Component

Serum folate concentration

Independently recorded substance, clinical endpoint or assay readout. Claims retain study-specific population and measurement context.

8 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. In low-serum-B12 strata, circulating total homocysteine increased as folate increased above approximately 20 nmol/L; the relationship ran oppositely in B12-replete strata.

    Serum folate concentration → Homocysteine source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    The measured interaction concerns B12 status and total folate, not all folate formulations equally.
    experimental_model
    Cross-sectional adult NHANES III 1991–1994 (4940) and NHANES 1999–2002 (5473) analyses, exclusions for several confounders.
    exposure
    Measured serum folate, B12, total homocysteine and MMA; stratification at serum B12 148 pmol/L; no randomized folate exposure.
    limitations
    No direct enzyme-flux measurement or causal proof of folate toxicity. Survey subsets and B12 definitions differ from the older-adult cognition analysis.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    More circulating folate did not guarantee a better B12-related marker.
    primary_references
    [fol-selhub2007] In vitamin B12 deficiency, higher serum folate is associated with increased total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18056804/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0709487104
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1567–1578

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cross-sectional adult NHANES III 1991–1994 (4940) and NHANES 1999–2002 (5473) analyses, exclusions for several confounders. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-b12-interaction-homocysteine In low-serum-B12 strata, circulating total homocysteine increased as folate increased above approximately 20 nmol/L; the relationship ran oppositely in B12-replete strata. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: More circulating folate did not guarantee a better B12-related marker. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Cross-sectional adult NHANES III 1991–1994 (4940) and NHANES 1999–2002 (5473) analyses, exclusions for several confounders. limitations: No direct enzyme-flux measurement or causal proof of folate toxicity. Survey subsets and B12 definitions differ from the older-adult cognition analysis. exposure: Measured serum folate, B12, total homocysteine and MMA; stratification at serum B12 148 pmol/L; no randomized folate exposure. cross_nutrient: The measured interaction concerns B12 status and total folate, not all folate formulations equally. [fol-selhub2007] In vitamin B12 deficiency, higher serum folate is associated with increased total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18056804/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0709487104
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. In low-serum-B12 strata, circulating methylmalonic acid increased as folate increased above approximately 20 nmol/L; the relationship ran oppositely in B12-replete strata.

    Serum folate concentration → Methylmalonic acid source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    The measured interaction concerns B12 status and total folate, not all folate formulations equally.
    experimental_model
    Cross-sectional adult NHANES III 1991–1994 (4940) and NHANES 1999–2002 (5473) analyses, exclusions for several confounders.
    exposure
    Measured serum folate, B12, total homocysteine and MMA; stratification at serum B12 148 pmol/L; no randomized folate exposure.
    limitations
    No direct enzyme-flux measurement or causal proof of folate toxicity. Survey subsets and B12 definitions differ from the older-adult cognition analysis.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    More circulating folate did not guarantee a better B12-related marker.
    primary_references
    [fol-selhub2007] In vitamin B12 deficiency, higher serum folate is associated with increased total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18056804/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0709487104
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1580–1591

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cross-sectional adult NHANES III 1991–1994 (4940) and NHANES 1999–2002 (5473) analyses, exclusions for several confounders. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-b12-interaction-mma In low-serum-B12 strata, circulating methylmalonic acid increased as folate increased above approximately 20 nmol/L; the relationship ran oppositely in B12-replete strata. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: More circulating folate did not guarantee a better B12-related marker. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Cross-sectional adult NHANES III 1991–1994 (4940) and NHANES 1999–2002 (5473) analyses, exclusions for several confounders. limitations: No direct enzyme-flux measurement or causal proof of folate toxicity. Survey subsets and B12 definitions differ from the older-adult cognition analysis. exposure: Measured serum folate, B12, total homocysteine and MMA; stratification at serum B12 148 pmol/L; no randomized folate exposure. cross_nutrient: The measured interaction concerns B12 status and total folate, not all folate formulations equally. [fol-selhub2007] In vitamin B12 deficiency, higher serum folate is associated with increased total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18056804/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0709487104
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Within the low-B12 group, serum folate above 59 nmol/L was associated with higher anemia odds than lower folate (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.5–6.6).

    Serum folate concentration → Anemia source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    B12 status modifies interpretation of a folate measurement.
    experimental_model
    Cross-sectional NHANES 1999–2002 sample of 1459 older adults with normal creatinine and specified clinical exclusions. Anemia analysis n=1458.
    exposure
    Measured serum folate and B12/MMA; low B12 defined as serum B12 <148 pmol/L or MMA >210 nmol/L; high folate >59 nmol/L.
    limitations
    Cross-sectional confounding and reverse causation remain possible. Total serum folate does not identify unmetabolized folic acid or supplement dose.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    A high folate blood value did not cancel the anemia association in people with low B12.
    primary_references
    [fol-morris2007] Folate and vitamin B-12 status in relation to anemia, macrocytosis, and cognitive impairment in older Americans in the age of folic acid fortification (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17209196/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.1.193
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1541–1552

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cross-sectional NHANES 1999–2002 sample of 1459 older adults with normal creatinine and specified clinical exclusions. Anemia analysis n=1458. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-b12-low-high-folate-anemia Within the low-B12 group, serum folate above 59 nmol/L was associated with higher anemia odds than lower folate (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.5–6.6). Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A high folate blood value did not cancel the anemia association in people with low B12. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Cross-sectional NHANES 1999–2002 sample of 1459 older adults with normal creatinine and specified clinical exclusions. Anemia analysis n=1458. limitations: Cross-sectional confounding and reverse causation remain possible. Total serum folate does not identify unmetabolized folic acid or supplement dose. exposure: Measured serum folate and B12/MMA; low B12 defined as serum B12 <148 pmol/L or MMA >210 nmol/L; high folate >59 nmol/L. cross_nutrient: B12 status modifies interpretation of a folate measurement. [fol-morris2007] Folate and vitamin B-12 status in relation to anemia, macrocytosis, and cognitive impairment in older Americans in the age of folic acid fortification (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17209196/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.1.193
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. High folate within low B12 status was associated with greater odds of cognitive impairment defined by Digit Symbol-Coding score below 34 (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1–6.1).

    Serum folate concentration → Digit Symbol-Coding performance source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    Does not prove folic acid worsens neurologic injury or that methylfolate resolves B12 deficiency.
    experimental_model
    Cross-sectional NHANES 1999–2002 sample of 1459 older adults with normal creatinine and specified clinical exclusions. Cognitive analysis n=1302.
    exposure
    Measured serum folate and B12/MMA; low B12 defined as serum B12 <148 pmol/L or MMA >210 nmol/L; high folate >59 nmol/L.
    limitations
    An association in one test is not causal dementia evidence. In B12-normal participants, high folate was associated with lower impairment odds.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The observed folate–cognition relationship depended on B12 status.
    primary_references
    [fol-morris2007] Folate and vitamin B-12 status in relation to anemia, macrocytosis, and cognitive impairment in older Americans in the age of folic acid fortification (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17209196/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.1.193
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1554–1565

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cross-sectional NHANES 1999–2002 sample of 1459 older adults with normal creatinine and specified clinical exclusions. Cognitive analysis n=1302. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-b12-low-high-folate-cognition High folate within low B12 status was associated with greater odds of cognitive impairment defined by Digit Symbol-Coding score below 34 (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1–6.1). Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The observed folate–cognition relationship depended on B12 status. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Cross-sectional NHANES 1999–2002 sample of 1459 older adults with normal creatinine and specified clinical exclusions. Cognitive analysis n=1302. limitations: An association in one test is not causal dementia evidence. In B12-normal participants, high folate was associated with lower impairment odds. exposure: Measured serum folate and B12/MMA; low B12 defined as serum B12 <148 pmol/L or MMA >210 nmol/L; high folate >59 nmol/L. cross_nutrient: Does not prove folic acid worsens neurologic injury or that methylfolate resolves B12 deficiency. [fol-morris2007] Folate and vitamin B-12 status in relation to anemia, macrocytosis, and cognitive impairment in older Americans in the age of folic acid fortification (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17209196/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.1.193
    Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

  1. Metformin was associated with a mean decrease in folate concentration of 5%, although after adjustment for body mass index and smoking no significant effect on folate remained.

    Metformin → Serum folate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/20488910.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6c9e09d44fe1103e6927321e925e69e31c38d1a688fd2ac18ea96927098de922", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2518, "text_sha256": "6c9e09d44fe1103e6927321e925e69e31c38d1a688fd2ac18ea96927098de922"}
    experimental_model
    Multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial, 390 people with type 2 diabetes on insulin
    exposure
    850 mg metformin three times daily for 4.3 years versus placebo
    limitations
    The strongest available human causal evidence for the B12 effect. It measured concentrations and deficiency incidence, not clinical deficiency syndromes.
    nutrient_topic
    Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. · Metformin
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    A small folate fall was seen but did not survive adjustment.
    primary_references
    [metformin-p20488910] Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial. (2010). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20488910/ DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c2181
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Whole body
    trigger_kind
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Metformin: transport, molecular targets, gut mechanisms and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 1061–1072

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial, 390 people with type 2 diabetes on insulin · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### metformin-b12-folate-decrease Metformin was associated with a mean decrease in folate concentration of 5%, although after adjustment for body mass index and smoking no significant effect on folate remained. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. plain_language: A small folate fall was seen but did not survive adjustment. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Whole body experimental_model: Multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial, 390 people with type 2 diabetes on insulin limitations: The strongest available human causal evidence for the B12 effect. It measured concentrations and deficiency incidence, not clinical deficiency syndromes. exposure: 850 mg metformin three times daily for 4.3 years versus placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/20488910.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6c9e09d44fe1103e6927321e925e69e31c38d1a688fd2ac18ea96927098de922", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2518, "text_sha256": "6c9e09d44fe1103e6927321e925e69e31c38d1a688fd2ac18ea96927098de922"} [metformin-p20488910] Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial. (2010). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20488910/ DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c2181
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Sixteen weeks of metformin reduced folate by 7% and vitamin B12 by 14% compared with placebo.

    Metformin → Serum folate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/14535967.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ef4341dbaf004103ac5bc1df34e7286abd679d4b7a072c26655550135221123a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1640, "text_sha256": "ef4341dbaf004103ac5bc1df34e7286abd679d4b7a072c26655550135221123a"}
    experimental_model
    Placebo-controlled randomised trial of 390 people with type 2 diabetes over 16 weeks
    exposure
    Metformin added to insulin for 16 weeks versus placebo
    limitations
    Short-duration randomised evidence that the folate and B12 changes precede a measurable homocysteine change.
    nutrient_topic
    Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. · Metformin
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Both vitamins fall within months, not only after years.
    primary_references
    [metformin-p14535967] Effects of short-term treatment with metformin on serum concentrations of homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. (2003). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14535967/ DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01213.x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Whole body
    trigger_kind
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Metformin: transport, molecular targets, gut mechanisms and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 1178–1189

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Placebo-controlled randomised trial of 390 people with type 2 diabetes over 16 weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### metformin-short-term-b12-folate Sixteen weeks of metformin reduced folate by 7% and vitamin B12 by 14% compared with placebo. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. plain_language: Both vitamins fall within months, not only after years. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Whole body experimental_model: Placebo-controlled randomised trial of 390 people with type 2 diabetes over 16 weeks limitations: Short-duration randomised evidence that the folate and B12 changes precede a measurable homocysteine change. exposure: Metformin added to insulin for 16 weeks versus placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/14535967.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ef4341dbaf004103ac5bc1df34e7286abd679d4b7a072c26655550135221123a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1640, "text_sha256": "ef4341dbaf004103ac5bc1df34e7286abd679d4b7a072c26655550135221123a"} [metformin-p14535967] Effects of short-term treatment with metformin on serum concentrations of homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. (2003). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14535967/ DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01213.x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. In 39 women studied for 30 days, folate stayed in the normal range across EGCG-containing-extract groups, including groups receiving clomiphene or letrozole.

