Component

Plasma or serum chloride concentration

Plasma or serum chloride concentration. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Hypochloremia was associated with poor diuretic response in the heart-failure cohort.

    Plasma or serum chloride concentration → Renal response to loop diuretics source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/chloride-research/27507113.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927"}
    experimental_model
    Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot
    exposure
    162-person cohort; ten-person pilot, lysine chloride 115 mmol/day for three days
    limitations
    Association does not establish causality; the small pilot did not prove clinical benefit or survival improvement.
    nutrient_topic
    Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chloride
    organism
    Human heart failure patients
    plain_language
    A low blood measurement identified a pattern, without proving what caused it.
    primary_references
    [chloride-p27507113] Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507113/ DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003180
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Blood and renal diuretic response
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Chloride: transport, acid-base balance, nutrient interactions and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 939–950

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### chloride-heart-marker Hypochloremia was associated with poor diuretic response in the heart-failure cohort. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A low blood measurement identified a pattern, without proving what caused it. organism: Human heart failure patients tissue_or_cell_type: Blood and renal diuretic response experimental_model: Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot limitations: Association does not establish causality; the small pilot did not prove clinical benefit or survival improvement. exposure: 162-person cohort; ten-person pilot, lysine chloride 115 mmol/day for three days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chloride-research/27507113.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927"} [chloride-p27507113] Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507113/ DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003180
    Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

  1. The pilot reported a mean serum chloride rise of 2.2 mmol/L after sodium-free lysine chloride supplementation.

    Lysine chloride experimental supplement → Plasma or serum chloride concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/chloride-research/27507113.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927"}
    experimental_model
    Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot
    exposure
    162-person cohort; ten-person pilot, lysine chloride 115 mmol/day for three days
    limitations
    Association does not establish causality; the small pilot did not prove clinical benefit or survival improvement.
    nutrient_topic
    Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chloride
    organism
    Human heart failure patients
    plain_language
    The study tested a way to supply chloride without sodium; benefit remains unresolved.
    primary_references
    [chloride-p27507113] Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507113/ DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003180
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Blood and renal diuretic response

    Chloride: transport, acid-base balance, nutrient interactions and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 952–963

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### chloride-lysine-chloride The pilot reported a mean serum chloride rise of 2.2 mmol/L after sodium-free lysine chloride supplementation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The study tested a way to supply chloride without sodium; benefit remains unresolved. organism: Human heart failure patients tissue_or_cell_type: Blood and renal diuretic response experimental_model: Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot limitations: Association does not establish causality; the small pilot did not prove clinical benefit or survival improvement. exposure: 162-person cohort; ten-person pilot, lysine chloride 115 mmol/day for three days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chloride-research/27507113.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927"} [chloride-p27507113] Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507113/ DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003180
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Saline produced sustained hyperchloremia, unlike Plasma-Lyte 148.

    0.9% sodium chloride intravenous solution → Plasma or serum chloride concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/chloride-research/22580944.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7d2fb56addfe8ab376d6b086ad5d0da5220a0f6ceaa5733612d927ad2edb1814", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1757, "text_sha256": "7d2fb56addfe8ab376d6b086ad5d0da5220a0f6ceaa5733612d927ad2edb1814"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized blinded crossover
    exposure
    2 L saline or Plasma-Lyte 148 over one hour
    limitations
    IV fluid formulations differ in several components; short-term perfusion is not kidney failure or dietary salt exposure.
    nutrient_topic
    Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chloride
    organism
    Twelve healthy adult men
    plain_language
    The chloride content of a large IV fluid load changes blood chemistry.
    primary_references
    [chloride-p22580944] A randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover study on the effects of 2-L infusions of 0.9% saline and plasma-lyte® 148 on renal blood flow velocity and renal cortical tissue perfusion in healthy volunteers. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22580944/ DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e318256be72
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Renal MRI and blood chemistry

    Chloride: transport, acid-base balance, nutrient interactions and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 965–976

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized blinded crossover · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### chloride-saline-chloride Saline produced sustained hyperchloremia, unlike Plasma-Lyte 148. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The chloride content of a large IV fluid load changes blood chemistry. organism: Twelve healthy adult men tissue_or_cell_type: Renal MRI and blood chemistry experimental_model: Randomized blinded crossover limitations: IV fluid formulations differ in several components; short-term perfusion is not kidney failure or dietary salt exposure. exposure: 2 L saline or Plasma-Lyte 148 over one hour evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chloride-research/22580944.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7d2fb56addfe8ab376d6b086ad5d0da5220a0f6ceaa5733612d927ad2edb1814", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1757, "text_sha256": "7d2fb56addfe8ab376d6b086ad5d0da5220a0f6ceaa5733612d927ad2edb1814"} [chloride-p22580944] A randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover study on the effects of 2-L infusions of 0.9% saline and plasma-lyte® 148 on renal blood flow velocity and renal cortical tissue perfusion in healthy volunteers. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22580944/ DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e318256be72
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards