Lactoperoxidase enzyme family

experimental_model

Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

The oxidized iodine product was observed structurally.

primary_references

Structural evidence of the oxidation of iodide ion into hyper-reactive hypoiodite ion by mammalian heme lactoperoxidase. · 2022 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34761444/ · DOI 10.1002/pro.4230

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 232–238

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-product The oxidized iodine product was observed structurally. Peroxide-preincubated LPO exposed to iodide yielded a crystal complex containing hypoiodite in its substrate channel. Model: Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. Limitations: Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness. Evidence location: Primary abstract Structural evidence of the oxidation of iodide ion into hyper-reactive hypoiodite ion by mammalian heme lactoperoxidase. · 2022 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34761444/ · DOI 10.1002/pro.4230

experimental_model

Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Iron-containing heme positions peroxide in the enzyme.

primary_references

Structure of a ternary complex of lactoperoxidase with iodide and hydrogen peroxide at 1.77 Å resolution. · 2021 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33882424/ · DOI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111461

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 216–222

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-heme Iron-containing heme positions peroxide in the enzyme. The LPO structure contains covalently attached heme; peroxide sits between its iron and distal His109. Model: Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. Limitations: Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness. Evidence location: Primary abstract Structure of a ternary complex of lactoperoxidase with iodide and hydrogen peroxide at 1.77 Å resolution. · 2021 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33882424/ · DOI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111461

experimental_model

Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Culture antiviral activity and human secretion measurements do not establish prevention or treatment of human infection.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Changing the enzyme substrate changed antiviral activity.

primary_references

Enhancement of respiratory mucosal antiviral defenses by the oxidation of iodide. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21441383/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0329oc

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 72–78

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-air-adeno Changing the enzyme substrate changed antiviral activity. Replacing thiocyanate with iodide in the LPO/H2O2 system reduced adenovirus transduction. Model: Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms. Limitations: Culture antiviral activity and human secretion measurements do not establish prevention or treatment of human infection. Evidence location: Primary abstract Enhancement of respiratory mucosal antiviral defenses by the oxidation of iodide. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21441383/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0329oc

experimental_model

Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Culture antiviral activity and human secretion measurements do not establish prevention or treatment of human infection.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Airway cells supplied the oxidant needed by the enzyme.

primary_references

Enhancement of respiratory mucosal antiviral defenses by the oxidation of iodide. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21441383/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0329oc

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 88–94

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-air-peroxide Airway cells supplied the oxidant needed by the enzyme. Differentiated airway epithelia supplied sufficient peroxide for antiviral activity when LPO and iodide were added. Model: Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms. Limitations: Culture antiviral activity and human secretion measurements do not establish prevention or treatment of human infection. Evidence location: Primary abstract Enhancement of respiratory mucosal antiviral defenses by the oxidation of iodide. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21441383/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0329oc

experimental_model

Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Culture antiviral activity and human secretion measurements do not establish prevention or treatment of human infection.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Iodide and thiocyanate were not interchangeable against these viruses.

primary_references

Enhancement of respiratory mucosal antiviral defenses by the oxidation of iodide. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21441383/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0329oc

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 80–86

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-air-rsv Iodide and thiocyanate were not interchangeable against these viruses. The LPO/iodide/H2O2 system reduced RSV titre; the tested thiocyanate system did not inactivate RSV or adenovirus. Model: Primary airway epithelial cultures and human oral-KI exposure; separate experimental arms. Limitations: Culture antiviral activity and human secretion measurements do not establish prevention or treatment of human infection. Evidence location: Primary abstract Enhancement of respiratory mucosal antiviral defenses by the oxidation of iodide. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21441383/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0329oc

experimental_model

Purified biochemical reaction; GSH measured by amperometric titration.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

No demonstration that ordinary KI intake depletes human glutathione.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

This iodine chemistry can consume glutathione in a test system.

primary_references

Free radical generation and coupled thiol oxidation by lactoperoxidase/SCN-/H2O2. · 1992 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1324202/ · DOI 10.1016/0891-5849(92)90014-8

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 248–254

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified biochemical reaction; GSH measured by amperometric titration. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-gsh This iodine chemistry can consume glutathione in a test system. Iodide substituted for thiocyanate in LPO/H2O2-dependent glutathione oxidation; chloride and bromide were ineffective substitutes. Model: Purified biochemical reaction; GSH measured by amperometric titration. Limitations: No demonstration that ordinary KI intake depletes human glutathione. Evidence location: Primary abstract Free radical generation and coupled thiol oxidation by lactoperoxidase/SCN-/H2O2. · 1992 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1324202/ · DOI 10.1016/0891-5849(92)90014-8

experimental_model

Newborn and three-week-old lamb RSV experiments; oral KI given by intragastric gavage.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Animal disease model; no human antiviral efficacy established. LPO inhibition supports pathway involvement, not an exclusively LPO mechanism.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Blocking the enzyme weakened protection.