    Green tea extract, study-specific mixture → Serum folate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Women aged 18–40; all groups received extract; selected MTHFR and DHFR genotypes considered.
    limitations
    No extract-free control, pregnancy outcome or long-term depletion test. Abstract dose terminology is inconsistent; no pure-EGCG dose is inferred.
    nutrient_topic
    EGCG collection; comparator and shared-pathway records retain their actual intervention. · Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)
    plain_language
    This short human study did not reproduce folate depletion.
    primary_references
    Evaluating the Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) in Reducing Folate Levels in Reproductive Aged Women by MTHFR and DHFR Genotype in Combination With Letrozole or Clomiphene. · 2025 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40077973/ · DOI 10.1111/cts.70189

    EGCG: receptor signaling, metabolism, nutrient interactions and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 156–162

    AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Women aged 18–40; all groups received extract; selected MTHFR and DHFR genotypes considered. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## egcg-human-folate This short human study did not reproduce folate depletion. In 39 women studied for 30 days, folate stayed in the normal range across EGCG-containing-extract groups, including groups receiving clomiphene or letrozole. Model: Women aged 18–40; all groups received extract; selected MTHFR and DHFR genotypes considered. Limitations: No extract-free control, pregnancy outcome or long-term depletion test. Abstract dose terminology is inconsistent; no pure-EGCG dose is inferred. Evidence access: primary abstract. Evaluating the Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) in Reducing Folate Levels in Reproductive Aged Women by MTHFR and DHFR Genotype in Combination With Letrozole or Clomiphene. · 2025 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40077973/ · DOI 10.1111/cts.70189
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. In the single-subject study, serum folate became abnormally low by day 219; RBC folate abnormality was reported at day 413 in the abstract/discussion and day 420 in the Results.

    Folate (vitamin B9) → Erythrocyte folate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
    experimental_model
    Single initially folate-replete 58-year-old male self-experiment with serial blood assays and marrow examinations.
    exposure
    Prolonged severe folate restriction, major energy restriction/weight loss, and multiple other nutrient supplements; replete diet plus folic acid during recovery.
    limitations
    Assay-dependent observations in a highly supplemented, initially replete individual with severe weight loss; these timings are not typical-person predictions. The paper gives inconsistent day counts for the RBC laboratory-limit crossing; both locations are retained.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Different blood compartments showed the shortage at different times.
    primary_references
    [fol-golding2014] Severe experimental folate deficiency in a human subject - a longitudinal study of biochemical and haematological responses as megaloblastic anaemia develops (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25332850/ DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-442
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints
    trigger_kind
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1505–1515

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Single initially folate-replete 58-year-old male self-experiment with serial blood assays and marrow examinations. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-severe-marker-sequence In the single-subject study, serum folate became abnormally low by day 219; RBC folate abnormality was reported at day 413 in the abstract/discussion and day 420 in the Results. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Different blood compartments showed the shortage at different times. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Single initially folate-replete 58-year-old male self-experiment with serial blood assays and marrow examinations. limitations: Assay-dependent observations in a highly supplemented, initially replete individual with severe weight loss; these timings are not typical-person predictions. The paper gives inconsistent day counts for the RBC laboratory-limit crossing; both locations are retained. exposure: Prolonged severe folate restriction, major energy restriction/weight loss, and multiple other nutrient supplements; replete diet plus folic acid during recovery. [fol-golding2014] Severe experimental folate deficiency in a human subject - a longitudinal study of biochemical and haematological responses as megaloblastic anaemia develops (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25332850/ DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-442
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards