Sodium

evidence_span

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experimental_model

Randomized controlled feeding trial in 412 participants

exposure

Three sodium levels for 30 days each within assigned DASH or control diet

limitations

Blood-pressure trial, not a hard-outcome trial; DASH changes multiple nutrients and foods. Its combined effect cannot be assigned to one mineral.

nutrient_topic

Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Sodium

organism

Human adults with and without hypertension

plain_language

Diet composition and sodium reduction had a combined effect.

primary_references

[sodium-p11136953] Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11136953/ DOI: 10.1056/nejm200101043440101

tissue_or_cell_type

Systemic blood pressure

Sodium: gradients, nutrient transport, fluid regulation and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 1084–1095

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized controlled feeding trial in 412 participants · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### sodium-dash-combination Low-sodium DASH versus high-sodium control produced mean systolic differences of 7.1 mmHg without hypertension and 11.5 mmHg with hypertension. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Diet composition and sodium reduction had a combined effect. organism: Human adults with and without hypertension tissue_or_cell_type: Systemic blood pressure experimental_model: Randomized controlled feeding trial in 412 participants limitations: Blood-pressure trial, not a hard-outcome trial; DASH changes multiple nutrients and foods. Its combined effect cannot be assigned to one mineral. exposure: Three sodium levels for 30 days each within assigned DASH or control diet evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/11136953.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7664fc223f123220dd64755a1e9bc4ee3e9942e09b5de444bd789f210f449133", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1987, "text_sha256": "7664fc223f123220dd64755a1e9bc4ee3e9942e09b5de444bd789f210f449133"} [sodium-p11136953] Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11136953/ DOI: 10.1056/nejm200101043440101

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/11136953.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7664fc223f123220dd64755a1e9bc4ee3e9942e09b5de444bd789f210f449133", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1987, "text_sha256": "7664fc223f123220dd64755a1e9bc4ee3e9942e09b5de444bd789f210f449133"}

experimental_model

Randomized controlled feeding trial in 412 participants

exposure

Three sodium levels for 30 days each within assigned DASH or control diet

limitations

Blood-pressure trial, not a hard-outcome trial; DASH changes multiple nutrients and foods. Its combined effect cannot be assigned to one mineral.

nutrient_topic

Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Sodium

organism

Human adults with and without hypertension

plain_language

Reducing sodium lowered blood pressure under both tested dietary patterns.

primary_references

[sodium-p11136953] Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11136953/ DOI: 10.1056/nejm200101043440101

tissue_or_cell_type

Systemic blood pressure

Sodium: gradients, nutrient transport, fluid regulation and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 1071–1082

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized controlled feeding trial in 412 participants · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### sodium-dash-sodium High-to-intermediate sodium reduction lowered systolic pressure by 2.1 mmHg on the control diet and 1.3 mmHg on DASH; intermediate-to-low reduction lowered it by another 4.6 and 1.7 mmHg respectively. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Reducing sodium lowered blood pressure under both tested dietary patterns. organism: Human adults with and without hypertension tissue_or_cell_type: Systemic blood pressure experimental_model: Randomized controlled feeding trial in 412 participants limitations: Blood-pressure trial, not a hard-outcome trial; DASH changes multiple nutrients and foods. Its combined effect cannot be assigned to one mineral. exposure: Three sodium levels for 30 days each within assigned DASH or control diet evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/11136953.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7664fc223f123220dd64755a1e9bc4ee3e9942e09b5de444bd789f210f449133", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1987, "text_sha256": "7664fc223f123220dd64755a1e9bc4ee3e9942e09b5de444bd789f210f449133"} [sodium-p11136953] Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11136953/ DOI: 10.1056/nejm200101043440101

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/25406227.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339"}

experimental_model

Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks

exposure

4 mEq/kg/day supplemental sodium versus placebo, days 7–35

limitations

Study regimen, not a dosing recommendation. Small neonatal trial; improved weight gain is not proof that every blood sodium measurement diagnoses total-body depletion.

nutrient_topic

Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Sodium

organism

Human preterm infants

plain_language

The observed growth benefit was not uniform across every growth measurement.

primary_references

[sodium-p25406227] Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406227/ DOI: 10.1177/0148607114558303

tissue_or_cell_type

Whole-body growth and serum sodium

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Sodium: gradients, nutrient transport, fluid regulation and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 993–1004

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### sodium-preterm-limits Length and head-circumference growth did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The observed growth benefit was not uniform across every growth measurement. organism: Human preterm infants tissue_or_cell_type: Whole-body growth and serum sodium experimental_model: Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks limitations: Study regimen, not a dosing recommendation. Small neonatal trial; improved weight gain is not proof that every blood sodium measurement diagnoses total-body depletion. exposure: 4 mEq/kg/day supplemental sodium versus placebo, days 7–35 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/25406227.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339"} [sodium-p25406227] Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406227/ DOI: 10.1177/0148607114558303

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/25406227.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339"}

experimental_model

Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks

exposure

4 mEq/kg/day supplemental sodium versus placebo, days 7–35

limitations

Study regimen, not a dosing recommendation. Small neonatal trial; improved weight gain is not proof that every blood sodium measurement diagnoses total-body depletion.

nutrient_topic

Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Sodium

organism

Human preterm infants

plain_language

Very premature infants can need a different sodium provision than older children or adults.

primary_references

[sodium-p25406227] Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406227/ DOI: 10.1177/0148607114558303

tissue_or_cell_type

Whole-body growth and serum sodium

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Sodium: gradients, nutrient transport, fluid regulation and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 967–978

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### sodium-preterm-sodium Supplemented preterm infants had fewer recorded serum sodium values below 135 mmol/L. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Very premature infants can need a different sodium provision than older children or adults. organism: Human preterm infants tissue_or_cell_type: Whole-body growth and serum sodium experimental_model: Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks limitations: Study regimen, not a dosing recommendation. Small neonatal trial; improved weight gain is not proof that every blood sodium measurement diagnoses total-body depletion. exposure: 4 mEq/kg/day supplemental sodium versus placebo, days 7–35 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/25406227.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339"} [sodium-p25406227] Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406227/ DOI: 10.1177/0148607114558303

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/25406227.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339"}

experimental_model

Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks

exposure

4 mEq/kg/day supplemental sodium versus placebo, days 7–35

limitations

Study regimen, not a dosing recommendation. Small neonatal trial; improved weight gain is not proof that every blood sodium measurement diagnoses total-body depletion.

nutrient_topic

Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Sodium

organism

Human preterm infants

plain_language

The sodium intervention improved weight gain in this small preterm-infant trial.

primary_references

[sodium-p25406227] Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406227/ DOI: 10.1177/0148607114558303

tissue_or_cell_type

Whole-body growth and serum sodium

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Sodium: gradients, nutrient transport, fluid regulation and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 980–991

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### sodium-preterm-weight Mean weight-gain velocity was 26.9 versus 22.9 g/kg/day with supplementation versus placebo. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The sodium intervention improved weight gain in this small preterm-infant trial. organism: Human preterm infants tissue_or_cell_type: Whole-body growth and serum sodium experimental_model: Randomized masked trial in 53 infants born before 32 weeks limitations: Study regimen, not a dosing recommendation. Small neonatal trial; improved weight gain is not proof that every blood sodium measurement diagnoses total-body depletion. exposure: 4 mEq/kg/day supplemental sodium versus placebo, days 7–35 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/25406227.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "a3c6cd28e4896dc8cdaeaacb7d524c55098b87dd5bf9d028ce49ba544832e339"} [sodium-p25406227] Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406227/ DOI: 10.1177/0148607114558303

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

magnesium -> sodium -> potassium

experimental_model

Dietary restriction in C57BL/6J mice with renal transport assays

limitations

Unchanged concentration does not imply absent mineralocorticoid action or exclude other ENaC regulators.

nutrient_topic

Magnesium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Magnesium

organism

Mus musculus

plain_language

The potassium loss pattern did not require a measured rise in circulating aldosterone in this experiment.

primary_references

[maeoka-2025-enac-romk] Hypomagnesaemia-associated hypokalaemia requires activation of both ENaC and ROMK (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41137719/ DOI: 10.1113/JP287704

tissue_or_cell_type

Kidney distal nephron

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Magnesium: cross-nutrient mechanisms and deficiency (2026-09-17) · lines 191–201

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Dietary restriction in C57BL/6J mice with renal transport assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### combined-na-mg-restriction-aldosterone-not-elevated Plasma aldosterone in combined Na/Mg-restricted mice was not higher than with normal diet, although sodium restriction alone increased it. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Magnesium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The potassium loss pattern did not require a measured rise in circulating aldosterone in this experiment. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Kidney distal nephron experimental_model: Dietary restriction in C57BL/6J mice with renal transport assays limitations: Unchanged concentration does not imply absent mineralocorticoid action or exclude other ENaC regulators. cross_nutrient: magnesium -> sodium -> potassium [maeoka-2025-enac-romk] Hypomagnesaemia-associated hypokalaemia requires activation of both ENaC and ROMK (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41137719/ DOI: 10.1113/JP287704

availability_state

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

cross_nutrient

magnesium -> sodium -> potassium

duration

Seven days

experimental_contrast

{"combination": "joint", "comparator": "Normal diet", "conditions": [{"entity_slug": "sodium", "state": "Restricted"}, {"entity_slug": "magnesium", "state": "Restricted"}], "effect_direction": "increase", "endpoint": "Native ROMK activity in DCT2/CNT", "intervention": "Combined dietary sodium and magnesium restriction"} Primary abstract PMID 41137719 / DOI 10.1113/JP287704 rechecked 2026-09-20. This comparison must not be separated into two single-deficiency effects.

experimental_model

Dietary restriction in C57BL/6J mice with renal transport assays

limitations

Co-occurrence supports the proposed mechanism; intracellular Mg and distal Na delivery were not directly measured.

nutrient_topic

Magnesium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Magnesium

organism

Mus musculus

plain_language

In this combined shortage, the Mg-sensitive potassium pathway was more active while the sodium pathway that supports potassium exit remained available.

primary_references

[maeoka-2025-enac-romk] Hypomagnesaemia-associated hypokalaemia requires activation of both ENaC and ROMK (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41137719/ DOI: 10.1113/JP287704

tissue_or_cell_type

Kidney distal nephron

trigger_kind

nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

Magnesium: cross-nutrient mechanisms and deficiency (2026-09-17) · lines 178–189

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Dietary restriction in C57BL/6J mice with renal transport assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### combined-na-mg-restriction-romk-hypokalemia Combined Na/Mg restriction increased native ROMK activity in DCT2/CNT and lowered plasma K, while ENaC cleavage markers were preserved relative to normal diet. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Magnesium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: In this combined shortage, the Mg-sensitive potassium pathway was more active while the sodium pathway that supports potassium exit remained available. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Kidney distal nephron experimental_model: Dietary restriction in C57BL/6J mice with renal transport assays limitations: Co-occurrence supports the proposed mechanism; intracellular Mg and distal Na delivery were not directly measured. cross_nutrient: magnesium -> sodium -> potassium duration: Seven days [maeoka-2025-enac-romk] Hypomagnesaemia-associated hypokalaemia requires activation of both ENaC and ROMK (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41137719/ DOI: 10.1113/JP287704

experimental_model

Four-week crossover; 36 completers.

limitations

Untreated elevated-pressure adults with relatively low baseline sodium/potassium intake; no detected pulse-wave-velocity benefit.

nutrient_topic

Potassium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Potassium

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

The blood-pressure effect was measured directly in this trial.

primary_references

[k-gijsbers2015-bp] Effects of sodium and potassium supplementation on blood pressure and arterial stiffness: a fully controlled dietary intervention study (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25673113/ DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.3

tissue_or_cell_type

Systemic circulation

Potassium: cross-nutrient mechanisms and deficiency (2026-09-17) · lines 1546–1555

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Four-week crossover; 36 completers. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### k-controlled-feeding-pressure Potassium supplementation reduced 24-hour pressure by approximately 3.9/1.6 mmHg under controlled feeding. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Potassium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The blood-pressure effect was measured directly in this trial. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Systemic circulation experimental_model: Four-week crossover; 36 completers. limitations: Untreated elevated-pressure adults with relatively low baseline sodium/potassium intake; no detected pulse-wave-velocity benefit. [k-gijsbers2015-bp] Effects of sodium and potassium supplementation on blood pressure and arterial stiffness: a fully controlled dietary intervention study (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25673113/ DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.3

cross_nutrient

true

experimental_model

Rat NIS expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes; electrophysiology and tracer uptake

exposure

Tracer uptake and electrophysiology; apparent sodium affinity 28 ± 3 mM and iodide affinity 33 ± 9 micromolar.

limitations

Rat-protein assay parameters are not dietary sodium requirements or human iodide thresholds.

nutrient_topic

Iodine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Iodine

organism

Rat protein in Xenopus laevis oocytes

plain_language

NIS uses sodium movement to carry iodide into cells.

primary_references

[iodine-trans-stoichiometry1997] Thyroid Na+/I- symporter. Mechanism, stoichiometry, and specificity. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9341168/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.43.27230

tissue_or_cell_type

Oocyte plasma membrane

Iodine: thyroid hormone production, deficiency, excess and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 167–178

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Rat NIS expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes; electrophysiology and tracer uptake · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### iodine-trans-sodium-coupling Rat NIS expressed in Xenopus oocytes transported iodide with two sodium ions per anion and generated inward electrogenic transport. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Iodine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: NIS uses sodium movement to carry iodide into cells. organism: Rat protein in Xenopus laevis oocytes tissue_or_cell_type: Oocyte plasma membrane experimental_model: Rat NIS expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes; electrophysiology and tracer uptake limitations: Rat-protein assay parameters are not dietary sodium requirements or human iodide thresholds. exposure: Tracer uptake and electrophysiology; apparent sodium affinity 28 ± 3 mM and iodide affinity 33 ± 9 micromolar. cross_nutrient: true [iodine-trans-stoichiometry1997] Thyroid Na+/I- symporter. Mechanism, stoichiometry, and specificity. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9341168/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.43.27230

evidence_span

{"source_cache": "artifacts/pectin-research/6307932.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fd45607a7ff1d1a20dd52d145134da591847919c3db47ef8a8cf5693fb9f80a1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1593, "text_sha256": "fd45607a7ff1d1a20dd52d145134da591847919c3db47ef8a8cf5693fb9f80a1"}

experimental_model

Within-person ileostomy balance study; six participants

exposure

15 g/day citrus pectin on days 5-7 of a 10-day low-fiber feeding protocol

limitations

Ileal apparent absorption and output are not whole-body status or clinical deficiency; the colon was bypassed.

nutrient_topic

Pectin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Pectin, structurally heterogeneous plant polysaccharides

organism

Homo sapiens

plain_language

More sodium left through the ileostomy; this is not proof of low blood sodium.

primary_references

[pectin-p6307932] The effect of citrus pectin on the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. (1983). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6307932/

tissue_or_cell_type

Small intestine; ileal effluent

Pectin: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 555–566

AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Within-person ileostomy balance study; six participants · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

### pectin-ileal-sodium Pectin increased sodium output in ileal effluent. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Pectin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: More sodium left through the ileostomy; this is not proof of low blood sodium. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Small intestine; ileal effluent experimental_model: Within-person ileostomy balance study; six participants limitations: Ileal apparent absorption and output are not whole-body status or clinical deficiency; the colon was bypassed. exposure: 15 g/day citrus pectin on days 5-7 of a 10-day low-fiber feeding protocol evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/pectin-research/6307932.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fd45607a7ff1d1a20dd52d145134da591847919c3db47ef8a8cf5693fb9f80a1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1593, "text_sha256": "fd45607a7ff1d1a20dd52d145134da591847919c3db47ef8a8cf5693fb9f80a1"} [pectin-p6307932] The effect of citrus pectin on the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. (1983). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6307932/