primary_references

Increased concentration of iodide in airway secretions is associated with reduced respiratory syncytial virus disease severity. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24053146/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0529oc

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 120–126

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Newborn and three-week-old lamb RSV experiments; oral KI given by intragastric gavage. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lamb-lpo-block Blocking the enzyme weakened protection. Inhibiting LPO activity increased lung lesions, RSV mRNA and antigen in the lamb experiment. Model: Newborn and three-week-old lamb RSV experiments; oral KI given by intragastric gavage. Limitations: Animal disease model; no human antiviral efficacy established. LPO inhibition supports pathway involvement, not an exclusively LPO mechanism. Evidence location: Primary abstract Increased concentration of iodide in airway secretions is associated with reduced respiratory syncytial virus disease severity. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24053146/ · DOI 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0529oc

experimental_model

Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Purified enzyme kinetics; concentrations, substrate competition and reaction order determine relevance in tissues.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Peroxide activates the enzyme before iodide oxidation.

primary_references

Reaction of lactoperoxidase compound I with halides and thiocyanate. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269834/ · DOI 10.1021/bi026326x

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 184–190

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-activate Peroxide activates the enzyme before iodide oxidation. H2O2 formed LPO compound I with second-order rate constant (1.1 ± 0.1) × 10^7 M−1 s−1. Model: Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract. Limitations: Purified enzyme kinetics; concentrations, substrate competition and reaction order determine relevance in tissues. Evidence location: Primary abstract Reaction of lactoperoxidase compound I with halides and thiocyanate. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269834/ · DOI 10.1021/bi026326x

experimental_model

Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

The enzyme product can limit further enzyme activity.

primary_references

Structural evidence of the oxidation of iodide ion into hyper-reactive hypoiodite ion by mammalian heme lactoperoxidase. · 2022 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34761444/ · DOI 10.1002/pro.4230

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 240–246

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-feedback The enzyme product can limit further enzyme activity. Hypoiodite occupied the distal heme cavity; ABTS activity experiments supported product inhibition. Model: Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. Limitations: Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness. Evidence location: Primary abstract Structural evidence of the oxidation of iodide ion into hyper-reactive hypoiodite ion by mammalian heme lactoperoxidase. · 2022 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34761444/ · DOI 10.1002/pro.4230

experimental_model

Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Purified enzyme kinetics; concentrations, substrate competition and reaction order determine relevance in tissues.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Iodide supplies electrons to activated lactoperoxidase.

primary_references

Reaction of lactoperoxidase compound I with halides and thiocyanate. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269834/ · DOI 10.1021/bi026326x

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 192–198

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-iodide Iodide supplies electrons to activated lactoperoxidase. Iodide reduced LPO compound I to native enzyme at (1.2 ± 0.04) × 10^8 M−1 s−1. Model: Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract. Limitations: Purified enzyme kinetics; concentrations, substrate competition and reaction order determine relevance in tissues. Evidence location: Primary abstract Reaction of lactoperoxidase compound I with halides and thiocyanate. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269834/ · DOI 10.1021/bi026326x

experimental_model

Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Purified enzyme kinetics; concentrations, substrate competition and reaction order determine relevance in tissues.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Thiocyanate is another rapidly reacting substrate.

primary_references

Reaction of lactoperoxidase compound I with halides and thiocyanate. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269834/ · DOI 10.1021/bi026326x

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 200–206

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-scn Thiocyanate is another rapidly reacting substrate. Thiocyanate reacted with LPO compound I at 2.0 × 10^8 M−1 s−1. Model: Purified LPO transient kinetics; pH 7, 15 °C; preparation species unresolved in abstract. Limitations: Purified enzyme kinetics; concentrations, substrate competition and reaction order determine relevance in tissues. Evidence location: Primary abstract Reaction of lactoperoxidase compound I with halides and thiocyanate. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269834/ · DOI 10.1021/bi026326x

experimental_model

Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

Iodide can inhibit the enzyme under a different order of exposure.

primary_references

Structure of a ternary complex of lactoperoxidase with iodide and hydrogen peroxide at 1.77 Å resolution. · 2021 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33882424/ · DOI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111461

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 224–230

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-lpo-substrate-block Iodide can inhibit the enzyme under a different order of exposure. Preincubating LPO with ammonium iodide decreased measured catalytic activity and stabilized a peroxide–iodide ternary complex. Model: Purified LPO crystallography and activity assays; ammonium iodide supplied the anion, not KI. Limitations: Structural/biochemical model; enzyme species not assigned from abstract. Cofactor chemistry does not establish dietary iron responsiveness. Evidence location: Primary abstract Structure of a ternary complex of lactoperoxidase with iodide and hydrogen peroxide at 1.77 Å resolution. · 2021 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33882424/ · DOI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111461

experimental_model

Cell-free LPO/H2O2 reactions with nicotinamide nucleotides.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Chemical oxidation is not evidence that supplementation drains niacin in vivo; the authors expected thiocyanate oxidation to predominate in milk/saliva.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

The NADH reaction did not simply regenerate normal NAD+.

primary_references

The oxidation of reduced nicotinamide nucleotides by hydrogen peroside in the presence of lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate, iodide or bromide. · 1970 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4317722/ · DOI 10.1042/bj1170791

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AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cell-free LPO/H2O2 reactions with nicotinamide nucleotides. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-nadh The NADH reaction did not simply regenerate normal NAD+. LPO/H2O2/iodide oxidized NADH to a product chemically distinct from NAD+, unlike the thiocyanate and bromide systems. Model: Cell-free LPO/H2O2 reactions with nicotinamide nucleotides. Limitations: Chemical oxidation is not evidence that supplementation drains niacin in vivo; the authors expected thiocyanate oxidation to predominate in milk/saliva. Evidence location: Primary abstract The oxidation of reduced nicotinamide nucleotides by hydrogen peroside in the presence of lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate, iodide or bromide. · 1970 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4317722/ · DOI 10.1042/bj1170791

experimental_model

Cell-free LPO/H2O2 reactions with nicotinamide nucleotides.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Chemical oxidation is not evidence that supplementation drains niacin in vivo; the authors expected thiocyanate oxidation to predominate in milk/saliva.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

The chemistry also reaches the NADPH reducing pool.

primary_references

The oxidation of reduced nicotinamide nucleotides by hydrogen peroside in the presence of lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate, iodide or bromide. · 1970 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4317722/ · DOI 10.1042/bj1170791

Potassium iodide: thyroid and non-thyroid mechanisms, interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 264–270

AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cell-free LPO/H2O2 reactions with nicotinamide nucleotides. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-nadph The chemistry also reaches the NADPH reducing pool. NADPH was also oxidized under the LPO/H2O2/iodide conditions. Model: Cell-free LPO/H2O2 reactions with nicotinamide nucleotides. Limitations: Chemical oxidation is not evidence that supplementation drains niacin in vivo; the authors expected thiocyanate oxidation to predominate in milk/saliva. Evidence location: Primary abstract The oxidation of reduced nicotinamide nucleotides by hydrogen peroside in the presence of lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate, iodide or bromide. · 1970 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4317722/ · DOI 10.1042/bj1170791

experimental_model

Paired saliva measurements in 40 coronary-angiography patients exposed to iodinated contrast.

exposure_category

Study-specific exposure, including pharmacological and in-vitro conditions; normal is the schema fallback outside the three availability categories.

limitations

Contrast exposure is not oral KI; observational chemistry endpoints do not establish infection prevention or a safe effective supplement dose.

nutrient_topic

Potassium iodide research collection; shared-anion and comparator studies are not all KI interventions. · Potassium iodide

plain_language

The saliva contained more of an oxidized iodine species.

primary_references

Excess iodine exposure acutely increases salivary iodide and antimicrobial hypoiodous acid concentrations in humans. · 2022 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36463312/ · DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-23803-8

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AI-assisted research curation; primary-study references, chemical references and label statements individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Paired saliva measurements in 40 coronary-angiography patients exposed to iodinated contrast. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

## ki-saliva-hoi The saliva contained more of an oxidized iodine species. Salivary hypoiodous acid increased after contrast exposure and its change correlated with iodine load. Model: Paired saliva measurements in 40 coronary-angiography patients exposed to iodinated contrast. Limitations: Contrast exposure is not oral KI; observational chemistry endpoints do not establish infection prevention or a safe effective supplement dose. Evidence location: Primary abstract Excess iodine exposure acutely increases salivary iodide and antimicrobial hypoiodous acid concentrations in humans. · 2022 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36463312/ · DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-23803-8