Component

Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration

Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration

7 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

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How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

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What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Some at-risk patients had low erythrocyte ThDP with a normal activation test, and one had an abnormal activation test with normal ThDP.

    Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration → Erythrocyte transketolase activation coefficient source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_location
    Abstract Results; classification comparison
    evidence_span
    normal by the activation test but had low TDP
    experimental_model
    Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test.
    exposure
    Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood
    limitations
    Neither assay was independently validated against brain ThDP; no pooled sensitivity or specificity is inferred. The abstract contains inconsistent category totals, so no concordance percentage is calculated.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The direct and functional tests sometimes classified the same patient differently.
    primary_references
    [talwar-2000-blood-thdp] Vitamin B(1) status assessed by direct measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate in erythrocytes or whole blood by HPLC: comparison with erythrocyte transketolase activation assay (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794754/ DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Blood
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1423–1435

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### thiamine-def-direct-functional-assay-discordance Some at-risk patients had low erythrocyte ThDP with a normal activation test, and one had an abnormal activation test with normal ThDP. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The direct and functional tests sometimes classified the same patient differently. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Blood experimental_model: Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test. limitations: Neither assay was independently validated against brain ThDP; no pooled sensitivity or specificity is inferred. The abstract contains inconsistent category totals, so no concordance percentage is calculated. evidence_location: Abstract Results; classification comparison evidence_span: normal by the activation test but had low TDP exposure: Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood [talwar-2000-blood-thdp] Vitamin B(1) status assessed by direct measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate in erythrocytes or whole blood by HPLC: comparison with erythrocyte transketolase activation assay (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794754/ DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Direct erythrocyte ThDP was more stable during frozen storage than transketolase activity in the evaluated preparations.

    Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration → Blood transketolase activity source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_location
    Abstract
    evidence_span
    ETDP is more stable than ETKA in frozen erythrocytes
    experimental_model
    Human erythrocytes incubated with thiamine, plus alcoholic, elderly and student comparison groups; HPLC ThDP versus basal and ThDP-stimulated transketolase assays.
    exposure
    Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood
    limitations
    Historical assay comparison, not a validated stability duration for every modern collection tube or analytical platform.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Storage can affect the chemical measurement and the functional enzyme test differently.
    primary_references
    [baines-1988-erythrocyte-assays] The Evaluation of Erythrocyte Thiamin Diphosphate as an Indicator of Thiamin Status in Man, and its Comparison with Erythrocyte Transketolase Activity Measurements (1988). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/000456328802500617 DOI: 10.1177/000456328802500617
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Frozen erythrocyte specimens
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1395–1407

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human erythrocytes incubated with thiamine, plus alcoholic, elderly and student comparison groups; HPLC ThDP versus basal and ThDP-stimulated transketolase assays. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### thiamine-def-frozen-erythrocyte-stability Direct erythrocyte ThDP was more stable during frozen storage than transketolase activity in the evaluated preparations. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Storage can affect the chemical measurement and the functional enzyme test differently. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Frozen erythrocyte specimens experimental_model: Human erythrocytes incubated with thiamine, plus alcoholic, elderly and student comparison groups; HPLC ThDP versus basal and ThDP-stimulated transketolase assays. limitations: Historical assay comparison, not a validated stability duration for every modern collection tube or analytical platform. evidence_location: Abstract evidence_span: ETDP is more stable than ETKA in frozen erythrocytes exposure: Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood [baines-1988-erythrocyte-assays] The Evaluation of Erythrocyte Thiamin Diphosphate as an Indicator of Thiamin Status in Man, and its Comparison with Erythrocyte Transketolase Activity Measurements (1988). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/000456328802500617 DOI: 10.1177/000456328802500617
    Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

  1. The thiamine-containing infusion increased erythrocyte ThDP in both thiamine-treated groups at two hours.

    Parenteral B-vitamin and vitamin C preparation → Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Three-arm randomized trial.
    exposure
    Thiamine 250 mg as Pabrinex, magnesium sulfate 2 g, or both; biochemical samples at two hours. Initial magnesium-only group then received thiamine. Study regimens, not recommendations.
    limitations
    Most patients already had normal/high erythrocyte ThDP; an increase does not establish brain repletion. Pabrinex included other vitamins.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The blood cofactor measurement rose after the thiamine-containing infusion.
    primary_references
    [b1-maguire2022] Randomised trial of intravenous thiamine and/or magnesium sulphate administration on erythrocyte transketolase activity, lactate concentrations and alcohol withdrawal scores (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35484175/ DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10970-x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Erythrocytes

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1587–1597

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Three-arm randomized trial. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### b1-aws-thiamine-raises-thdp The thiamine-containing infusion increased erythrocyte ThDP in both thiamine-treated groups at two hours. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The blood cofactor measurement rose after the thiamine-containing infusion. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Erythrocytes experimental_model: Three-arm randomized trial. limitations: Most patients already had normal/high erythrocyte ThDP; an increase does not establish brain repletion. Pabrinex included other vitamins. exposure: Thiamine 250 mg as Pabrinex, magnesium sulfate 2 g, or both; biochemical samples at two hours. Initial magnesium-only group then received thiamine. Study regimens, not recommendations. [b1-maguire2022] Randomised trial of intravenous thiamine and/or magnesium sulphate administration on erythrocyte transketolase activity, lactate concentrations and alcohol withdrawal scores (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35484175/ DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10970-x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Erythrocyte thiamine pyrophosphate and urinary thiamine increased in the 2019 chronic-HF trial despite no functional benefit.

    Thiamine (vitamin B1) → Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    experimental_model
    Same 69-person trial; six-month biomarker measurement.
    exposure
    200 mg oral thiamine mononitrate daily versus placebo for six months; trial exposure only.
    limitations
    Biochemical uptake does not establish the rate-limiting cause of cardiac dysfunction.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    A higher vitamin measurement did not guarantee better heart function.
    primary_references
    [b1-keith2019] Thiamin supplementation does not improve left ventricular ejection fraction in ambulatory heart failure patients: a randomized controlled trial (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31504093/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz192
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Erythrocytes and urine
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1696–1706

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Same 69-person trial; six-month biomarker measurement. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### b1-hf-biomarker-response Erythrocyte thiamine pyrophosphate and urinary thiamine increased in the 2019 chronic-HF trial despite no functional benefit. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A higher vitamin measurement did not guarantee better heart function. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Erythrocytes and urine experimental_model: Same 69-person trial; six-month biomarker measurement. limitations: Biochemical uptake does not establish the rate-limiting cause of cardiac dysfunction. exposure: 200 mg oral thiamine mononitrate daily versus placebo for six months; trial exposure only. [b1-keith2019] Thiamin supplementation does not improve left ventricular ejection fraction in ambulatory heart failure patients: a randomized controlled trial (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31504093/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz192
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Baseline plasma thiamine correlated with erythrocyte ThDP at Spearman r = 0.41 in the 196 women.

    Plasma thiamine concentration → Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_location
    Results 3.2; Table 2
    evidence_span
    Spearman correlation coefficients
    experimental_model
    196 healthy rural Cambodian women aged 18-45; samples from a six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention; plasma LC-MS/MS and erythrocyte HPLC assays.
    exposure
    Six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention in healthy Cambodian women
    limitations
    Cross-sectional correlation in healthy women does not validate a plasma cutoff for Wernicke encephalopathy.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Plasma and red-cell markers were related, but they captured different biological variation.
    primary_references
    [mccann-2017-plasma-erythrocyte] Comparable Performance Characteristics of Plasma Thiamine and Erythrocyte Thiamine Diphosphate in Response to Thiamine Fortification in Rural Cambodian Women (2017). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5537791/ DOI: 10.3390/nu9070676
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma and erythrocytes
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1451–1463

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 196 healthy rural Cambodian women aged 18-45; samples from a six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention; plasma LC-MS/MS and erythrocyte HPLC assays. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### thiamine-def-plasma-erythrocyte-imperfect-correlation Baseline plasma thiamine correlated with erythrocyte ThDP at Spearman r = 0.41 in the 196 women. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Plasma and red-cell markers were related, but they captured different biological variation. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma and erythrocytes experimental_model: 196 healthy rural Cambodian women aged 18-45; samples from a six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention; plasma LC-MS/MS and erythrocyte HPLC assays. limitations: Cross-sectional correlation in healthy women does not validate a plasma cutoff for Wernicke encephalopathy. evidence_location: Results 3.2; Table 2 evidence_span: Spearman correlation coefficients exposure: Six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention in healthy Cambodian women [mccann-2017-plasma-erythrocyte] Comparable Performance Characteristics of Plasma Thiamine and Erythrocyte Thiamine Diphosphate in Response to Thiamine Fortification in Rural Cambodian Women (2017). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5537791/ DOI: 10.3390/nu9070676
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Baseline plasma thiamine monophosphate correlated with erythrocyte ThDP at Spearman r = 0.57 in 188 women.

    Plasma thiamine monophosphate concentration → Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_location
    Results 3.2; Table 2
    evidence_span
    n = 188
    experimental_model
    196 healthy rural Cambodian women aged 18-45; samples from a six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention; plasma LC-MS/MS and erythrocyte HPLC assays.
    exposure
    Six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention in healthy Cambodian women
    limitations
    This is a different analyte from free plasma thiamine; a moderate correlation does not make the assays interchangeable.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The phosphorylated plasma form was also related to red-cell cofactor concentration.
    primary_references
    [mccann-2017-plasma-erythrocyte] Comparable Performance Characteristics of Plasma Thiamine and Erythrocyte Thiamine Diphosphate in Response to Thiamine Fortification in Rural Cambodian Women (2017). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5537791/ DOI: 10.3390/nu9070676
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma and erythrocytes
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1465–1477

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 196 healthy rural Cambodian women aged 18-45; samples from a six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention; plasma LC-MS/MS and erythrocyte HPLC assays. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### thiamine-def-plasma-tmp-erythrocyte-correlation Baseline plasma thiamine monophosphate correlated with erythrocyte ThDP at Spearman r = 0.57 in 188 women. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The phosphorylated plasma form was also related to red-cell cofactor concentration. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma and erythrocytes experimental_model: 196 healthy rural Cambodian women aged 18-45; samples from a six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention; plasma LC-MS/MS and erythrocyte HPLC assays. limitations: This is a different analyte from free plasma thiamine; a moderate correlation does not make the assays interchangeable. evidence_location: Results 3.2; Table 2 evidence_span: n = 188 exposure: Six-month thiamine-fortified fish-sauce intervention in healthy Cambodian women [mccann-2017-plasma-erythrocyte] Comparable Performance Characteristics of Plasma Thiamine and Erythrocyte Thiamine Diphosphate in Response to Thiamine Fortification in Rural Cambodian Women (2017). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5537791/ DOI: 10.3390/nu9070676
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  5. HPLC whole-blood and erythrocyte ThDP measurements correlated at r = 0.97 in the study.

    Whole-blood thiamine diphosphate concentration → Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_location
    Abstract Results
    evidence_span
    correlated strongly with that in whole blood
    experimental_model
    Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test.
    exposure
    Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood
    limitations
    Correlation is not identity or a tissue-deficiency threshold; reported reference intervals were normalized to hemoglobin and are method-specific.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Whole blood and separated red cells gave closely related ThDP results under this method.
    primary_references
    [talwar-2000-blood-thdp] Vitamin B(1) status assessed by direct measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate in erythrocytes or whole blood by HPLC: comparison with erythrocyte transketolase activation assay (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794754/ DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Whole blood and packed erythrocytes
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1409–1421

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### thiamine-def-wholeblood-erythrocyte-thdp-correlation HPLC whole-blood and erythrocyte ThDP measurements correlated at r = 0.97 in the study. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Whole blood and separated red cells gave closely related ThDP results under this method. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Whole blood and packed erythrocytes experimental_model: Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test. limitations: Correlation is not identity or a tissue-deficiency threshold; reported reference intervals were normalized to hemoglobin and are method-specific. evidence_location: Abstract Results evidence_span: correlated strongly with that in whole blood exposure: Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood [talwar-2000-blood-thdp] Vitamin B(1) status assessed by direct measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate in erythrocytes or whole blood by HPLC: comparison with erythrocyte transketolase activation assay (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794754/ DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

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