Manganese

cross_nutrient

Iron (measured_nutrient)

evidence_span

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experimental_model

124-day supplementation study in 47 women

exposure

Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both.

limitations

Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

An interaction need not produce a detectable change in both minerals.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

tissue_or_cell_type

Lymphocytes, serum and urine

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1146–1158

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 124-day supplementation study in 47 women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-supplement-iron-null Manganese supplementation did not change any measured indices of iron status. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: An interaction need not produce a detectable change in both minerals. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Lymphocytes, serum and urine experimental_model: 124-day supplementation study in 47 women limitations: Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold. exposure: Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both. cross_nutrient: Iron (measured_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davis1992a.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 956, "text_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "text_characters": 956} [mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

cross_nutrient

Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase / SOD2 (measured_enzyme); Iron (factorial_comparator)

evidence_span

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experimental_model

124-day supplementation study in 47 women

exposure

Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both.

limitations

Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The manganese enzyme responded in the sampled immune cells.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

tissue_or_cell_type

Lymphocytes, serum and urine

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1104–1116

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 124-day supplementation study in 47 women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-supplement-lymphocyte-sod Manganese supplementation increased lymphocyte MnSOD activity from baseline. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The manganese enzyme responded in the sampled immune cells. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Lymphocytes, serum and urine experimental_model: 124-day supplementation study in 47 women limitations: Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold. exposure: Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both. cross_nutrient: Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase / SOD2 (measured_enzyme); Iron (factorial_comparator) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davis1992a.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 956, "text_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "text_characters": 956} [mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

cross_nutrient

Manganese handling and the measured downstream function.

evidence_span

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experimental_model

124-day supplementation study in 47 women

exposure

Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both.

limitations

Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The circulating measurement responded to the experimental intake.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

tissue_or_cell_type

Lymphocytes, serum and urine

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1118–1130

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 124-day supplementation study in 47 women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-supplement-serum Serum manganese increased from baseline during manganese supplementation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The circulating measurement responded to the experimental intake. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Lymphocytes, serum and urine experimental_model: 124-day supplementation study in 47 women limitations: Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold. exposure: Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both. cross_nutrient: Manganese handling and the measured downstream function. evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davis1992a.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 956, "text_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "text_characters": 956} [mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

cross_nutrient

Manganese handling and the measured downstream function.

evidence_span

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experimental_model

124-day supplementation study in 47 women

exposure

Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both.

limitations

Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Urinary manganese did not track the serum response in this study.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

tissue_or_cell_type

Lymphocytes, serum and urine

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1132–1144

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 124-day supplementation study in 47 women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-supplement-urine Manganese supplementation did not change measured urinary manganese excretion. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Urinary manganese did not track the serum response in this study. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Lymphocytes, serum and urine experimental_model: 124-day supplementation study in 47 women limitations: Historical experimental doses, not intake advice. Abstract reports manganese changes from baseline; biomarkers do not demonstrate improved health or establish a deficiency threshold. exposure: Placebo, 60 mg iron/day, 15 mg manganese/day or both. cross_nutrient: Manganese handling and the measured downstream function. evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davis1992a.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 956, "text_sha256": "2fbf15cf32ba80f68c4f4efaa7fa50de76b90094438325cc6632b7d447e22227", "text_characters": 956} [mn-clin-davis1992a] Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550052/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.747

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Dietary Mn:Fe balance affected mouse Sod2 metal occupancy.

experimental_model

Purified SOD2, SOD2-overexpressing human cells, and dietary C57BL/6J mouse experiments

exposure

Four weeks of 40 ppm Mn/275 ppm Fe versus 150 ppm Mn/275 ppm Fe control.

limitations

Primary experimental scope only; no human dietary threshold, clinical treatment rule, or universal metal substitution is established.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Mus musculus

plain_language

Lower dietary manganese relative to iron changed liver Sod2 metal loading in mice.

primary_references

[mn-enz-29398562] Switch of Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase into a Prooxidant Peroxidase in Manganese-Deficient Cells and Mice. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29398562/ DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.01.007

tissue_or_cell_type

Liver Sod2

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 508–519

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified SOD2, SOD2-overexpressing human cells, and dietary C57BL/6J mouse experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-enz-mouse-low-mn-iron-sod2 Mice fed the lower-manganese diet for four weeks had approximately 30% of isolated liver Sod2 iron-loaded, versus negligible iron loading in controls. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Lower dietary manganese relative to iron changed liver Sod2 metal loading in mice. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Liver Sod2 experimental_model: Purified SOD2, SOD2-overexpressing human cells, and dietary C57BL/6J mouse experiments limitations: Primary experimental scope only; no human dietary threshold, clinical treatment rule, or universal metal substitution is established. exposure: Four weeks of 40 ppm Mn/275 ppm Fe versus 150 ppm Mn/275 ppm Fe control. cross_nutrient: Dietary Mn:Fe balance affected mouse Sod2 metal occupancy. [mn-enz-29398562] Switch of Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase into a Prooxidant Peroxidase in Manganese-Deficient Cells and Mice. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29398562/ DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.01.007

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/hbot-research/15642322.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2646, "text_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995"}

experimental_model

Cultured human lens epithelial cells exposed to extreme hyperbaric oxygen with enzyme assays and real-time PCR

exposure

99% oxygen at 50 atmospheres for 3 hours, then normal culture for up to 11 days

limitations

Fifty atmospheres is an extreme experimental exposure far above therapy, chosen to probe which defences matter. The selenoenzyme result is the informative part; the pressure is not clinically relevant.

nutrient_topic

Hyperbaric oxygen research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

organism

Human cells

plain_language

Iron freed from heme may be the signal that calls up the manganese enzyme.

primary_references

[hbot-p15642322] Thioredoxin reductase may be essential for the normal growth of hyperbaric oxygen-treated human lens epithelial cells. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15642322/ DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2004.07.001

tissue_or_cell_type

Lens epithelium

Hyperbaric oxygen: the exposure, its reactive species, the signals they carry, and the nutrient-dependent enzymes that handle them (2026-09-19) · lines 439–450

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cultured human lens epithelial cells exposed to extreme hyperbaric oxygen with enzyme assays and real-time PCR · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### hbot-ho1-iron-to-mnsod The authors suggest that release of free iron from the degradation of heme by heme oxygenase-1 may have played a role in the later upregulation of the manganese dismutase. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Hyperbaric oxygen research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: Iron freed from heme may be the signal that calls up the manganese enzyme. organism: Human cells tissue_or_cell_type: Lens epithelium experimental_model: Cultured human lens epithelial cells exposed to extreme hyperbaric oxygen with enzyme assays and real-time PCR limitations: Fifty atmospheres is an extreme experimental exposure far above therapy, chosen to probe which defences matter. The selenoenzyme result is the informative part; the pressure is not clinically relevant. exposure: 99% oxygen at 50 atmospheres for 3 hours, then normal culture for up to 11 days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/hbot-research/15642322.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2646, "text_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995"} [hbot-p15642322] Thioredoxin reductase may be essential for the normal growth of hyperbaric oxygen-treated human lens epithelial cells. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15642322/ DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2004.07.001

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/hbot-research/15642322.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2646, "text_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995"}

experimental_model

Cultured human lens epithelial cells exposed to extreme hyperbaric oxygen with enzyme assays and real-time PCR

exposure

99% oxygen at 50 atmospheres for 3 hours, then normal culture for up to 11 days

limitations

Fifty atmospheres is an extreme experimental exposure far above therapy, chosen to probe which defences matter. The selenoenzyme result is the informative part; the pressure is not clinically relevant.

nutrient_topic

Hyperbaric oxygen research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

organism

Human cells

plain_language

The cell rebuilt exactly three proteins: the heme enzyme, the manganese enzyme and the selenium enzyme.

primary_references

[hbot-p15642322] Thioredoxin reductase may be essential for the normal growth of hyperbaric oxygen-treated human lens epithelial cells. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15642322/ DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2004.07.001

tissue_or_cell_type

Lens epithelium

Hyperbaric oxygen: the exposure, its reactive species, the signals they carry, and the nutrient-dependent enzymes that handle them (2026-09-19) · lines 426–437

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cultured human lens epithelial cells exposed to extreme hyperbaric oxygen with enzyme assays and real-time PCR · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### hbot-trxr-mrna-response Messenger RNA for heme oxygenase-1, manganese superoxide dismutase and cytoplasmic thioredoxin reductase 1 rose three- to six-fold nine hours after exposure, with heme oxygenase-1 rising a few hours before manganese superoxide dismutase, while catalase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin did not change. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Hyperbaric oxygen research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: The cell rebuilt exactly three proteins: the heme enzyme, the manganese enzyme and the selenium enzyme. organism: Human cells tissue_or_cell_type: Lens epithelium experimental_model: Cultured human lens epithelial cells exposed to extreme hyperbaric oxygen with enzyme assays and real-time PCR limitations: Fifty atmospheres is an extreme experimental exposure far above therapy, chosen to probe which defences matter. The selenoenzyme result is the informative part; the pressure is not clinically relevant. exposure: 99% oxygen at 50 atmospheres for 3 hours, then normal culture for up to 11 days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/hbot-research/15642322.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2646, "text_sha256": "e3bc035a17e4e19dd92d4fadb1a79f8e3801619dac24fb91dcf985728afaf995"} [hbot-p15642322] Thioredoxin reductase may be essential for the normal growth of hyperbaric oxygen-treated human lens epithelial cells. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15642322/ DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2004.07.001

availability_state

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

false

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/zinc-transport-sources/22737083-abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; tissue elemental analysis", "file_sha256": "4643d3986c556a001c45365febbb07095bcdc8bc604e30488d3fb98a23511a4b"}

experimental_model

Tamoxifen-inducible enterocyte-specific knockout and tissue elemental analysis

exposure

Conditional gene deletion compared with intact controls.

limitations

A genetic transport defect is not interchangeable with low intake. Total tissue zinc does not resolve labile versus protein-bound zinc. Tissue accumulation is not proof of systemic nutritional adequacy of the other metals.

nutrient_topic

Zinc research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Zinc

organism

Mus musculus

plain_language

Loss of zinc uptake disrupted the distribution of several other metals.

primary_references

[zinc-trans-22737083] A mouse model of acrodermatitis enteropathica: loss of intestine zinc transporter ZIP4 (Slc39a4) disrupts the stem cell niche and intestine integrity. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22737083/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002766

tissue_or_cell_type

Small intestine, liver, pancreas

trigger_kind

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

Zinc: transport, enzyme loading, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 585–597

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Tamoxifen-inducible enterocyte-specific knockout and tissue elemental analysis · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### zinc-trans-zip4-other-metals After enterocyte Zip4 deletion in mice, liver iron, manganese and copper gradually accumulated as the zinc-depletion disease progressed. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Zinc research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Loss of zinc uptake disrupted the distribution of several other metals. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Small intestine, liver, pancreas experimental_model: Tamoxifen-inducible enterocyte-specific knockout and tissue elemental analysis limitations: A genetic transport defect is not interchangeable with low intake. Total tissue zinc does not resolve labile versus protein-bound zinc. Tissue accumulation is not proof of systemic nutritional adequacy of the other metals. exposure: Conditional gene deletion compared with intact controls. cross_nutrient: false evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/zinc-transport-sources/22737083-abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; tissue elemental analysis", "file_sha256": "4643d3986c556a001c45365febbb07095bcdc8bc604e30488d3fb98a23511a4b"} [zinc-trans-22737083] A mouse model of acrodermatitis enteropathica: loss of intestine zinc transporter ZIP4 (Slc39a4) disrupts the stem cell niche and intestine integrity. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22737083/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002766

availability_state

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Whole-blood manganese concentration (reduced_endpoint); Manganese (removed_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/stamelou2012.txt", "locator": "Clinical description; initial calcium disodium edetate treatment", "file_sha256": "5d86a26fe564508fb382d1c8df61f531bfbaf06b69e2078b0999e3a3129555f6", "start_char": 8926, "end_char": 9841, "text_sha256": "0bc6daa528aab341fb9d91dc543811ba24f7f8e904f084c085bafc1d4093113e", "text_characters": 915}

experimental_model

Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient

exposure

Calcium disodium edetate chelation; subsequent increase in chelation frequency and addition of oral ferrous fumarate.

limitations

Repeated observations in one previously described patient. Combined treatment changes prevent attribution of later benefit to iron alone; disease-specific treatment is not routine nutrient replacement.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The treatment moved more manganese into urine.

primary_references

[mn-clin-stamelou2012] Dystonia with brain manganese accumulation resulting from SLC30A10 mutations: a new treatable disorder. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926781/ DOI: 10.1002/mds.25138

tissue_or_cell_type

Urine, blood, brain MRI and motor function

trigger_kind

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1272–1284

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-chelation-manganese-removal Chelation increased urinary manganese and reduced blood manganese in the followed SLC30A10 patient. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The treatment moved more manganese into urine. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Urine, blood, brain MRI and motor function experimental_model: Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient limitations: Repeated observations in one previously described patient. Combined treatment changes prevent attribution of later benefit to iron alone; disease-specific treatment is not routine nutrient replacement. exposure: Calcium disodium edetate chelation; subsequent increase in chelation frequency and addition of oral ferrous fumarate. cross_nutrient: Whole-blood manganese concentration (reduced_endpoint); Manganese (removed_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/stamelou2012.txt", "locator": "Clinical description; initial calcium disodium edetate treatment", "file_sha256": "5d86a26fe564508fb382d1c8df61f531bfbaf06b69e2078b0999e3a3129555f6", "start_char": 8926, "end_char": 9841, "text_sha256": "0bc6daa528aab341fb9d91dc543811ba24f7f8e904f084c085bafc1d4093113e", "text_characters": 915} [mn-clin-stamelou2012] Dystonia with brain manganese accumulation resulting from SLC30A10 mutations: a new treatable disorder. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926781/ DOI: 10.1002/mds.25138

availability_state

biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Zinc (affected_nutrient); Manganese (target_of_treatment)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/stamelou2012.txt", "locator": "Clinical description; zinc fell during chelation", "file_sha256": "5d86a26fe564508fb382d1c8df61f531bfbaf06b69e2078b0999e3a3129555f6", "start_char": 9745, "end_char": 9841, "text_sha256": "7ef45c204f1cf372e58dcedb502d4047ace972fd9321bd2af7ccbda75d349439", "text_characters": 96}

experimental_model

Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient

exposure

Calcium disodium edetate chelation; subsequent increase in chelation frequency and addition of oral ferrous fumarate.

limitations

Repeated observations in one previously described patient. Combined treatment changes prevent attribution of later benefit to iron alone; disease-specific treatment is not routine nutrient replacement.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Treatment aimed at manganese also lowered another essential mineral.

primary_references

[mn-clin-stamelou2012] Dystonia with brain manganese accumulation resulting from SLC30A10 mutations: a new treatable disorder. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926781/ DOI: 10.1002/mds.25138

tissue_or_cell_type

Urine, blood, brain MRI and motor function

trigger_kind

biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1300–1312

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-chelation-zinc-loss Zinc concentration fell during chelation and zinc sulfate was added. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Treatment aimed at manganese also lowered another essential mineral. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Urine, blood, brain MRI and motor function experimental_model: Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient limitations: Repeated observations in one previously described patient. Combined treatment changes prevent attribution of later benefit to iron alone; disease-specific treatment is not routine nutrient replacement. exposure: Calcium disodium edetate chelation; subsequent increase in chelation frequency and addition of oral ferrous fumarate. cross_nutrient: Zinc (affected_nutrient); Manganese (target_of_treatment) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/stamelou2012.txt", "locator": "Clinical description; zinc fell during chelation", "file_sha256": "5d86a26fe564508fb382d1c8df61f531bfbaf06b69e2078b0999e3a3129555f6", "start_char": 9745, "end_char": 9841, "text_sha256": "7ef45c204f1cf372e58dcedb502d4047ace972fd9321bd2af7ccbda75d349439", "text_characters": 96} [mn-clin-stamelou2012] Dystonia with brain manganese accumulation resulting from SLC30A10 mutations: a new treatable disorder. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926781/ DOI: 10.1002/mds.25138

availability_state

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Ferrous fumarate (added_treatment); Calcium disodium edetate (concurrent_treatment); Iron (interacting_nutrient); Manganese (affected_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/stamelou2012.txt", "locator": "Clinical description; age 15–16 treatment changes", "file_sha256": "5d86a26fe564508fb382d1c8df61f531bfbaf06b69e2078b0999e3a3129555f6", "start_char": 9842, "end_char": 10521, "text_sha256": "2da91cbaa297984ac1c90caf8701ce0a3f9a633b806ef4fff178b6ecc46c8aa1", "text_characters": 679}

experimental_model

Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient

exposure

Calcium disodium edetate chelation; subsequent increase in chelation frequency and addition of oral ferrous fumarate.

limitations

Repeated observations in one previously described patient. Combined treatment changes prevent attribution of later benefit to iron alone; disease-specific treatment is not routine nutrient replacement.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The combined regimen affected both manganese removal and iron status.

primary_references

[mn-clin-stamelou2012] Dystonia with brain manganese accumulation resulting from SLC30A10 mutations: a new treatable disorder. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926781/ DOI: 10.1002/mds.25138

tissue_or_cell_type

Urine, blood, brain MRI and motor function

trigger_kind

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1314–1326

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-iron-chelation-combination After more frequent chelation and added ferrous fumarate, blood manganese, MRI and liver findings improved; later iron dosing was reduced after serum iron rose excessively. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The combined regimen affected both manganese removal and iron status. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Urine, blood, brain MRI and motor function experimental_model: Ten-year longitudinal report of one SLC30A10 patient limitations: Repeated observations in one previously described patient. Combined treatment changes prevent attribution of later benefit to iron alone; disease-specific treatment is not routine nutrient replacement. exposure: Calcium disodium edetate chelation; subsequent increase in chelation frequency and addition of oral ferrous fumarate. cross_nutrient: Ferrous fumarate (added_treatment); Calcium disodium edetate (concurrent_treatment); Iron (interacting_nutrient); Manganese (affected_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/stamelou2012.txt", "locator": "Clinical description; age 15–16 treatment changes", "file_sha256": "5d86a26fe564508fb382d1c8df61f531bfbaf06b69e2078b0999e3a3129555f6", "start_char": 9842, "end_char": 10521, "text_sha256": "2da91cbaa297984ac1c90caf8701ce0a3f9a633b806ef4fff178b6ecc46c8aa1", "text_characters": 679} [mn-clin-stamelou2012] Dystonia with brain manganese accumulation resulting from SLC30A10 mutations: a new treatable disorder. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926781/ DOI: 10.1002/mds.25138

availability_state

biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Iron (interacting_nutrient); Manganese (absorbed_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/finley1999.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1731, "text_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "text_characters": 1731}

experimental_model

Crossover isotope study in 26 healthy young women

exposure

Eleven women with serum ferritin >50 micrograms/L and 15 with <15 micrograms/L; diets at 0.7 or 9.5 mg Mn/day for 60 days each.

limitations

Ferritin defines the comparison groups, not cellular manganese deficiency. Retention and absorption are separate measurements; the study does not identify a specific transporter as their cause.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The amount of manganese absorbed depended partly on iron stores.

primary_references

[mn-clin-finley1999] Manganese absorption and retention by young women is associated with serum ferritin concentration. (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10393136/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.1.37

tissue_or_cell_type

Gut, whole-body tracer retention and blood

trigger_kind

biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 978–990

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Crossover isotope study in 26 healthy young women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-iron-stores-absorption Manganese absorption was greatest in the low-ferritin group on the low-manganese diet and lowest in the high-ferritin group. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The amount of manganese absorbed depended partly on iron stores. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Gut, whole-body tracer retention and blood experimental_model: Crossover isotope study in 26 healthy young women limitations: Ferritin defines the comparison groups, not cellular manganese deficiency. Retention and absorption are separate measurements; the study does not identify a specific transporter as their cause. exposure: Eleven women with serum ferritin >50 micrograms/L and 15 with <15 micrograms/L; diets at 0.7 or 9.5 mg Mn/day for 60 days each. cross_nutrient: Iron (interacting_nutrient); Manganese (absorbed_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/finley1999.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1731, "text_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "text_characters": 1731} [mn-clin-finley1999] Manganese absorption and retention by young women is associated with serum ferritin concentration. (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10393136/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.1.37

availability_state

biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Iron (interacting_nutrient); Manganese (retained_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/finley1999.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1731, "text_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "text_characters": 1731}

experimental_model

Crossover isotope study in 26 healthy young women

exposure

Eleven women with serum ferritin >50 micrograms/L and 15 with <15 micrograms/L; diets at 0.7 or 9.5 mg Mn/day for 60 days each.

limitations

Ferritin defines the comparison groups, not cellular manganese deficiency. Retention and absorption are separate measurements; the study does not identify a specific transporter as their cause.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Absorbing manganese and keeping it are separately regulated.

primary_references

[mn-clin-finley1999] Manganese absorption and retention by young women is associated with serum ferritin concentration. (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10393136/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.1.37

tissue_or_cell_type

Gut, whole-body tracer retention and blood

trigger_kind

biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 992–1004

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Crossover isotope study in 26 healthy young women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-iron-stores-retention Tracer half-life was longest with high ferritin and low manganese intake, and shortest during the high-manganese diets. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Absorbing manganese and keeping it are separately regulated. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Gut, whole-body tracer retention and blood experimental_model: Crossover isotope study in 26 healthy young women limitations: Ferritin defines the comparison groups, not cellular manganese deficiency. Retention and absorption are separate measurements; the study does not identify a specific transporter as their cause. exposure: Eleven women with serum ferritin >50 micrograms/L and 15 with <15 micrograms/L; diets at 0.7 or 9.5 mg Mn/day for 60 days each. cross_nutrient: Iron (interacting_nutrient); Manganese (retained_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/finley1999.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1731, "text_sha256": "3ec791f205459093fec1dfac522bbb6241aa1199894886be9c64d4c2eb2b97d7", "text_characters": 1731} [mn-clin-finley1999] Manganese absorption and retention by young women is associated with serum ferritin concentration. (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10393136/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.1.37

cross_nutrient

Manganese (absorbed_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912}

experimental_model

Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults

exposure

Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions.

limitations

These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Calcium changed manganese uptake in this particular meal.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

tissue_or_cell_type

Intestinal absorption

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1020–1032

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-meal-calcium Adding calcium to the human-milk test meal reduced manganese absorption in adults. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Calcium changed manganese uptake in this particular meal. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Intestinal absorption experimental_model: Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults limitations: These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows. exposure: Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions. cross_nutrient: Manganese (absorbed_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912} [mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

cross_nutrient

Inorganic phosphate (Pi; protonation depends on pH) (tested_addition); L-Ascorbate (tested_addition); Manganese (measured_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912}

experimental_model

Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults

exposure

Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions.

limitations

These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The tested additions had no detectable effect in this formula matrix.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

tissue_or_cell_type

Intestinal absorption

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1062–1074

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-meal-formula-additions Adding phytate, phosphate or ascorbic acid to the formula test meals did not significantly alter manganese absorption in adults. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The tested additions had no detectable effect in this formula matrix. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Intestinal absorption experimental_model: Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults limitations: These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows. exposure: Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions. cross_nutrient: Inorganic phosphate (Pi; protonation depends on pH) (tested_addition); L-Ascorbate (tested_addition); Manganese (measured_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912} [mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

cross_nutrient

Manganese (measured_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912}

experimental_model

Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults

exposure

Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions.

limitations

These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

An iron interaction was not detected in every meal.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

tissue_or_cell_type

Intestinal absorption

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1034–1046

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-meal-iron Iron added to the wheat-bread test meal did not significantly change manganese absorption. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: An iron interaction was not detected in every meal. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Intestinal absorption experimental_model: Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults limitations: These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows. exposure: Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions. cross_nutrient: Manganese (measured_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912} [mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

cross_nutrient

Manganese (measured_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912}

experimental_model

Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults

exposure

Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions.

limitations

These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Magnesium did not inhibit manganese uptake in this bread experiment.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

tissue_or_cell_type

Intestinal absorption

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1048–1060

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-meal-magnesium Magnesium added to the wheat-bread test meal did not significantly change manganese absorption. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Magnesium did not inhibit manganese uptake in this bread experiment. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Intestinal absorption experimental_model: Paired radiotracer test-meal study in adults limitations: These were adult experiments even when milk or infant formula was the matrix. Added amounts were not independently verified from the indexed abstract; no universal interaction or spacing rule follows. exposure: Human milk, infant formula and wheat bread used as adult test meals; individual mineral and dietary-component additions. cross_nutrient: Manganese (measured_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davidsson1991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "7570e2285532eac2292b252a3813f1be97b46d68529a4d4150a88b4f9038676a", "text_characters": 912} [mn-clin-davidsson1991] The effect of individual dietary components on manganese absorption in humans. (1991). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1957822/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1065

cross_nutrient

Heme iron (comparison_form); Serum manganese concentration (associated_endpoint); Urinary manganese excretion (associated_endpoint); Manganese (affected_nutrient); Iron (associated_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davis1992b.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "8542f3e0bd8f5903e6ce9e30fba2a6d7797a822ab1aeeab992659ba482533102", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1172, "text_sha256": "8542f3e0bd8f5903e6ce9e30fba2a6d7797a822ab1aeeab992659ba482533102", "text_characters": 1172}

experimental_model

Dietary association analysis in 47 women consuming usual diets

exposure

Comparisons of manganese, heme-iron and nonheme-iron intake.

limitations

Observational food-pattern associations cannot isolate a transporter or iron itself from correlated dietary factors. This may analyze participants related to the companion supplementation report; papers are not independent trials.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Food form and the rest of the diet changed the observed iron–manganese relationship.

primary_references

[mn-clin-davis1992b] Interactions among dietary manganese, heme iron, and nonheme iron in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1415012/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/56.5.926

tissue_or_cell_type

Serum, urine and lymphocyte enzymes

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1160–1172

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Dietary association analysis in 47 women consuming usual diets · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-nonheme-association Higher nonheme-iron intake was associated with lower serum and urinary manganese and lymphocyte MnSOD activity; heme-iron intake showed no consistent manganese pattern. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Food form and the rest of the diet changed the observed iron–manganese relationship. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Serum, urine and lymphocyte enzymes experimental_model: Dietary association analysis in 47 women consuming usual diets limitations: Observational food-pattern associations cannot isolate a transporter or iron itself from correlated dietary factors. This may analyze participants related to the companion supplementation report; papers are not independent trials. exposure: Comparisons of manganese, heme-iron and nonheme-iron intake. cross_nutrient: Heme iron (comparison_form); Serum manganese concentration (associated_endpoint); Urinary manganese excretion (associated_endpoint); Manganese (affected_nutrient); Iron (associated_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/davis1992b.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "8542f3e0bd8f5903e6ce9e30fba2a6d7797a822ab1aeeab992659ba482533102", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1172, "text_sha256": "8542f3e0bd8f5903e6ce9e30fba2a6d7797a822ab1aeeab992659ba482533102", "text_characters": 1172} [mn-clin-davis1992b] Interactions among dietary manganese, heme iron, and nonheme iron in women. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1415012/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/56.5.926

cross_nutrient

Whole-blood manganese concentration (correlated_marker); Manganese (administered_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/takagi2001.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1726, "text_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "text_characters": 1726}

experimental_model

On-off manganese study in 11 adults on home parenteral nutrition

exposure

Parenteral nutrition containing 0 or 20 micromoles Mn/day; serial blood and MRI measurements.

limitations

Intravenous exposure bypasses intestinal regulation. T1-weighted signal is a deposition-related marker, not by itself proof of neurological disability or a general dietary threshold.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Blood and brain imaging responded together under this intravenous exposure.

primary_references

[mn-clin-takagi2001] On-off study of manganese administration to adult patients undergoing home parenteral nutrition: new indices of in vivo manganese level. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11284475/ DOI: 10.1177/014860710102500287

tissue_or_cell_type

Whole blood and brain MRI

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1328–1340

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · On-off manganese study in 11 adults on home parenteral nutrition · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-parenteral-marker-response Whole-blood manganese and pallidal T1-weighted MRI signal changed with manganese administration and withdrawal; their correlation was r=0.7693. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Blood and brain imaging responded together under this intravenous exposure. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Whole blood and brain MRI experimental_model: On-off manganese study in 11 adults on home parenteral nutrition limitations: Intravenous exposure bypasses intestinal regulation. T1-weighted signal is a deposition-related marker, not by itself proof of neurological disability or a general dietary threshold. exposure: Parenteral nutrition containing 0 or 20 micromoles Mn/day; serial blood and MRI measurements. cross_nutrient: Whole-blood manganese concentration (correlated_marker); Manganese (administered_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/takagi2001.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1726, "text_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "text_characters": 1726} [mn-clin-takagi2001] On-off study of manganese administration to adult patients undergoing home parenteral nutrition: new indices of in vivo manganese level. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11284475/ DOI: 10.1177/014860710102500287

cross_nutrient

Manganese (withdrawn_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/takagi2001.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1726, "text_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "text_characters": 1726}

experimental_model

On-off manganese study in 11 adults on home parenteral nutrition

exposure

Parenteral nutrition containing 0 or 20 micromoles Mn/day; serial blood and MRI measurements.

limitations

Intravenous exposure bypasses intestinal regulation. T1-weighted signal is a deposition-related marker, not by itself proof of neurological disability or a general dietary threshold.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

A brain exposure marker could take months to return toward normal.

primary_references

[mn-clin-takagi2001] On-off study of manganese administration to adult patients undergoing home parenteral nutrition: new indices of in vivo manganese level. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11284475/ DOI: 10.1177/014860710102500287

tissue_or_cell_type

Whole blood and brain MRI

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1342–1354

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · On-off manganese study in 11 adults on home parenteral nutrition · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-parenteral-mri-recovery The increased T1-weighted signal took at least five months to disappear after manganese withdrawal. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A brain exposure marker could take months to return toward normal. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Whole blood and brain MRI experimental_model: On-off manganese study in 11 adults on home parenteral nutrition limitations: Intravenous exposure bypasses intestinal regulation. T1-weighted signal is a deposition-related marker, not by itself proof of neurological disability or a general dietary threshold. exposure: Parenteral nutrition containing 0 or 20 micromoles Mn/day; serial blood and MRI measurements. cross_nutrient: Manganese (withdrawn_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/takagi2001.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1726, "text_sha256": "e5336a20271762ff7375cfe777c71c9b721c68bc47ae09e9a36b8eaac2953b8c", "text_characters": 1726} [mn-clin-takagi2001] On-off study of manganese administration to adult patients undergoing home parenteral nutrition: new indices of in vivo manganese level. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11284475/ DOI: 10.1177/014860710102500287

availability_state

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Hepatic manganese accumulation (affected_site); Polycythemia (associated_endpoint); Manganese (accumulated_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/tuschl2012.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "2f9189a6c46181f8b859a3e9815440d331870e6e4d78035218de33c46fa92e49", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1389, "text_sha256": "2f9189a6c46181f8b859a3e9815440d331870e6e4d78035218de33c46fa92e49", "text_characters": 1389}

experimental_model

Genetic study of eight families with inherited hypermanganesemia

exposure

Homozygous SLC30A10 changes in affected individuals without environmental overexposure.

limitations

Clinical phenotype varies among individuals. The 2016 correction changes the family A deletion in Figure 1 to exons 3 and 4; it is an author correction, not a scientific conflict.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Failure of manganese handling can produce excess manganese rather than shortage.

primary_references

[mn-clin-tuschl2012] Syndrome of hepatic cirrhosis, dystonia, polycythemia, and hypermanganesemia caused by mutations in SLC30A10, a manganese transporter in man. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22341972/ DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.01.018

tissue_or_cell_type

Brain, liver and blood

trigger_kind

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1258–1270

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Genetic study of eight families with inherited hypermanganesemia · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-slc30a10-patient-accumulation Inherited SLC30A10 dysfunction caused manganese accumulation with dystonia, polycythemia and variable hepatic involvement. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Failure of manganese handling can produce excess manganese rather than shortage. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Brain, liver and blood experimental_model: Genetic study of eight families with inherited hypermanganesemia limitations: Clinical phenotype varies among individuals. The 2016 correction changes the family A deletion in Figure 1 to exons 3 and 4; it is an author correction, not a scientific conflict. exposure: Homozygous SLC30A10 changes in affected individuals without environmental overexposure. cross_nutrient: Hepatic manganese accumulation (affected_site); Polycythemia (associated_endpoint); Manganese (accumulated_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/tuschl2012.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "2f9189a6c46181f8b859a3e9815440d331870e6e4d78035218de33c46fa92e49", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1389, "text_sha256": "2f9189a6c46181f8b859a3e9815440d331870e6e4d78035218de33c46fa92e49", "text_characters": 1389} [mn-clin-tuschl2012] Syndrome of hepatic cirrhosis, dystonia, polycythemia, and hypermanganesemia caused by mutations in SLC30A10, a manganese transporter in man. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22341972/ DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.01.018

availability_state

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Human ZIP8 (SLC39A8) (affected_protein); Manganese (administered_element)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/park2018.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "30cd68e96efec971f2e431d24f5b2a45c680ce0b5efe572e30d76aee758563f5", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1522, "text_sha256": "30cd68e96efec971f2e431d24f5b2a45c680ce0b5efe572e30d76aee758563f5", "text_characters": 1522}

experimental_model

Manganese treatment report in two patients with SLC39A8 deficiency

exposure

15 and 20 mg MnSO4/kg body weight/day as reported in the indexed abstract, with blood manganese, glycosylation and MRI monitoring.

limitations

Amounts describe manganese sulfate mass, not elemental manganese. Hydration state is not verified from this abstract, so no elemental conversion is made. Small uncontrolled rare-disease series; follow-up of previously described disease, not a general supplementation trial.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

Supplying manganese improved the measured biochemical abnormalities in these patients.

primary_references

[mn-clin-park2018] SLC39A8 deficiency: biochemical correction and major clinical improvement by manganese therapy. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28749473/ DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.106

tissue_or_cell_type

Biochemical and neurological outcomes

trigger_kind

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1188–1200

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Manganese treatment report in two patients with SLC39A8 deficiency · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-clin-zip8-manganese-biochemical Manganese sulfate treatment corrected the measured biochemical dysfunctions, including glycosylation, in the two SLC39A8-deficient patients. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Supplying manganese improved the measured biochemical abnormalities in these patients. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Biochemical and neurological outcomes experimental_model: Manganese treatment report in two patients with SLC39A8 deficiency limitations: Amounts describe manganese sulfate mass, not elemental manganese. Hydration state is not verified from this abstract, so no elemental conversion is made. Small uncontrolled rare-disease series; follow-up of previously described disease, not a general supplementation trial. exposure: 15 and 20 mg MnSO4/kg body weight/day as reported in the indexed abstract, with blood manganese, glycosylation and MRI monitoring. cross_nutrient: Human ZIP8 (SLC39A8) (affected_protein); Manganese (administered_element) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-clinical-sources/park2018.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "30cd68e96efec971f2e431d24f5b2a45c680ce0b5efe572e30d76aee758563f5", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1522, "text_sha256": "30cd68e96efec971f2e431d24f5b2a45c680ce0b5efe572e30d76aee758563f5", "text_characters": 1522} [mn-clin-park2018] SLC39A8 deficiency: biochemical correction and major clinical improvement by manganese therapy. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28749473/ DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.106

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Mg depletion reduced Mn status in this rat dietary model.

experimental_model

Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats assigned Mg-deficient or control diets for two weeks

exposure

Mg-deficient versus normal synthetic diet for two weeks, starting at three weeks of age.

limitations

Dietary Mg perturbation; association of Mn with PC does not isolate Mn as causal mediator.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Rattus norvegicus

plain_language

Magnesium depletion changed manganese status in rats.

primary_references

[mn-enz-8773758] Tissue manganese levels and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity in magnesium-deficient rats. (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8773758/ DOI: 10.1007/bf02789459

tissue_or_cell_type

Liver crude mitochondrial fraction; tissues and plasma

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 672–683

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats assigned Mg-deficient or control diets for two weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-enz-mg-depletion-mn-status Mg-depleted rats had lower manganese concentrations in plasma and every sampled tissue except adrenal glands and blood. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Magnesium depletion changed manganese status in rats. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: Liver crude mitochondrial fraction; tissues and plasma experimental_model: Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats assigned Mg-deficient or control diets for two weeks limitations: Dietary Mg perturbation; association of Mn with PC does not isolate Mn as causal mediator. exposure: Mg-deficient versus normal synthetic diet for two weeks, starting at three weeks of age. cross_nutrient: Mg depletion reduced Mn status in this rat dietary model. [mn-enz-8773758] Tissue manganese levels and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity in magnesium-deficient rats. (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8773758/ DOI: 10.1007/bf02789459

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Mg–Mn association with PC function; no demonstration of Mn-mediated rescue.

experimental_model

Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats assigned Mg-deficient or control diets for two weeks

exposure

Mg-deficient versus normal synthetic diet for two weeks, starting at three weeks of age.

limitations

Correlation does not establish direct Mn causation. No human PC metal requirement or biotin-rescue claim is inferred.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Rattus norvegicus

plain_language

Lower PC activity accompanied the altered manganese status during rat magnesium depletion.

primary_references

[mn-enz-8773758] Tissue manganese levels and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity in magnesium-deficient rats. (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8773758/ DOI: 10.1007/bf02789459

tissue_or_cell_type

Liver crude mitochondrial fraction; tissues and plasma

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 685–696

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats assigned Mg-deficient or control diets for two weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-enz-mg-depletion-pc Mg depletion decreased liver crude-mitochondrial pyruvate-carboxylase activity; activity correlated positively with liver Mn concentration. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Lower PC activity accompanied the altered manganese status during rat magnesium depletion. organism: Rattus norvegicus tissue_or_cell_type: Liver crude mitochondrial fraction; tissues and plasma experimental_model: Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats assigned Mg-deficient or control diets for two weeks limitations: Correlation does not establish direct Mn causation. No human PC metal requirement or biotin-rescue claim is inferred. exposure: Mg-deficient versus normal synthetic diet for two weeks, starting at three weeks of age. cross_nutrient: Mg–Mn association with PC function; no demonstration of Mn-mediated rescue. [mn-enz-8773758] Tissue manganese levels and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity in magnesium-deficient rats. (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8773758/ DOI: 10.1007/bf02789459

availability_state

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

Mouse TMEM165 (affected_protein); Milk calcium normalized to protein (measured_endpoint); Calcium (affected_nutrient); Manganese (affected_nutrient)

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-glycosylation-sources/milk2019.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "88bcb50ecdb918803c5950bcff8f48665dbd17148b365a4f9f3b463fe7edd2a4", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1462, "text_sha256": "88bcb50ecdb918803c5950bcff8f48665dbd17148b365a4f9f3b463fe7edd2a4", "text_characters": 1462}

experimental_model

Conditional mammary epithelial Tmem165 deletion in mice

exposure

Tissue-specific deletion with milk composition and pup-growth measurements.

limitations

The primary abstract supports normalized milk minerals and reduced lactose; altered concentration can reflect less milk dilution. Proposed cation/H+ exchange is an interpretation, not a transport stoichiometry measured here.

nutrient_topic

Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Manganese

organism

Mus musculus

plain_language

The defect changed milk manganese and calcium relative to its protein content.

primary_references

[mn-gly-milk2019] Milk biosynthesis requires the Golgi cation exchanger TMEM165. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30622138/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006270

tissue_or_cell_type

Lactating mammary gland and milk

trigger_kind

machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

Manganese: enzyme cofactors, glycosylation, transport and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 894–906

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Conditional mammary epithelial Tmem165 deletion in mice · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### mn-gly-mammary-minerals After normalization to milk protein, calcium and manganese were lower in milk from Tmem165-deficient dams. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The defect changed milk manganese and calcium relative to its protein content. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Lactating mammary gland and milk experimental_model: Conditional mammary epithelial Tmem165 deletion in mice limitations: The primary abstract supports normalized milk minerals and reduced lactose; altered concentration can reflect less milk dilution. Proposed cation/H+ exchange is an interpretation, not a transport stoichiometry measured here. exposure: Tissue-specific deletion with milk composition and pup-growth measurements. cross_nutrient: Mouse TMEM165 (affected_protein); Milk calcium normalized to protein (measured_endpoint); Calcium (affected_nutrient); Manganese (affected_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/manganese-glycosylation-sources/milk2019.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "88bcb50ecdb918803c5950bcff8f48665dbd17148b365a4f9f3b463fe7edd2a4", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1462, "text_sha256": "88bcb50ecdb918803c5950bcff8f48665dbd17148b365a4f9f3b463fe7edd2a4", "text_characters": 1462} [mn-gly-milk2019] Milk biosynthesis requires the Golgi cation exchanger TMEM165. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30622138/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006270