Component

Whole-blood thiamine diphosphate concentration

ThDP measured in whole blood; not identical to tissue-specific cofactor availability. Whole-blood thiamine diphosphate concentration

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. HPLC whole-blood and erythrocyte ThDP measurements correlated at r = 0.97 in the study.

    Whole-blood thiamine diphosphate concentration → Erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_location
    Abstract Results
    evidence_span
    correlated strongly with that in whole blood
    experimental_model
    Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test.
    exposure
    Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood
    limitations
    Correlation is not identity or a tissue-deficiency threshold; reported reference intervals were normalized to hemoglobin and are method-specific.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Whole blood and separated red cells gave closely related ThDP results under this method.
    primary_references
    [talwar-2000-blood-thdp] Vitamin B(1) status assessed by direct measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate in erythrocytes or whole blood by HPLC: comparison with erythrocyte transketolase activation assay (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794754/ DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Whole blood and packed erythrocytes
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1409–1421

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### thiamine-def-wholeblood-erythrocyte-thdp-correlation HPLC whole-blood and erythrocyte ThDP measurements correlated at r = 0.97 in the study. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Whole blood and separated red cells gave closely related ThDP results under this method. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Whole blood and packed erythrocytes experimental_model: Human method-comparison study: HPLC erythrocyte/whole-blood ThDP, healthy reference cohorts and 63 patients considered at risk of deficiency compared with a transketolase activation test. limitations: Correlation is not identity or a tissue-deficiency threshold; reported reference intervals were normalized to hemoglobin and are method-specific. evidence_location: Abstract Results evidence_span: correlated strongly with that in whole blood exposure: Laboratory assessment of thiamine status using erythrocytes or whole blood [talwar-2000-blood-thdp] Vitamin B(1) status assessed by direct measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate in erythrocytes or whole blood by HPLC: comparison with erythrocyte transketolase activation assay (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10794754/ DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704
    Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

  1. Infant whole-blood ThDP was higher in all maternal supplementation groups than placebo at 24 weeks.

    Thiamine (vitamin B1) → Whole-blood thiamine diphosphate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Same trial; infants mostly breastfed.
    exposure
    Maternal 0, 1.2, 2.4 or 10 mg/day thiamine from weeks 2-24 postpartum; study exposures only.
    limitations
    No direct measurement of each tissue cofactor pool or mortality benefit.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Improving maternal intake changed an infant blood marker.
    primary_references
    [b1-gallant2021] Low-dose thiamine supplementation of lactating Cambodian mothers improves human milk thiamine concentrations: a randomized controlled trial (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33829271/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab052
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Infant blood

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1819–1829

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Same trial; infants mostly breastfed. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### b1-maternal-intake-infant-thdp Infant whole-blood ThDP was higher in all maternal supplementation groups than placebo at 24 weeks. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Improving maternal intake changed an infant blood marker. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Infant blood experimental_model: Same trial; infants mostly breastfed. limitations: No direct measurement of each tissue cofactor pool or mortality benefit. exposure: Maternal 0, 1.2, 2.4 or 10 mg/day thiamine from weeks 2-24 postpartum; study exposures only. [b1-gallant2021] Low-dose thiamine supplementation of lactating Cambodian mothers improves human milk thiamine concentrations: a randomized controlled trial (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33829271/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab052
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Infant ETK activation coefficient differed significantly only between the highest maternal-dose group and placebo, whereas infant ThDP differed for all active groups.

    Thiamine (vitamin B1) → Erythrocyte transketolase activation coefficient source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    experimental_model
    Same infant biomarker comparison.
    exposure
    Maternal 0, 1.2, 2.4 or 10 mg/day thiamine from weeks 2-24 postpartum; study exposures only.
    limitations
    Assay response is not a contradiction: endpoints differ. The study did not establish a universal clinical threshold.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The concentration marker and functional assay did not identify identical dose responses.
    primary_references
    [b1-gallant2021] Low-dose thiamine supplementation of lactating Cambodian mothers improves human milk thiamine concentrations: a randomized controlled trial (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33829271/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab052
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Infant blood
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1831–1841

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Same infant biomarker comparison. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### b1-milk-trial-marker-difference Infant ETK activation coefficient differed significantly only between the highest maternal-dose group and placebo, whereas infant ThDP differed for all active groups. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The concentration marker and functional assay did not identify identical dose responses. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Infant blood experimental_model: Same infant biomarker comparison. limitations: Assay response is not a contradiction: endpoints differ. The study did not establish a universal clinical threshold. exposure: Maternal 0, 1.2, 2.4 or 10 mg/day thiamine from weeks 2-24 postpartum; study exposures only. [b1-gallant2021] Low-dose thiamine supplementation of lactating Cambodian mothers improves human milk thiamine concentrations: a randomized controlled trial (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33829271/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab052
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. TPK1-deficient patients had reduced ThDP in sampled muscle and blood; blood remained low during thiamine supplementation.

    Biallelic TPK1 deficiency genotypes → Cellular thiamine diphosphate content source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence-scope
    Muscle and blood
    evidence_locator
    Table 2
    evidence_spans
    [{"source_document": "artifacts/thiamine_transport_sources/PMC3234371.txt", "start_char": 13816, "end_char": 16551}]
    experimental_model
    Five patients from three families; muscle/blood chemistry and enzyme assays.
    limitations
    Small heterogeneous series; no universal blood or tissue cutoff.
    nutrient_topic
    Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Thiamine (vitamin B1)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Extra B1 intake does not guarantee normal cofactor production when activation machinery is impaired.
    primary_references
    [mayr-2011-tpk1-deficiency] Thiamine pyrophosphokinase deficiency in encephalopathic children with defects in the pyruvate oxidation pathway (2011). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3234371/ DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.007
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Muscle and blood
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Thiamine: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 388–400

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Five patients from three families; muscle/blood chemistry and enzyme assays. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### b1-tpk1-deficiency-thdp TPK1-deficient patients had reduced ThDP in sampled muscle and blood; blood remained low during thiamine supplementation. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Thiamine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Extra B1 intake does not guarantee normal cofactor production when activation machinery is impaired. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Muscle and blood experimental_model: Five patients from three families; muscle/blood chemistry and enzyme assays. limitations: Small heterogeneous series; no universal blood or tissue cutoff. evidence_locator: Table 2 evidence_spans: [{"source_document": "artifacts/thiamine_transport_sources/PMC3234371.txt", "start_char": 13816, "end_char": 16551}] evidence-scope: Muscle and blood [mayr-2011-tpk1-deficiency] Thiamine pyrophosphokinase deficiency in encephalopathic children with defects in the pyruvate oxidation pathway (2011). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3234371/ DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.007
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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