Component

NET formation by human neutrophils

Experimental species, exposure and limitations are retained on each claim.

5 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. Adding 10-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils.

    10-Gingerol → NET formation by human neutrophils source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Individual gingerols 10 micromolar with RNP/anti-RNP immune complexes 10 micrograms/mL
    duration
    3 h
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation, not universally established human effects
    experimental_model
    Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors
    limitations
    Selected disease-relevant stimulus in isolated cells; not established treatment of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome.
    nutrient_topic
    Gingerols collection; each molecular form and experimental preparation remains explicit. · Gingerols
    organism
    Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors
    plain_language
    Adding 10-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils.
    primary_references
    Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385
    route
    Ex vivo co-incubation
    tissue
    Human neutrophils

    Gingerols: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 437–446

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## gingerols-10-netosis Adding 10-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils. Model/species: Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors Tissue: Human neutrophils Exposure: Individual gingerols 10 micromolar with RNP/anti-RNP immune complexes 10 micrograms/mL Route: Ex vivo co-incubation Duration: 3 h Limits: Selected disease-relevant stimulus in isolated cells; not established treatment of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome. Primary reference: Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385 Access: Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Adding 6-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils.

    6-Gingerol → NET formation by human neutrophils source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Individual gingerols 10 micromolar with RNP/anti-RNP immune complexes 10 micrograms/mL
    duration
    3 h
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation, not universally established human effects
    experimental_model
    Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors
    limitations
    Selected disease-relevant stimulus in isolated cells; not established treatment of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome.
    nutrient_topic
    Gingerols collection; each molecular form and experimental preparation remains explicit. · Gingerols
    organism
    Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors
    plain_language
    Adding 6-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils.
    primary_references
    Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385
    route
    Ex vivo co-incubation
    tissue
    Human neutrophils

    Gingerols: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 415–424

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## gingerols-6-netosis Adding 6-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils. Model/species: Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors Tissue: Human neutrophils Exposure: Individual gingerols 10 micromolar with RNP/anti-RNP immune complexes 10 micrograms/mL Route: Ex vivo co-incubation Duration: 3 h Limits: Selected disease-relevant stimulus in isolated cells; not established treatment of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome. Primary reference: Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385 Access: Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Adding 8-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils.

    8-Gingerol → NET formation by human neutrophils source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Individual gingerols 10 micromolar with RNP/anti-RNP immune complexes 10 micrograms/mL
    duration
    3 h
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation, not universally established human effects
    experimental_model
    Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors
    limitations
    Selected disease-relevant stimulus in isolated cells; not established treatment of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome.
    nutrient_topic
    Gingerols collection; each molecular form and experimental preparation remains explicit. · Gingerols
    organism
    Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors
    plain_language
    Adding 8-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils.
    primary_references
    Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385
    route
    Ex vivo co-incubation
    tissue
    Human neutrophils

    Gingerols: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 426–435

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## gingerols-8-netosis Adding 8-gingerol suppressed RNP-immune-complex-induced NET formation by human neutrophils. Model/species: Neutrophils isolated from healthy human donors Tissue: Human neutrophils Exposure: Individual gingerols 10 micromolar with RNP/anti-RNP immune complexes 10 micrograms/mL Route: Ex vivo co-incubation Duration: 3 h Limits: Selected disease-relevant stimulus in isolated cells; not established treatment of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome. Primary reference: Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385 Access: Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Neutrophils collected after ginger intake showed reduced ex vivo NET responses to disease-relevant stimuli.

    Ginger extract in the 2023 human neutrophil pilot study → NET formation by human neutrophils source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    100 mg whole-ginger extract, approximately 20 mg gingerols daily
    duration
    7 days; sampling baseline, day 7 and day 14
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation, not universally established human effects
    experimental_model
    Healthy volunteers: 9 Michigan participants and 8 Colorado participants
    limitations
    Small before/after cohorts without placebo; shared research program, not two independent laboratory replications. Individual gingerol attribution and clinical disease benefit are unproven.
    nutrient_topic
    Gingerols collection; each molecular form and experimental preparation remains explicit. · Gingerols
    organism
    Healthy volunteers: 9 Michigan participants and 8 Colorado participants
    plain_language
    Neutrophils collected after ginger intake showed reduced ex vivo NET responses to disease-relevant stimuli.
    primary_references
    Ginger intake suppresses neutrophil extracellular trap formation in autoimmune mice and healthy humans. (2023). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37737262/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172011
    route
    Oral mixed extract
    tissue
    Blood neutrophils, PBMCs and plasma

    Gingerols: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 514–523

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Healthy volunteers: 9 Michigan participants and 8 Colorado participants · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## gingerols-human-extract-netosis Neutrophils collected after ginger intake showed reduced ex vivo NET responses to disease-relevant stimuli. Model/species: Healthy volunteers: 9 Michigan participants and 8 Colorado participants Tissue: Blood neutrophils, PBMCs and plasma Exposure: 100 mg whole-ginger extract, approximately 20 mg gingerols daily Route: Oral mixed extract Duration: 7 days; sampling baseline, day 7 and day 14 Limits: Small before/after cohorts without placebo; shared research program, not two independent laboratory replications. Individual gingerol attribution and clinical disease benefit are unproven. Primary reference: Ginger intake suppresses neutrophil extracellular trap formation in autoimmune mice and healthy humans. (2023). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37737262/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172011 Access: Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  5. Adding a PKA inhibitor weakened 6-gingerol suppression of APS-IgG-triggered NETosis in human neutrophils.

    Pharmacologically PKA-inhibited human neutrophil state → NET formation by human neutrophils source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    dose
    6-Gingerol with APS IgG and PKA inhibitor; exact inhibitor dose not specified in inspected text
    duration
    3 h NETosis assay
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation, not universally established human effects
    experimental_model
    Human donor neutrophils with pharmacologically inhibited PKA
    limitations
    Supports a PKA-sensitive component; pharmacological inhibition is not selective genetic deletion or a nutrient deficiency.
    nutrient_topic
    Gingerols collection; each molecular form and experimental preparation remains explicit. · Gingerols
    organism
    Human donor neutrophils with pharmacologically inhibited PKA
    plain_language
    Adding a PKA inhibitor weakened 6-gingerol suppression of APS-IgG-triggered NETosis in human neutrophils.
    primary_references
    Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385
    route
    Ex vivo co-exposure
    tissue
    Human neutrophils
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Gingerols: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 481–490

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human donor neutrophils with pharmacologically inhibited PKA · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## gingerols-pka-blockade Adding a PKA inhibitor weakened 6-gingerol suppression of APS-IgG-triggered NETosis in human neutrophils. Model/species: Human donor neutrophils with pharmacologically inhibited PKA Tissue: Human neutrophils Exposure: 6-Gingerol with APS IgG and PKA inhibitor; exact inhibitor dose not specified in inspected text Route: Ex vivo co-exposure Duration: 3 h NETosis assay Limits: Supports a PKA-sensitive component; pharmacological inhibition is not selective genetic deletion or a nutrient deficiency. Primary reference: Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33373329/ DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385 Access: Primary open full text, results, figure legends and methods, plus PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards