Component

Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison

Study-defined Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison. Read each linked record for species, exposure and endpoint.

5 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. The administered D2 and D3 produced similar initial rises in their respective parent calciferol serum concentrations.

    Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison → Serum administered parent calciferol concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    false
    experimental_model
    Human single-dose comparison; 20 healthy men; 28-day follow-up
    exposure
    One oral 50, 000-IU dose of D2 or D3; serial serum measures for 28 days.
    limitations
    Single 50, 000-IU dose in healthy men; biochemical response, not fracture efficacy. Model-extrapolated potency is not a universal IU conversion.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The two forms entered the circulation similarly in this single-dose experiment.
    primary_references
    [armas2004] Vitamin D2 is much less effective than vitamin D3 in humans. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15531486/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-0360
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human circulating measurements

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1223–1234

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human single-dose comparison; 20 healthy men; 28-day follow-up · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-armas-parent-appearance The administered D2 and D3 produced similar initial rises in their respective parent calciferol serum concentrations. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The two forms entered the circulation similarly in this single-dose experiment. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human circulating measurements experimental_model: Human single-dose comparison; 20 healthy men; 28-day follow-up limitations: Single 50, 000-IU dose in healthy men; biochemical response, not fracture efficacy. Model-extrapolated potency is not a universal IU conversion. exposure: One oral 50, 000-IU dose of D2 or D3; serial serum measures for 28 days. cross_nutrient: false [armas2004] Vitamin D2 is much less effective than vitamin D3 in humans. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15531486/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-0360
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Difference-in-difference testing found no significant probe changes in the white-European cohort or pooled D2/D3-versus-placebo analyses; five were found specifically for D3 versus placebo in the South-Asian cohort, largely driven by placebo-group changes.

    Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison → Placebo-adjusted whole-blood transcriptome contrast source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    false
    experimental_model
    97 participant transcriptomic subset of Tripkovic 2017; 67 white-European and 30 South-Asian women
    exposure
    15 micrograms/day D2 or D3 or placebo for 12 winter weeks; blood microarrays at baseline/end.
    limitations
    Exploratory selected trial subset; differences in baseline status, season and whole-blood cell composition may matter. Within-group significance is not a significant difference between groups; no infection endpoint.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The strongest direct comparisons were much less conclusive than the within-group gene-change lists.
    primary_references
    [durrant2022] Vitamins D2 and D3 Have Overlapping But Different Effects on the Human Immune System Revealed Through Analysis of the Blood Transcriptome. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35281034/ DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.790444
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Whole blood

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1087–1098

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 97 participant transcriptomic subset of Tripkovic 2017; 67 white-European and 30 South-Asian women · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-durrant-direct-contrast Difference-in-difference testing found no significant probe changes in the white-European cohort or pooled D2/D3-versus-placebo analyses; five were found specifically for D3 versus placebo in the South-Asian cohort, largely driven by placebo-group changes. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The strongest direct comparisons were much less conclusive than the within-group gene-change lists. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Whole blood experimental_model: 97 participant transcriptomic subset of Tripkovic 2017; 67 white-European and 30 South-Asian women limitations: Exploratory selected trial subset; differences in baseline status, season and whole-blood cell composition may matter. Within-group significance is not a significant difference between groups; no infection endpoint. exposure: 15 micrograms/day D2 or D3 or placebo for 12 winter weeks; blood microarrays at baseline/end. cross_nutrient: false [durrant2022] Vitamins D2 and D3 Have Overlapping But Different Effects on the Human Immune System Revealed Through Analysis of the Blood Transcriptome. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35281034/ DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.790444
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. All three regimens approximately tripled total 25(OH)D; daily D2 versus daily D3 differed by 7% with P=0.82.

    Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison → Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    true
    experimental_model
    Six-week randomized comparison in 40 infants/toddlers with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL; all prescribed calcium
    exposure
    D2 2000 IU/day, D2 50, 000 IU/week or D3 2000 IU/day for 6 weeks; all also 50 mg/kg/day elemental calcium.
    limitations
    Small pediatric trial; D and calcium effects cannot be separated; biochemical outcomes do not establish long-term comparative safety.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    D2 could correct the low marker too in this short pediatric study.
    primary_references
    [gordon2008] Treatment of hypovitaminosis D in infants and toddlers. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18413426/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2790
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human circulating measurements
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1470–1481

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Six-week randomized comparison in 40 infants/toddlers with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL; all prescribed calcium · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-gordon-25-response All three regimens approximately tripled total 25(OH)D; daily D2 versus daily D3 differed by 7% with P=0.82. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: D2 could correct the low marker too in this short pediatric study. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human circulating measurements experimental_model: Six-week randomized comparison in 40 infants/toddlers with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL; all prescribed calcium limitations: Small pediatric trial; D and calcium effects cannot be separated; biochemical outcomes do not establish long-term comparative safety. exposure: D2 2000 IU/day, D2 50, 000 IU/week or D3 2000 IU/day for 6 weeks; all also 50 mg/kg/day elemental calcium. cross_nutrient: true [gordon2008] Treatment of hypovitaminosis D in infants and toddlers. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18413426/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2790
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. PTH suppression did not differ significantly among the three vitamin D regimens given with calcium.

    Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison → Serum PTH concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    true
    experimental_model
    Six-week randomized comparison in 40 infants/toddlers with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL; all prescribed calcium
    exposure
    D2 2000 IU/day, D2 50, 000 IU/week or D3 2000 IU/day for 6 weeks; all also 50 mg/kg/day elemental calcium.
    limitations
    Small pediatric trial; D and calcium effects cannot be separated; biochemical outcomes do not establish long-term comparative safety.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The hormone response was not detectably different between these treatment groups.
    primary_references
    [gordon2008] Treatment of hypovitaminosis D in infants and toddlers. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18413426/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2790
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human circulating measurements
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1483–1494

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Six-week randomized comparison in 40 infants/toddlers with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL; all prescribed calcium · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-gordon-pth PTH suppression did not differ significantly among the three vitamin D regimens given with calcium. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The hormone response was not detectably different between these treatment groups. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human circulating measurements experimental_model: Six-week randomized comparison in 40 infants/toddlers with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL; all prescribed calcium limitations: Small pediatric trial; D and calcium effects cannot be separated; biochemical outcomes do not establish long-term comparative safety. exposure: D2 2000 IU/day, D2 50, 000 IU/week or D3 2000 IU/day for 6 weeks; all also 50 mg/kg/day elemental calcium. cross_nutrient: true [gordon2008] Treatment of hypovitaminosis D in infants and toddlers. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18413426/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2790
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  5. With the 500-IU D2 plus 500-IU D3 daily combination, mean total 25(OH)D rose from 20.2 to 28.4 ng/mL.

    Matched-dose D2 versus D3 comparison → Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    false
    experimental_model
    Double-blind placebo-controlled daily D2/D3/mixed trial; 68 adults represented in Fig.1; 11 weeks
    exposure
    Daily D2 1000 IU, D3 1000 IU, mixed 500+500 IU or placebo; 11 winter weeks.
    limitations
    Small groups and biochemical endpoints; authors reported comparable responses. Daily regimen differs from single-dose and food-fortification studies.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    A mixture also raised the marker; this was not a test proving synergy.
    primary_references
    [holick2008] Vitamin D2 is as effective as vitamin D3 in maintaining circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18089691/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2308
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human circulating measurements

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1275–1286

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Double-blind placebo-controlled daily D2/D3/mixed trial; 68 adults represented in Fig.1; 11 weeks · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-holick-mixed With the 500-IU D2 plus 500-IU D3 daily combination, mean total 25(OH)D rose from 20.2 to 28.4 ng/mL. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A mixture also raised the marker; this was not a test proving synergy. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human circulating measurements experimental_model: Double-blind placebo-controlled daily D2/D3/mixed trial; 68 adults represented in Fig.1; 11 weeks limitations: Small groups and biochemical endpoints; authors reported comparable responses. Daily regimen differs from single-dose and food-fortification studies. exposure: Daily D2 1000 IU, D3 1000 IU, mixed 500+500 IU or placebo; 11 winter weeks. cross_nutrient: false [holick2008] Vitamin D2 is as effective as vitamin D3 in maintaining circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18089691/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2308
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

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