{"id":"f8876b4d-4a61-535d-94ae-999ffa8b7196","stable_key":"4df6a932-097e-563a-91fe-5dceec471ffd:chloride-lysine-chloride","predicate":"increases","statement":"The pilot reported a mean serum chloride rise of 2.2 mmol/L after sodium-free lysine chloride supplementation.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"872f92fb-7044-5dfb-846c-f80d9acbc88d","mechanism_event_label":"The study tested a way to supply chloride without sodium; benefit remains unresolved.","subject":{"id":"2101e6fb-cbc0-590c-8f2a-a3141b58626e","slug":"lysine-chloride","display_name":"Lysine chloride experimental supplement","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"object":{"id":"47e28f55-b42f-5862-aadf-40e1513680df","slug":"plasma-chloride-concentration","display_name":"Plasma or serum chloride concentration","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"872f92fb-7044-5dfb-846c-f80d9acbc88d","stable_key":"4df6a932-097e-563a-91fe-5dceec471ffd:chloride-lysine-chloride-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"The study tested a way to supply chloride without sodium; benefit remains unresolved.","description":"The pilot reported a mean serum chloride rise of 2.2 mmol/L after sodium-free lysine chloride supplementation.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"6f35aa38-f875-5759-b749-97a2f6480ff3","slug":"chloride-ion","display_name":"Chloride ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"supplemented_ion","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"2101e6fb-cbc0-590c-8f2a-a3141b58626e","slug":"lysine-chloride","display_name":"Lysine chloride experimental supplement","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"47e28f55-b42f-5862-aadf-40e1513680df","slug":"plasma-chloride-concentration","display_name":"Plasma or serum chloride concentration","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/chloride-research/27507113.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 2050, \"text_sha256\": \"978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"162-person cohort; ten-person pilot, lysine chloride 115 mmol/day for three days","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Association does not establish causality; the small pilot did not prove clinical benefit or survival improvement.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"chloride","display_name":"Chloride","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human heart failure patients","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The study tested a way to supply chloride without sodium; benefit remains unresolved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[chloride-p27507113] Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507113/ DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003180","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Blood and renal diuretic response","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"0ca3a10c-de49-53a7-a320-9ab9e04e5f9d","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 952-963","start_line":952,"end_line":963,"excerpt":"### chloride-lysine-chloride\nThe pilot reported a mean serum chloride rise of 2.2 mmol/L after sodium-free lysine chloride supplementation.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Chloride research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: The study tested a way to supply chloride without sodium; benefit remains unresolved.\norganism: Human heart failure patients\ntissue_or_cell_type: Blood and renal diuretic response\nexperimental_model: Observational cohort and separate uncontrolled pilot\nlimitations: Association does not establish causality; the small pilot did not prove clinical benefit or survival improvement.\nexposure: 162-person cohort; ten-person pilot, lysine chloride 115 mmol/day for three days\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/chloride-research/27507113.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 2050, \"text_sha256\": \"978879bf8054ce7c99ef939133966e618cc8030cb7bd624e250ce32002455927\"}\n[chloride-p27507113] Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights. 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