Component

Study-specified cis-lycopene isomer pool

Study-specified cis-lycopene isomer pool. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

6 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Caco-2 uptake of cis lycopene exceeded all-trans uptake after simulated gac-meal digestion.

    Study-specified cis-lycopene isomer pool → Intestinal epithelial lycopene uptake source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/18287353.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1542, "text_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1"}
    experimental_model
    Simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 uptake
    exposure
    Gac aril or oil cooked with rice; isomer-specific measurements
    limitations
    Food matrix and cell model; not a human fractional-absorption comparison.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Cell-free digestion and human Caco-2 cells
    plain_language
    Better delivery to cultured intestinal cells is not automatically better whole-body absorption.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p18287353] In vitro micellarization and intestinal cell uptake of cis isomers of lycopene exceed those of all-trans lycopene. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18287353/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.3.482
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Cooked gac meals; mixed micelles and enterocyte model

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 156–167

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 uptake · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-cis-caco Caco-2 uptake of cis lycopene exceeded all-trans uptake after simulated gac-meal digestion. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Better delivery to cultured intestinal cells is not automatically better whole-body absorption. organism: Cell-free digestion and human Caco-2 cells tissue_or_cell_type: Cooked gac meals; mixed micelles and enterocyte model experimental_model: Simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 uptake limitations: Food matrix and cell model; not a human fractional-absorption comparison. exposure: Gac aril or oil cooked with rice; isomer-specific measurements evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/18287353.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1542, "text_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1"} [lycopene-p18287353] In vitro micellarization and intestinal cell uptake of cis isomers of lycopene exceed those of all-trans lycopene. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18287353/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.3.482
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Cis lycopene isomers entered mixed micelles more efficiently than all-trans lycopene during simulated digestion.

    Study-specified cis-lycopene isomer pool → Lycopene incorporation into digestive mixed micelles source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/18287353.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1542, "text_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1"}
    experimental_model
    Simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 uptake
    exposure
    Gac aril or oil cooked with rice; isomer-specific measurements
    limitations
    Food matrix and cell model; not a human fractional-absorption comparison.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Cell-free digestion and human Caco-2 cells
    plain_language
    The bent forms reached the digestible micelle fraction more readily in this meal model.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p18287353] In vitro micellarization and intestinal cell uptake of cis isomers of lycopene exceed those of all-trans lycopene. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18287353/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.3.482
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Cooked gac meals; mixed micelles and enterocyte model

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 143–154

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 uptake · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-cis-micelles Cis lycopene isomers entered mixed micelles more efficiently than all-trans lycopene during simulated digestion. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The bent forms reached the digestible micelle fraction more readily in this meal model. organism: Cell-free digestion and human Caco-2 cells tissue_or_cell_type: Cooked gac meals; mixed micelles and enterocyte model experimental_model: Simulated digestion followed by Caco-2 uptake limitations: Food matrix and cell model; not a human fractional-absorption comparison. exposure: Gac aril or oil cooked with rice; isomer-specific measurements evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/18287353.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1542, "text_sha256": "55379407d287c9a3c0057c1b7be3834f11e0349aed2821085aa0ef0e1a587ac1"} [lycopene-p18287353] In vitro micellarization and intestinal cell uptake of cis isomers of lycopene exceed those of all-trans lycopene. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18287353/ DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.3.482
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Modeled bioavailability did not differ between cis lycopene, 24.5% ± 6%, and all-trans lycopene, 23.2% ± 8%.

    Study-specified cis-lycopene isomer pool → Fractional absorption of administered lycopene source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"}
    experimental_model
    Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling
    exposure
    10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis
    limitations
    Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, eight healthy adults
    plain_language
    Cis forms were not universally better absorbed under these conditions.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 208–219

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-isomer-absorption-null Modeled bioavailability did not differ between cis lycopene, 24.5% ± 6%, and all-trans lycopene, 23.2% ± 8%. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Cis forms were not universally better absorbed under these conditions. organism: Human, eight healthy adults tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools experimental_model: Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling limitations: Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons. exposure: 10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"} [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. All-trans tracer half-life was 5.3 ± 0.3 days versus 8.8 ± 0.6 days for cis isomers.

    All-trans-lycopene / all-E-lycopene → Plasma lycopene isomer half-life source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"}
    experimental_model
    Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling
    exposure
    10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis
    limitations
    Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, eight healthy adults
    plain_language
    Different forms remain in circulation for different lengths of time.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 234–245

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-isomer-half-life All-trans tracer half-life was 5.3 ± 0.3 days versus 8.8 ± 0.6 days for cis isomers. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Different forms remain in circulation for different lengths of time. organism: Human, eight healthy adults tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools experimental_model: Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling limitations: Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons. exposure: 10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"} [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Modeled endogenous trans-to-cis conversion, 0.97 ± 0.25 micromol/day in the fast-turnover pool, explained cis enrichment.

    Endogenous trans-to-cis lycopene isomerization → Plasma lycopene cis/trans isomer profile source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"}
    experimental_model
    Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling
    exposure
    10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis
    limitations
    Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, eight healthy adults
    plain_language
    The body can change lycopene shape after absorption.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 221–232

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-postabsorptive-isomerization Modeled endogenous trans-to-cis conversion, 0.97 ± 0.25 micromol/day in the fast-turnover pool, explained cis enrichment. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The body can change lycopene shape after absorption. organism: Human, eight healthy adults tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools experimental_model: Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling limitations: Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons. exposure: 10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"} [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Mean fractional lycopene absorption was 23% ± 6% in the human carbon-13 tracer experiment.

    Lycopene → Fractional absorption of administered lycopene source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"}
    experimental_model
    Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling
    exposure
    10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis
    limitations
    Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, eight healthy adults
    plain_language
    Only part of an oral dose reached the body in this study.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 195–206

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-tracer-absorption Mean fractional lycopene absorption was 23% ± 6% in the human carbon-13 tracer experiment. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Only part of an oral dose reached the body in this study. organism: Human, eight healthy adults tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma over 28 days and modeled tissue pools experimental_model: Stable-isotope tracer and seven-compartment kinetic modeling limitations: Small study; model-dependent pool estimates; formulation differs from food-matrix comparisons. exposure: 10.2 mg carbon-13 lycopene, 82% all-trans and 18% cis evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26561629.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2207, "text_sha256": "fdc01c055cd2de5fc7523b3a3f4486ea939d5d197aaf214000328194f9586682"} [lycopene-p26561629] Compartmental and noncompartmental modeling of ¹³C-lycopene absorption, isomerization, and distribution kinetics in healthy adults. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561629/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103143
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards