Component

RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract

RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract

6 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

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What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. The small Alzheimer extract trial found no significant between-group cognitive improvement.

    RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract → Cognitive outcomes in the 24-week RA-extract Alzheimer trial Recorded from sourceungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    experimental_contrast
    {"intervention": "RA-rich lemon-balm extract", "comparator": "Placebo", "endpoint": "The small Alzheimer extract trial found no significant between-group cognitive improvement.", "effect_direction": "no_detected_change", "combination": "single", "conditions": []} Explicit extracted experimental comparison; recorded from source.
    experimental_model
    23 randomized patients; 500 mg RA/day in extract for 24 weeks.
    interpretation_status
    Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.
    limitations
    Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.
    nutrient_topic
    Rosmarinic acid collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation. · Rosmarinic acid
    plain_language
    The small Alzheimer extract trial found no significant between-group cognitive improvement.
    primary_references
    Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33122694/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7596544/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73729-2
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference ra-alz-cognition-null; Safety/tolerability was primary; cognition was secondary.

    Rosmarinic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026) · lines 449–455

    AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed. · supports · 23 randomized patients; 500 mg RA/day in extract for 24 weeks. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source

    ### ra-alz-cognition-null The small Alzheimer extract trial found no significant between-group cognitive improvement. Safety/tolerability was primary; cognition was secondary. Model and exposure: 23 randomized patients; 500 mg RA/day in extract for 24 weeks. Limitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation. Reference: Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression. | 2020 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33122694/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7596544/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73729-2 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. NPI-Q improved by 0.5 points with extract and worsened by 0.7 with placebo at 24 weeks.

    RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract → NPI-Q in the 24-week RA-extract Alzheimer trial Recorded from sourceungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    experimental_contrast
    {"intervention": "RA-rich lemon-balm extract", "comparator": "Placebo", "endpoint": "NPI-Q improved by 0.5 points with extract and worsened by 0.7 with placebo at 24 weeks.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "combination": "single", "conditions": []} Explicit extracted experimental comparison; recorded from source.
    experimental_model
    Same trial; secondary neuropsychiatric endpoint, P=0.012.
    interpretation_status
    Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.
    limitations
    Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.
    nutrient_topic
    Rosmarinic acid collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation. · Rosmarinic acid
    plain_language
    NPI-Q improved by 0.5 points with extract and worsened by 0.7 with placebo at 24 weeks.
    primary_references
    Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33122694/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7596544/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73729-2
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference ra-alz-npi; Does not establish cognitive disease modification.

    Rosmarinic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026) · lines 457–463

    AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed. · supports · Same trial; secondary neuropsychiatric endpoint, P=0.012. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source

    ### ra-alz-npi NPI-Q improved by 0.5 points with extract and worsened by 0.7 with placebo at 24 weeks. Does not establish cognitive disease modification. Model and exposure: Same trial; secondary neuropsychiatric endpoint, P=0.012. Limitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation. Reference: Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression. | 2020 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33122694/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7596544/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73729-2 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. RA was below the stated CSF detection limit at the sampled trial visits.

    RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract → RA concentration in sampled human CSF Recorded from sourceungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    experimental_model
    Baseline and week 24; sampling generally 4–5 h after capsules; limit 0.0028 nM.
    interpretation_status
    Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.
    limitations
    Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.
    nutrient_topic
    Rosmarinic acid collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation. · Rosmarinic acid
    plain_language
    RA was below the stated CSF detection limit at the sampled trial visits.
    primary_references
    Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33122694/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7596544/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73729-2
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference ra-csf-detection; A negative sampled concentration is not proof of absent exposure at all earlier times.

    Rosmarinic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026) · lines 465–471

    AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed. · supports · Baseline and week 24; sampling generally 4–5 h after capsules; limit 0.0028 nM. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source

    ### ra-csf-detection RA was below the stated CSF detection limit at the sampled trial visits. A negative sampled concentration is not proof of absent exposure at all earlier times. Model and exposure: Baseline and week 24; sampling generally 4–5 h after capsules; limit 0.0028 nM. Limitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation. Reference: Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression. | 2020 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33122694/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7596544/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73729-2 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. At the same 500-mg-RA extract dose, intact RA Cmax was 124.03 nM fasting and 85.95 nM fed.

    RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract → Human serum unconjugated RA Recorded from sourceungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    experimental_model
    2015 human PK, Table 3.
    interpretation_status
    Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.
    limitations
    Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.
    nutrient_topic
    Rosmarinic acid collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation. · Rosmarinic acid
    plain_language
    At the same 500-mg-RA extract dose, intact RA Cmax was 124.03 nM fasting and 85.95 nM fed.
    primary_references
    Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Melissa officinalis Extract which Contained Rosmarinic Acid in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25978046/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4433273/ | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126422
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference ra-human-intact-exposure; Intact means unconjugated, not unbound. Fasting intact AUC0-48 was 228.77 nmol h/L; the abstract mislabels the total AUC of 832.13 as intact.

    Rosmarinic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026) · lines 43–49

    AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed. · supports · 2015 human PK, Table 3. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source

    ### ra-human-intact-exposure At the same 500-mg-RA extract dose, intact RA Cmax was 124.03 nM fasting and 85.95 nM fed. Intact means unconjugated, not unbound. Fasting intact AUC0-48 was 228.77 nmol h/L; the abstract mislabels the total AUC of 832.13 as intact. Model and exposure: 2015 human PK, Table 3. Limitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation. Reference: Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Melissa officinalis Extract which Contained Rosmarinic Acid in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | 2015 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25978046/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4433273/ | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126422 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  5. Extract providing 500 mg RA produced total serum Cmax of 162.20 nM fasting and 142.20 nM fed.

    RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract → Human serum total RA after deconjugation Recorded from sourceungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    experimental_model
    Healthy volunteers; six PK observations per condition, 11 participants across study arms.
    interpretation_status
    Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.
    limitations
    Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.
    nutrient_topic
    Rosmarinic acid collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation. · Rosmarinic acid
    plain_language
    Extract providing 500 mg RA produced total serum Cmax of 162.20 nM fasting and 142.20 nM fed.
    primary_references
    Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Melissa officinalis Extract which Contained Rosmarinic Acid in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25978046/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4433273/ | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126422
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference ra-human-total-exposure; Table 3: median total Tmax 1 h fasting, 3 h fed. Total includes hydrolysable conjugates; neither Tmax is a half-life.

    Rosmarinic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026) · lines 35–41

    AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed. · supports · Healthy volunteers; six PK observations per condition, 11 participants across study arms. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source

    ### ra-human-total-exposure Extract providing 500 mg RA produced total serum Cmax of 162.20 nM fasting and 142.20 nM fed. Table 3: median total Tmax 1 h fasting, 3 h fed. Total includes hydrolysable conjugates; neither Tmax is a half-life. Model and exposure: Healthy volunteers; six PK observations per condition, 11 participants across study arms. Limitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation. Reference: Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Melissa officinalis Extract which Contained Rosmarinic Acid in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | 2015 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25978046/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4433273/ | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126422 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  6. The 323-person trial found no significant overall cognitive advantage at 96 weeks.

    RA-enriched Melissa officinalis extract → Cognition in the 96-week RA-extract trial Recorded from sourceungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.
    experimental_contrast
    {"intervention": "RA-rich lemon-balm extract", "comparator": "Placebo", "endpoint": "The 323-person trial found no significant overall cognitive advantage at 96 weeks.", "effect_direction": "no_detected_change", "combination": "single", "conditions": []} Explicit extracted experimental comparison; recorded from source.
    experimental_model
    Subjective or mild cognitive impairment; extract providing 500 mg RA/day; placebo-controlled, 24-week washout.
    interpretation_status
    Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.
    limitations
    Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.
    nutrient_topic
    Rosmarinic acid collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation. · Rosmarinic acid
    plain_language
    The 323-person trial found no significant overall cognitive advantage at 96 weeks.
    primary_references
    Effects of Melissa officinalis Extract Containing Rosmarinic Acid on Cognition in Older Adults Without Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36502333/ | https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-220953
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference ra-long-cognition-null; Nonhypertensive subgroup wording requires verification: the abstract-listed changes do not align with its favorable conclusion.

    Rosmarinic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026) · lines 473–479

    AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed. · supports · Subjective or mild cognitive impairment; extract providing 500 mg RA/day; placebo-controlled, 24-week washout. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source

    ### ra-long-cognition-null The 323-person trial found no significant overall cognitive advantage at 96 weeks. Nonhypertensive subgroup wording requires verification: the abstract-listed changes do not align with its favorable conclusion. Model and exposure: Subjective or mild cognitive impairment; extract providing 500 mg RA/day; placebo-controlled, 24-week washout. Limitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation. Reference: Effects of Melissa officinalis Extract Containing Rosmarinic Acid on Cognition in Older Adults Without Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | 2023 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36502333/ | https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-220953 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.