arm trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-liver-fat-null CGA did not outperform placebo for the measured hepatic-fat endpoint. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The mechanistic promise did not translate into this clinical liver outcome. organism: Human participants with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD tissue_or_cell_type: FibroScan, hepatic blood tests, metabolic and inflammatory markers experimental_model: Six-month double-blind randomized four-arm trial limitations: Chronic human liver disease differs from surgical mouse regeneration. The trial does not isolate all possible formulations, but its null hepatic result must remain visible. exposure: Daily 200 mg CGA, 200 mg caffeine, both, or starch placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/33838673.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2205, "text_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319"} [chlorogenic_acid-p33838673] Effects of supplementation with main coffee components including caffeine and/or chlorogenic acid on hepatic, metabolic, and inflammatory indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33838673/ DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00694-5
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA did not outperform placebo for liver stiffness.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Liver stiffness measured by elastography source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/33838673.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2205, "text_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319"}
experimental_model
Six-month double-blind randomized four-arm trial
exposure
Daily 200 mg CGA, 200 mg caffeine, both, or starch placebo
limitations
Chronic human liver disease differs from surgical mouse regeneration. The trial does not isolate all possible formulations, but its null hepatic result must remain visible.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human participants with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD
plain_language
A separate fibrosis-related measurement was also null.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p33838673] Effects of supplementation with main coffee components including caffeine and/or chlorogenic acid on hepatic, metabolic, and inflammatory indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33838673/ DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00694-5
tissue_or_cell_type
FibroScan, hepatic blood tests, metabolic and inflammatory markers
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1049–1060
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Six-month double-blind randomized four-arm trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-liver-stiffness-null CGA did not outperform placebo for liver stiffness. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A separate fibrosis-related measurement was also null. organism: Human participants with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD tissue_or_cell_type: FibroScan, hepatic blood tests, metabolic and inflammatory markers experimental_model: Six-month double-blind randomized four-arm trial limitations: Chronic human liver disease differs from surgical mouse regeneration. The trial does not isolate all possible formulations, but its null hepatic result must remain visible. exposure: Daily 200 mg CGA, 200 mg caffeine, both, or starch placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/33838673.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2205, "text_sha256": "749cbe05e73aeb9c4a69c8c00e8a3839241f343b5c0eb9662b64f4127506f319"} [chlorogenic_acid-p33838673] Effects of supplementation with main coffee components including caffeine and/or chlorogenic acid on hepatic, metabolic, and inflammatory indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33838673/ DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00694-5
Complete structured claim and evidence
Lamin A/C upregulation was confirmed by immunoblotting.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human lamin A/C / LMNA source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"}
experimental_model
Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays
exposure
5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours
limitations
An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human EA.hy926 cell line
plain_language
A nuclear structural protein also changed.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured endothelial-like cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 633–644
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-lmna Lamin A/C upregulation was confirmed by immunoblotting. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A nuclear structural protein also changed. organism: Human EA.hy926 cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured endothelial-like cells experimental_model: Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays limitations: An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable. exposure: 5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"} [chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
Complete structured claim and evidence
At one hour, continuous mean FMD increased by 0.47 and 0.65 percentage points with 450 and 900 mg, respectively.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Continuous mean post-ischaemic flow-mediated dilation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27109860.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1585, "text_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults
exposure
0, 450 or 900 mg purified 5-CGA; 200 mg epicatechin comparator; one-week spacing
limitations
Peak and continuous-mean FMD are different endpoints. Secondary positive findings must not replace the null peak response; no long-term vascular outcome was tested.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
A different summary of the same vascular response showed a signal.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p27109860] Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27109860/ DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00248j
tissue_or_cell_type
Brachial flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 971–982
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-mean-fmd At one hour, continuous mean FMD increased by 0.47 and 0.65 percentage points with 450 and 900 mg, respectively. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A different summary of the same vascular response showed a signal. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Brachial flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure experimental_model: Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults limitations: Peak and continuous-mean FMD are different endpoints. Secondary positive findings must not replace the null peak response; no long-term vascular outcome was tested. exposure: 0, 450 or 900 mg purified 5-CGA; 200 mg epicatechin comparator; one-week spacing evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27109860.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1585, "text_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8"} [chlorogenic_acid-p27109860] Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27109860/ DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00248j
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA reduced iron-induced bovine microsomal lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Lipid peroxidation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9501514.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 797, "text_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7"}
experimental_model
Spectroscopy, ESR, NMR and iron-driven lipid-oxidation experiments
exposure
CGA concentration series; iron-EDTA and iron-ADP comparisons
limitations
Chemical prevention of radical formation is distinct from radical scavenging. These assays do not measure human mineral stores, oral chelation therapy or clinical disease prevention.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Cell-free chemistry and bovine liver microsomes
plain_language
Protection in a tissue preparation is retained with its experimental scope.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p9501514] Iron chelation by chlorogenic acid as a natural antioxidant. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9501514/ DOI: 10.1271/bbb.62.22
tissue_or_cell_type
Ferric complexes, Fenton-type chemistry and microsomal lipids
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 724–735
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Spectroscopy, ESR, NMR and iron-driven lipid-oxidation experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-microsomal-oxidation CGA reduced iron-induced bovine microsomal lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Protection in a tissue preparation is retained with its experimental scope. organism: Cell-free chemistry and bovine liver microsomes tissue_or_cell_type: Ferric complexes, Fenton-type chemistry and microsomal lipids experimental_model: Spectroscopy, ESR, NMR and iron-driven lipid-oxidation experiments limitations: Chemical prevention of radical formation is distinct from radical scavenging. These assays do not measure human mineral stores, oral chelation therapy or clinical disease prevention. exposure: CGA concentration series; iron-EDTA and iron-ADP comparisons evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9501514.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 797, "text_sha256": "eb573ad7da5b27974eff1c3a31d52becf53a72ffe3216703743aab82eacef1b7"} [chlorogenic_acid-p9501514] Iron chelation by chlorogenic acid as a natural antioxidant. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9501514/ DOI: 10.1271/bbb.62.22
Complete structured claim and evidence
Injected CGA acutely lowered fasting glucose in db/db mice.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Mouse fasting blood glucose source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
250 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Mus musculus
plain_language
The animal experiment used a different exposure route from food.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
db/db mouse systemic glucose
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 503–514
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-mouse-glucose Injected CGA acutely lowered fasting glucose in db/db mice. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The animal experiment used a different exposure route from food. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: db/db mouse systemic glucose experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: 250 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
Complete structured claim and evidence
The mouse regeneration study linked CGA-Keap1 interaction to Nrf2 activation.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Mouse Nrf2 / Nfe2l2 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/41862684.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1292, "text_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644"}
experimental_model
Mouse hepatectomy, genetic tests and Keap1-binding investigation
exposure
CGA treatment; doses not provided in indexed abstract
limitations
Surgical mouse regeneration is not chronic human fatty-liver treatment. Arg415 binding was reported but the abstract does not identify the species of every recombinant construct; no human KEAP1 residue-specific edge is inferred.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Mus musculus; binding preparation species not resolved from abstract
plain_language
Releasing a transcriptional response was associated with regeneration.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p41862684] Chlorogenic acid promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy through activating Nrf2 via directly targeting Keap1. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41862684/ DOI: 10.1038/s41401-026-01770-4
tissue_or_cell_type
Regenerating liver after 70% or 90% partial hepatectomy
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 542–553
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Mouse hepatectomy, genetic tests and Keap1-binding investigation · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-mouse-nrf2 The mouse regeneration study linked CGA-Keap1 interaction to Nrf2 activation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Releasing a transcriptional response was associated with regeneration. organism: Mus musculus; binding preparation species not resolved from abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Regenerating liver after 70% or 90% partial hepatectomy experimental_model: Mouse hepatectomy, genetic tests and Keap1-binding investigation limitations: Surgical mouse regeneration is not chronic human fatty-liver treatment. Arg415 binding was reported but the abstract does not identify the species of every recombinant construct; no human KEAP1 residue-specific edge is inferred. exposure: CGA treatment; doses not provided in indexed abstract evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/41862684.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1292, "text_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644"} [chlorogenic_acid-p41862684] Chlorogenic acid promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy through activating Nrf2 via directly targeting Keap1. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41862684/ DOI: 10.1038/s41401-026-01770-4
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA promoted regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Mouse liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/41862684.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1292, "text_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644"}
experimental_model
Mouse hepatectomy, genetic tests and Keap1-binding investigation
exposure
CGA treatment; doses not provided in indexed abstract
limitations
Surgical mouse regeneration is not chronic human fatty-liver treatment. Arg415 binding was reported but the abstract does not identify the species of every recombinant construct; no human KEAP1 residue-specific edge is inferred.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Mus musculus; binding preparation species not resolved from abstract
plain_language
This outcome belongs to the surgical animal model.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p41862684] Chlorogenic acid promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy through activating Nrf2 via directly targeting Keap1. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41862684/ DOI: 10.1038/s41401-026-01770-4
tissue_or_cell_type
Regenerating liver after 70% or 90% partial hepatectomy
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 607–618
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Mouse hepatectomy, genetic tests and Keap1-binding investigation · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-mouse-regeneration CGA promoted regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: This outcome belongs to the surgical animal model. organism: Mus musculus; binding preparation species not resolved from abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Regenerating liver after 70% or 90% partial hepatectomy experimental_model: Mouse hepatectomy, genetic tests and Keap1-binding investigation limitations: Surgical mouse regeneration is not chronic human fatty-liver treatment. Arg415 binding was reported but the abstract does not identify the species of every recombinant construct; no human KEAP1 residue-specific edge is inferred. exposure: CGA treatment; doses not provided in indexed abstract evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/41862684.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1292, "text_sha256": "7246caa586cbd35b79fa9518b522dc7c1d330aad71c98611ae7cc763f7952644"} [chlorogenic_acid-p41862684] Chlorogenic acid promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy through activating Nrf2 via directly targeting Keap1. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41862684/ DOI: 10.1038/s41401-026-01770-4
Complete structured claim and evidence
The analytical method separately quantified 5-CQA and 3-CQA.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Neochlorogenic acid / 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/30326634.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2069, "text_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517"}
experimental_model
LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry
exposure
Three caffeoylquinic-acid standards; eight coffee species and two harvest periods
limitations
Chemical identity and food composition, not a human intervention. The numbering convention is explicit because historical 3/5 naming can be reversed.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Coffea species
plain_language
These positional isomers retain different database identities.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p30326634] Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30326634/ DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100143
tissue_or_cell_type
Aqueous coffee-leaf extracts
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 165–176
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-neo-distinct The analytical method separately quantified 5-CQA and 3-CQA. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: These positional isomers retain different database identities. organism: Coffea species tissue_or_cell_type: Aqueous coffee-leaf extracts experimental_model: LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry limitations: Chemical identity and food composition, not a human intervention. The numbering convention is explicit because historical 3/5 naming can be reversed. exposure: Three caffeoylquinic-acid standards; eight coffee species and two harvest periods evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/30326634.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2069, "text_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517"} [chlorogenic_acid-p30326634] Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30326634/ DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100143
Complete structured claim and evidence
The measured NO-status markers were not significantly changed.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Measured human nitric-oxide status markers source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22900702.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1"}
experimental_model
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults
exposure
400 mg chlorogenic acid; study product naming retained
limitations
A small acute surrogate-endpoint study, not cardiovascular event prevention. Later literature describes the product with a 3-CQA label; historical numbering must be checked before treating it as modern neochlorogenic acid.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
The blood-pressure result does not prove increased nitric oxide.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22900702] Acute effects of chlorogenic acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900702/ DOI: 10.1021/jf303440j
tissue_or_cell_type
Blood pressure, endothelial function and NO-related markers
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 932–943
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-no-markers-null The measured NO-status markers were not significantly changed. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The blood-pressure result does not prove increased nitric oxide. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Blood pressure, endothelial function and NO-related markers experimental_model: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled acute crossover in 23 adults limitations: A small acute surrogate-endpoint study, not cardiovascular event prevention. Later literature describes the product with a 3-CQA label; historical numbering must be checked before treating it as modern neochlorogenic acid. exposure: 400 mg chlorogenic acid; study product naming retained evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22900702.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "f3cf1535535a14d11902c63d1f0be28faf07b80835cf5f1b296a62cc2e78e1b1"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22900702] Acute effects of chlorogenic acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900702/ DOI: 10.1021/jf303440j
Complete structured claim and evidence
Bidirectional permeability measurements supported active efflux of chlorogenic acid.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Caco-2 efflux of chlorogenic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/33336676.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "3d5e4e2401998597110958f37fba3e510241ede894a037b6d0701be1689ea713", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1430, "text_sha256": "3d5e4e2401998597110958f37fba3e510241ede894a037b6d0701be1689ea713"}
experimental_model
Bidirectional Caco-2 permeability assay
exposure
Chlorogenic acid and quinic acid; dosing details not provided in indexed abstract
limitations
Active efflux is demonstrated at the assay level. A specific ABC transporter, gene knockout result or clinical drug interaction is not established by the abstract.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human cell line
plain_language
Movement back toward the gut side can limit passage across this cell model.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p33336676] Demonstrating the involvement of an active efflux mechanism in the intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid and quinic acid using a Caco-2 bidirectional permeability assay. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33336676/ DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02629h
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured intestinal epithelial barrier
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 217–228
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Bidirectional Caco-2 permeability assay · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-parent-efflux Bidirectional permeability measurements supported active efflux of chlorogenic acid. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Movement back toward the gut side can limit passage across this cell model. organism: Human cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured intestinal epithelial barrier experimental_model: Bidirectional Caco-2 permeability assay limitations: Active efflux is demonstrated at the assay level. A specific ABC transporter, gene knockout result or clinical drug interaction is not established by the abstract. exposure: Chlorogenic acid and quinic acid; dosing details not provided in indexed abstract evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/33336676.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "3d5e4e2401998597110958f37fba3e510241ede894a037b6d0701be1689ea713", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1430, "text_sha256": "3d5e4e2401998597110958f37fba3e510241ede894a037b6d0701be1689ea713"} [chlorogenic_acid-p33336676] Demonstrating the involvement of an active efflux mechanism in the intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid and quinic acid using a Caco-2 bidirectional permeability assay. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33336676/ DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02629h
Complete structured claim and evidence
Neither 450 nor 900 mg significantly changed peak FMD versus control.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27109860.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1585, "text_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults
exposure
0, 450 or 900 mg purified 5-CGA; 200 mg epicatechin comparator; one-week spacing
limitations
Peak and continuous-mean FMD are different endpoints. Secondary positive findings must not replace the null peak response; no long-term vascular outcome was tested.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
The main peak response was null.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p27109860] Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27109860/ DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00248j
tissue_or_cell_type
Brachial flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 958–969
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-peak-fmd-null Neither 450 nor 900 mg significantly changed peak FMD versus control. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The main peak response was null. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Brachial flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure experimental_model: Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults limitations: Peak and continuous-mean FMD are different endpoints. Secondary positive findings must not replace the null peak response; no long-term vascular outcome was tested. exposure: 0, 450 or 900 mg purified 5-CGA; 200 mg epicatechin comparator; one-week spacing evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27109860.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1585, "text_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8"} [chlorogenic_acid-p27109860] Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27109860/ DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00248j
Complete structured claim and evidence
PODXL upregulation was confirmed by immunoblotting.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human podocalyxin / PODXL source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"}
experimental_model
Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays
exposure
5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours
limitations
An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human EA.hy926 cell line
plain_language
A cell-surface protein changed after exposure.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured endothelial-like cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 620–631
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-podxl PODXL upregulation was confirmed by immunoblotting. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A cell-surface protein changed after exposure. organism: Human EA.hy926 cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured endothelial-like cells experimental_model: Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays limitations: An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable. exposure: 5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"} [chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
Complete structured claim and evidence
CGA showed noncompetitive PTP1B inhibition in the combined kinetic and NMR investigation.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → PTP1B preparation in 2017 inhibition study, species not resolved from abstract source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27959494.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475"}
experimental_model
Steady-state kinetics, solution NMR and molecular dynamics
exposure
CGA compared with cichoric acid; quantitative assay regimen not given in abstract
limitations
Do not merge species-unresolved preparation with human or rodent PTPN1. An enzyme assay does not establish clinical insulin sensitization; simulated hydrogen-bond changes are a proposed mechanism.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Purified PTP1B preparation; species not specified in indexed abstract
plain_language
An insulin-pathway regulator is a biochemical target candidate.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p27959494] Characterization of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition by Chlorogenic Acid and Cichoric Acid. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27959494/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01025
tissue_or_cell_type
Enzyme inhibition and binding-site analysis
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 516–527
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Steady-state kinetics, solution NMR and molecular dynamics · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ptp1b-inhibition CGA showed noncompetitive PTP1B inhibition in the combined kinetic and NMR investigation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: An insulin-pathway regulator is a biochemical target candidate. organism: Purified PTP1B preparation; species not specified in indexed abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Enzyme inhibition and binding-site analysis experimental_model: Steady-state kinetics, solution NMR and molecular dynamics limitations: Do not merge species-unresolved preparation with human or rodent PTPN1. An enzyme assay does not establish clinical insulin sensitization; simulated hydrogen-bond changes are a proposed mechanism. exposure: CGA compared with cichoric acid; quantitative assay regimen not given in abstract evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27959494.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475"} [chlorogenic_acid-p27959494] Characterization of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition by Chlorogenic Acid and Cichoric Acid. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27959494/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01025
Complete structured claim and evidence
The observed CGA binding site was the second aryl-phosphate site, rather than the previously docked benzofuran pocket.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → PTP1B preparation in 2017 inhibition study, species not resolved from abstract source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27959494.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475"}
experimental_model
Steady-state kinetics, solution NMR and molecular dynamics
exposure
CGA compared with cichoric acid; quantitative assay regimen not given in abstract
limitations
Do not merge species-unresolved preparation with human or rodent PTPN1. An enzyme assay does not establish clinical insulin sensitization; simulated hydrogen-bond changes are a proposed mechanism.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Purified PTP1B preparation; species not specified in indexed abstract
plain_language
Experimental localization refines the earlier prediction; this is not an unresolved biological contradiction.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p27959494] Characterization of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition by Chlorogenic Acid and Cichoric Acid. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27959494/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01025
tissue_or_cell_type
Enzyme inhibition and binding-site analysis
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 529–540
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Steady-state kinetics, solution NMR and molecular dynamics · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ptp1b-site The observed CGA binding site was the second aryl-phosphate site, rather than the previously docked benzofuran pocket. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Experimental localization refines the earlier prediction; this is not an unresolved biological contradiction. organism: Purified PTP1B preparation; species not specified in indexed abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Enzyme inhibition and binding-site analysis experimental_model: Steady-state kinetics, solution NMR and molecular dynamics limitations: Do not merge species-unresolved preparation with human or rodent PTPN1. An enzyme assay does not establish clinical insulin sensitization; simulated hydrogen-bond changes are a proposed mechanism. exposure: CGA compared with cichoric acid; quantitative assay regimen not given in abstract evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27959494.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1044, "text_sha256": "4f4610d35c42975e3cc1026d2daa4014952bc442a58e711b430db873d22a7475"} [chlorogenic_acid-p27959494] Characterization of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition by Chlorogenic Acid and Cichoric Acid. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27959494/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01025
Complete structured claim and evidence
Neither purified 5-CGA dose significantly altered blood pressure.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Arterial blood pressure source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27109860.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1585, "text_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults
exposure
0, 450 or 900 mg purified 5-CGA; 200 mg epicatechin comparator; one-week spacing
limitations
Peak and continuous-mean FMD are different endpoints. Secondary positive findings must not replace the null peak response; no long-term vascular outcome was tested.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
This trial does not support an inevitable blood-pressure reduction.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p27109860] Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27109860/ DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00248j
tissue_or_cell_type
Brachial flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 984–995
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-pure-bp-null Neither purified 5-CGA dose significantly altered blood pressure. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: This trial does not support an inevitable blood-pressure reduction. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Brachial flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure experimental_model: Randomized-order acute crossover in 16 adults limitations: Peak and continuous-mean FMD are different endpoints. Secondary positive findings must not replace the null peak response; no long-term vascular outcome was tested. exposure: 0, 450 or 900 mg purified 5-CGA; 200 mg epicatechin comparator; one-week spacing evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/27109860.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1585, "text_sha256": "e8a19a33418ce3a635bd5d8d0d2189175a8e555131a1059441eac4d03dfc91c8"} [chlorogenic_acid-p27109860] Acute effects of chlorogenic acids on endothelial function and blood pressure in healthy men and women. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27109860/ DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00248j
Complete structured claim and evidence
The 450 mg pure 5-CQA comparison at one hour had P=0.06.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/28012692.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "78c6f096f5e1ec58c1a1c2a7aacda48cadf220053e0f7bff5962c93188429d03", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1766, "text_sha256": "78c6f096f5e1ec58c1a1c2a7aacda48cadf220053e0f7bff5962c93188429d03"}
experimental_model
Two acute randomized controlled crossover trials
exposure
Coffee with 89 or 310 mg CGAs, matched caffeine, n=15; pure 5-CQA 450/900 mg, n=24
limitations
Coffee is a mixture. Parallel metabolite timing is not proof that a specific metabolite caused dilation. The pure-compound P=0.06 result did not meet the conventional P<0.05 threshold.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human healthy men
plain_language
A suggestive trend is retained without calling it a confirmed improvement.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p28012692] Mediation of coffee-induced improvements in human vascular function by chlorogenic acids and its metabolites: Two randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trials. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28012692/ DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.013
tissue_or_cell_type
Brachial FMD and plasma metabolites
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1010–1021
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Two acute randomized controlled crossover trials · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-pure-fmd-borderline The 450 mg pure 5-CQA comparison at one hour had P=0.06. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A suggestive trend is retained without calling it a confirmed improvement. organism: Human healthy men tissue_or_cell_type: Brachial FMD and plasma metabolites experimental_model: Two acute randomized controlled crossover trials limitations: Coffee is a mixture. Parallel metabolite timing is not proof that a specific metabolite caused dilation. The pure-compound P=0.06 result did not meet the conventional P<0.05 threshold. exposure: Coffee with 89 or 310 mg CGAs, matched caffeine, n=15; pure 5-CQA 450/900 mg, n=24 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/28012692.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "78c6f096f5e1ec58c1a1c2a7aacda48cadf220053e0f7bff5962c93188429d03", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1766, "text_sha256": "78c6f096f5e1ec58c1a1c2a7aacda48cadf220053e0f7bff5962c93188429d03"} [chlorogenic_acid-p28012692] Mediation of coffee-induced improvements in human vascular function by chlorogenic acids and its metabolites: Two randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trials. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28012692/ DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.013
Complete structured claim and evidence
Quinic acid supplies the other component of the chlorogenic-acid ester.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Quinic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11208940.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1299, "text_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers
exposure
2.8 mmol chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid on separate days; 24-hour collections
limitations
Disappearance from ileal effluent is not intact-parent systemic bioavailability. Participants lacked normal colonic processing; no therapeutic outcome was tested.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
Breaking the ester creates different molecules with their own handling.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p11208940] Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11208940/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.1.66
tissue_or_cell_type
Small intestine; ileal effluent and urine
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 126–137
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-quinic-ester Quinic acid supplies the other component of the chlorogenic-acid ester. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Breaking the ester creates different molecules with their own handling. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Small intestine; ileal effluent and urine experimental_model: Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers limitations: Disappearance from ileal effluent is not intact-parent systemic bioavailability. Participants lacked normal colonic processing; no therapeutic outcome was tested. exposure: 2.8 mmol chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid on separate days; 24-hour collections evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11208940.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1299, "text_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8"} [chlorogenic_acid-p11208940] Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11208940/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.1.66
Complete structured claim and evidence
The cancer-cell experiments reported partial inhibition of RARB promoter methylation.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human RARB promoter DNA methylation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/16081510.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2008, "text_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170"}
experimental_model
Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments
exposure
CGA DNMT1 IC50 0.9 micromolar in the coupled assay; compounds tested up to 20 micromolar
limitations
These concentrations and coupled-reaction conditions do not establish whole-body methyl-donor depletion, anticancer benefit or vitamin deficiency after food intake. COMT-mediated SAH generation is distinct from direct competitive binding to DNMT1.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human DNMT1 and MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells; COMT preparation species unresolved in abstract
plain_language
One promoter in cancer cells does not describe genome-wide epigenetic health.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p16081510] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081510/ DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi206
tissue_or_cell_type
Cell-free methyltransferase reactions and cultured cancer cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 828–839
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-rarb-methylation The cancer-cell experiments reported partial inhibition of RARB promoter methylation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: One promoter in cancer cells does not describe genome-wide epigenetic health. organism: Human DNMT1 and MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells; COMT preparation species unresolved in abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Cell-free methyltransferase reactions and cultured cancer cells experimental_model: Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments limitations: These concentrations and coupled-reaction conditions do not establish whole-body methyl-donor depletion, anticancer benefit or vitamin deficiency after food intake. COMT-mediated SAH generation is distinct from direct competitive binding to DNMT1. exposure: CGA DNMT1 IC50 0.9 micromolar in the coupled assay; compounds tested up to 20 micromolar evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/16081510.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2008, "text_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170"} [chlorogenic_acid-p16081510] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081510/ DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi206
Complete structured claim and evidence
Parent chlorogenic acid inhibited the translocase component in intact rat liver microsomes.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Rat glucose-6-phosphate transporter / Slc37a4 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9003513.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "995b8001c0461fc38f9d57e9fdb83d334165176bc4df75083315c8f21ca8f90f", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1355, "text_sha256": "995b8001c0461fc38f9d57e9fdb83d334165176bc4df75083315c8f21ca8f90f"}
experimental_model
Microsomal inhibition and isolated perfused-liver experiments
exposure
Parent CGA and synthesized derivatives; compound 29i in organ experiment
limitations
The parent and more potent lipophilic derivatives are different chemicals. Reduced G6P hydrolysis in intact microsomes implicates substrate transport, not necessarily direct inhibition of the catalytic phosphatase.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rat
plain_language
The transport step can limit delivery to the glucose-releasing enzyme.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p9003513] Chlorogenic acid and synthetic chlorogenic acid derivatives: novel inhibitors of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate translocase. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9003513/ DOI: 10.1021/jm9607360
tissue_or_cell_type
Hepatic microsomes and perfused liver
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 386–397
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Microsomal inhibition and isolated perfused-liver experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-rat-translocase Parent chlorogenic acid inhibited the translocase component in intact rat liver microsomes. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The transport step can limit delivery to the glucose-releasing enzyme. organism: Rat tissue_or_cell_type: Hepatic microsomes and perfused liver experimental_model: Microsomal inhibition and isolated perfused-liver experiments limitations: The parent and more potent lipophilic derivatives are different chemicals. Reduced G6P hydrolysis in intact microsomes implicates substrate transport, not necessarily direct inhibition of the catalytic phosphatase. exposure: Parent CGA and synthesized derivatives; compound 29i in organ experiment evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/9003513.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "995b8001c0461fc38f9d57e9fdb83d334165176bc4df75083315c8f21ca8f90f", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1355, "text_sha256": "995b8001c0461fc38f9d57e9fdb83d334165176bc4df75083315c8f21ca8f90f"} [chlorogenic_acid-p9003513] Chlorogenic acid and synthetic chlorogenic acid derivatives: novel inhibitors of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate translocase. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9003513/ DOI: 10.1021/jm9607360
Complete structured claim and evidence
The bound compound stabilizes an arrested state that prevents the transitions needed for G6P/Pi exchange.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human SLC37A4 conformational cycling for G6P/Pi exchange source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/42520004.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2009, "text_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6"}
experimental_model
Cryo-EM with biochemical transport and thermostability assays
exposure
Apo, glucose-6-phosphate-bound and chlorogenic-acid-bound structures
limitations
Direct structural target evidence does not establish inhibition after ordinary food intake. Variant disease and compound exposure are different mechanisms; coffee does not thereby cause glycogen storage disease.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human recombinant SLC37A4
plain_language
Holding the carrier in one state obstructs its transport cycle.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p42520004] Structural basis for substrate recognition and inhibition of human glucose-6-phosphate transporter SLC37A4. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42520004/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003833
tissue_or_cell_type
HEK293-expressed transporter; purified membrane-protein preparation
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 360–371
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cryo-EM with biochemical transport and thermostability assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-slc37a4-arrest The bound compound stabilizes an arrested state that prevents the transitions needed for G6P/Pi exchange. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Holding the carrier in one state obstructs its transport cycle. organism: Human recombinant SLC37A4 tissue_or_cell_type: HEK293-expressed transporter; purified membrane-protein preparation experimental_model: Cryo-EM with biochemical transport and thermostability assays limitations: Direct structural target evidence does not establish inhibition after ordinary food intake. Variant disease and compound exposure are different mechanisms; coffee does not thereby cause glycogen storage disease. exposure: Apo, glucose-6-phosphate-bound and chlorogenic-acid-bound structures evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/42520004.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2009, "text_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6"} [chlorogenic_acid-p42520004] Structural basis for substrate recognition and inhibition of human glucose-6-phosphate transporter SLC37A4. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42520004/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003833
Complete structured claim and evidence
Cryo-EM resolved chlorogenic acid at a cytosolic site in inward-facing human SLC37A4.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human glucose-6-phosphate transporter / SLC37A4 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/42520004.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2009, "text_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6"}
experimental_model
Cryo-EM with biochemical transport and thermostability assays
exposure
Apo, glucose-6-phosphate-bound and chlorogenic-acid-bound structures
limitations
Direct structural target evidence does not establish inhibition after ordinary food intake. Variant disease and compound exposure are different mechanisms; coffee does not thereby cause glycogen storage disease.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human recombinant SLC37A4
plain_language
This is a measured protein complex, not only a docking prediction.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p42520004] Structural basis for substrate recognition and inhibition of human glucose-6-phosphate transporter SLC37A4. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42520004/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003833
tissue_or_cell_type
HEK293-expressed transporter; purified membrane-protein preparation
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 347–358
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cryo-EM with biochemical transport and thermostability assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-slc37a4-binding Cryo-EM resolved chlorogenic acid at a cytosolic site in inward-facing human SLC37A4. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: This is a measured protein complex, not only a docking prediction. organism: Human recombinant SLC37A4 tissue_or_cell_type: HEK293-expressed transporter; purified membrane-protein preparation experimental_model: Cryo-EM with biochemical transport and thermostability assays limitations: Direct structural target evidence does not establish inhibition after ordinary food intake. Variant disease and compound exposure are different mechanisms; coffee does not thereby cause glycogen storage disease. exposure: Apo, glucose-6-phosphate-bound and chlorogenic-acid-bound structures evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/42520004.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2009, "text_sha256": "c05de010432b8bfaee87bdbba5f9fe93e7a262d41a17d19ec6e0b7b480e35ee6"} [chlorogenic_acid-p42520004] Structural basis for substrate recognition and inhibition of human glucose-6-phosphate transporter SLC37A4. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42520004/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003833
Complete structured claim and evidence
Apparent small-intestinal disappearance was 33 +/- 17% of the chlorogenic-acid dose.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Chlorogenic acid disappearance before ileostomy collection source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11208940.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1299, "text_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8"}
experimental_model
Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers
exposure
2.8 mmol chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid on separate days; 24-hour collections
limitations
Disappearance from ileal effluent is not intact-parent systemic bioavailability. Participants lacked normal colonic processing; no therapeutic outcome was tested.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human
plain_language
Much of the dose still reached the ileostomy outlet.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p11208940] Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11208940/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.1.66
tissue_or_cell_type
Small intestine; ileal effluent and urine
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 139–150
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-small-intestinal-disappearance Apparent small-intestinal disappearance was 33 +/- 17% of the chlorogenic-acid dose. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Much of the dose still reached the ileostomy outlet. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Small intestine; ileal effluent and urine experimental_model: Randomized-order crossover in seven ileostomy volunteers limitations: Disappearance from ileal effluent is not intact-parent systemic bioavailability. Participants lacked normal colonic processing; no therapeutic outcome was tested. exposure: 2.8 mmol chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid on separate days; 24-hour collections evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11208940.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1299, "text_sha256": "651ac6849ea1490afeee5c905352bda75c8701decbcdf68f1d22dec05af06fd8"} [chlorogenic_acid-p11208940] Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11208940/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.1.66
Complete structured claim and evidence
ZO-1 expression increased in the treated cells.
Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid → Human tight-junction protein ZO-1 / TJP1 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"}
experimental_model
Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays
exposure
5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours
limitations
An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human EA.hy926 cell line
plain_language
A tight-junction protein links the exposure to barrier organization.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
tissue_or_cell_type
Cultured endothelial-like cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 646–657
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-tjp1 ZO-1 expression increased in the treated cells. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A tight-junction protein links the exposure to barrier organization. organism: Human EA.hy926 cell line tissue_or_cell_type: Cultured endothelial-like cells experimental_model: Quantitative proteomics, immunoblots and endothelial functional assays limitations: An immortalized cell model, not intact human vessels. Enrichment of PI3K/AKT and Rap1 pathways is hypothesis generation; increased angiogenesis is not universally desirable. exposure: 5 micromolar CGA for 24 hours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/36076497.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "70d2217b479c3b8e299fd8b94dda90a12086be9c8ed756ad3359dc4272285a0a"} [chlorogenic_acid-p36076497] Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36076497/ DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471
Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

Chlorogenic-acid hydrolysis was detected in selected E. coli, B. lactis and L. gasseri isolates; activity was mainly intracellular.
Gut-isolate cinnamoyl esterase activities, genes unresolved → Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11412317.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2c6244869c8a620b69559006cf5bd4a71d44839b0920a8b388eb933be1cfa9a6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1812, "text_sha256": "2c6244869c8a620b69559006cf5bd4a71d44839b0920a8b388eb933be1cfa9a6"}
experimental_model
Culture and enzymatic characterization of human fecal isolates
exposure
Thirty-five isolates screened; six esterase-positive isolates identified
limitations
Activity was strain-specific and genes were not identified. The study does not establish that all members of a named species or commercial probiotics have this activity.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human-derived bacterial isolates
plain_language
Some gut bacteria can open the ester, changing the compounds available to the host.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p11412317] Isolation and characterization of human colonic bacteria able to hydrolyse chlorogenic acid. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11412317/ DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01316.x
tissue_or_cell_type
Anaerobic cultures; intracellular esterase activity
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 204–215
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Culture and enzymatic characterization of human fecal isolates · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-bacterial-hydrolysis Chlorogenic-acid hydrolysis was detected in selected E. coli, B. lactis and L. gasseri isolates; activity was mainly intracellular. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Some gut bacteria can open the ester, changing the compounds available to the host. organism: Human-derived bacterial isolates tissue_or_cell_type: Anaerobic cultures; intracellular esterase activity experimental_model: Culture and enzymatic characterization of human fecal isolates limitations: Activity was strain-specific and genes were not identified. The study does not establish that all members of a named species or commercial probiotics have this activity. exposure: Thirty-five isolates screened; six esterase-positive isolates identified evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/11412317.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2c6244869c8a620b69559006cf5bd4a71d44839b0920a8b388eb933be1cfa9a6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1812, "text_sha256": "2c6244869c8a620b69559006cf5bd4a71d44839b0920a8b388eb933be1cfa9a6"} [chlorogenic_acid-p11412317] Isolation and characterization of human colonic bacteria able to hydrolyse chlorogenic acid. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11412317/ DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01316.x
Complete structured claim and evidence
COMT-mediated O-methylation of CGA contributed to the coupled-assay response.
COMT preparation used in dietary-catechol methylation assay, organism not specified in abstract → Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/16081510.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2008, "text_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170"}
experimental_model
Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments
exposure
CGA DNMT1 IC50 0.9 micromolar in the coupled assay; compounds tested up to 20 micromolar
limitations
These concentrations and coupled-reaction conditions do not establish whole-body methyl-donor depletion, anticancer benefit or vitamin deficiency after food intake. COMT-mediated SAH generation is distinct from direct competitive binding to DNMT1.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Human DNMT1 and MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells; COMT preparation species unresolved in abstract
plain_language
Metabolizing a catechol connects it to methyl-group chemistry.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p16081510] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081510/ DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi206
tissue_or_cell_type
Cell-free methyltransferase reactions and cultured cancer cells
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 776–787
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-comt-cga COMT-mediated O-methylation of CGA contributed to the coupled-assay response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Metabolizing a catechol connects it to methyl-group chemistry. organism: Human DNMT1 and MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells; COMT preparation species unresolved in abstract tissue_or_cell_type: Cell-free methyltransferase reactions and cultured cancer cells experimental_model: Coupled catechol-methylation/DNA-methylation assays and breast-cancer cell experiments limitations: These concentrations and coupled-reaction conditions do not establish whole-body methyl-donor depletion, anticancer benefit or vitamin deficiency after food intake. COMT-mediated SAH generation is distinct from direct competitive binding to DNMT1. exposure: CGA DNMT1 IC50 0.9 micromolar in the coupled assay; compounds tested up to 20 micromolar evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/16081510.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2008, "text_sha256": "e93fafd7946f8a4aea30ff3ee9ef05e303f9154eb947410fca8e63c6521a4170"} [chlorogenic_acid-p16081510] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081510/ DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi206
Complete structured claim and evidence
5-CQA was the major measured isomer in the studied leaf extracts; quantities varied by species and harvest.
Coffee chlorogenic-acid mixture, composition study-specific → Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/30326634.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2069, "text_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517"}
experimental_model
LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry
exposure
Three caffeoylquinic-acid standards; eight coffee species and two harvest periods
limitations
Chemical identity and food composition, not a human intervention. The numbering convention is explicit because historical 3/5 naming can be reversed.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Coffea species
plain_language
A plant name does not specify a reproducible dose.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p30326634] Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30326634/ DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100143
tissue_or_cell_type
Aqueous coffee-leaf extracts
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 191–202
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-plant-composition 5-CQA was the major measured isomer in the studied leaf extracts; quantities varied by species and harvest. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A plant name does not specify a reproducible dose. organism: Coffea species tissue_or_cell_type: Aqueous coffee-leaf extracts experimental_model: LC-electrochemical assay validated by high-resolution mass spectrometry limitations: Chemical identity and food composition, not a human intervention. The numbering convention is explicit because historical 3/5 naming can be reversed. exposure: Three caffeoylquinic-acid standards; eight coffee species and two harvest periods evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/30326634.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2069, "text_sha256": "47354c1e3ee8848928923eabc23556d56e71fa1cda32d63a59d2b45f0fb24517"} [chlorogenic_acid-p30326634] Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30326634/ DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100143
Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

AMPK alpha1/alpha2 knockdown abrogated CGA-stimulated glucose transport.
Experimental rat AMPK alpha1/alpha2 knockdown → Rat myotube glucose uptake source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
availability_state
machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"}
experimental_model
L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments
exposure
L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally
limitations
Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step.
nutrient_topic
Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
organism
Rattus norvegicus
plain_language
The response depends on functioning machinery in this model.
primary_references
[chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
tissue_or_cell_type
L6 myotubes
trigger_kind
machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
Chlorogenic acid: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 490–501
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chlorogenic_acid-ampk-loss AMPK alpha1/alpha2 knockdown abrogated CGA-stimulated glucose transport. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Chlorogenic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The response depends on functioning machinery in this model. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: L6 myotubes experimental_model: L6 myotube signaling with siRNA and pharmacological tests; db/db mouse experiments limitations: Millimolar culture exposure and injected mouse doses are not dietary human exposures. Phosphorylation and abundance readouts do not by themselves prove every upstream causal step. exposure: L6 experiments included 2 mmol/L CGA; mouse acute intervention 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chlorogenic_acid-research/22412912.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1896, "text_sha256": "77c1ccf86d3fb56135a01d2d80b9f1eec3d657e825789f8be490fff93feb8fff"} [chlorogenic_acid-p22412912] Chlorogenic acid stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle via AMPK activation: a contributor to the beneficial effects of coffee on diabetes. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22412912/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032718
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Chlorogenic acid / 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid

How nutrients influence it

Other things that act on it

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

What it does

What it acts on

ACC phosphorylation increased alongside the AMPK response.

Mean systolic/diastolic changes versus control were -2.41/-1.53 mmHg (P=0.05/0.04).

Akt activation was observed during the L6 response.

CGA increased AMPK phosphorylation and measured AMPK activity in L6 myotubes.

Angiopoietin-2 secretion increased.

Transendothelial electrical resistance increased after treatment.

Chlorogenic acid contains a caffeic-acid moiety esterified to quinic acid.

The assay also resolved 4-CQA separately from 5-CQA.

CGA inhibited human DNMT1-mediated methylation with an assay IC50 of 0.9 micromolar.

The reported endothelial-function outcome was not significantly affected (P=0.60).

Capillary-like tube formation increased in the endothelial assay.

At 20 hours, fasting total homocysteine was 4% higher, a 0.4 micromol/L difference (95% CI 0.0-0.8).

Spectroscopy, ESR and NMR supported formation of a CGA-iron complex.

Isolated CGA did not significantly alter the overall GIP response.

Isolated CGA did not significantly alter the overall GLP-1 response.

L6 2-deoxyglucose uptake increased with CGA concentration and exposure time.

CGA increased GLUT4 delivery to the L6 plasma membrane.

At 4-5 hours after dosing, plasma total homocysteine was 12% higher than placebo, a 1.2 micromol/L difference (95% CI 0.6-1.7).

CGA inhibited meal iron absorption, less strongly than the galloyl compounds tested.

CGA did not enhance IRS1-p85 association in the reported assay.

CGA at 0.5 micromolar inhibited copper-induced LDL oxidation during initiation.

CGA at 0.1 micromolar or more enhanced LDL oxidation during propagation.

CGA did not outperform placebo for the measured hepatic-fat endpoint.

CGA did not outperform placebo for liver stiffness.

Lamin A/C upregulation was confirmed by immunoblotting.

At one hour, continuous mean FMD increased by 0.47 and 0.65 percentage points with 450 and 900 mg, respectively.

CGA reduced iron-induced bovine microsomal lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner.

Injected CGA acutely lowered fasting glucose in db/db mice.

The mouse regeneration study linked CGA-Keap1 interaction to Nrf2 activation.

CGA promoted regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice.

The analytical method separately quantified 5-CQA and 3-CQA.

The measured NO-status markers were not significantly changed.

Bidirectional permeability measurements supported active efflux of chlorogenic acid.

Neither 450 nor 900 mg significantly changed peak FMD versus control.

PODXL upregulation was confirmed by immunoblotting.

CGA showed noncompetitive PTP1B inhibition in the combined kinetic and NMR investigation.

The observed CGA binding site was the second aryl-phosphate site, rather than the previously docked benzofuran pocket.

Neither purified 5-CGA dose significantly altered blood pressure.

The 450 mg pure 5-CQA comparison at one hour had P=0.06.

Quinic acid supplies the other component of the chlorogenic-acid ester.

The cancer-cell experiments reported partial inhibition of RARB promoter methylation.

Parent chlorogenic acid inhibited the translocase component in intact rat liver microsomes.

The bound compound stabilizes an arrested state that prevents the transitions needed for G6P/Pi exchange.

Cryo-EM resolved chlorogenic acid at a cytosolic site in inward-facing human SLC37A4.

Apparent small-intestinal disappearance was 33 +/- 17% of the chlorogenic-acid dose.

ZO-1 expression increased in the treated cells.

What acts on it

Chlorogenic-acid hydrolysis was detected in selected E. coli, B. lactis and L. gasseri isolates; activity was mainly intracellular.

COMT-mediated O-methylation of CGA contributed to the coupled-assay response.

5-CQA was the major measured isomer in the studied leaf extracts; quantities varied by species and harvest.

Where it participates (unsigned role)

AMPK alpha1/alpha2 knockdown abrogated CGA-stimulated glucose transport.

The events it takes part in

Situations it appears in

In the sources

Open hypotheses