Component

Human melatonin receptor 1A / MT1 / MTNR1A

Human melatonin receptor 1A / MT1 / MTNR1A. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

5 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Agonist-bound human MT1 was structurally resolved in a Gi signaling complex.

    Human melatonin receptor 1A / MT1 / MTNR1A → Inhibitory heterotrimeric G protein / Gi, assay-specified subunits source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35075127.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "08af0c72228d7c72723f238e83eeabef1ca9196833c7e385ed0c75577c97024b", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1239, "text_sha256": "08af0c72228d7c72723f238e83eeabef1ca9196833c7e385ed0c75577c97024b"}
    experimental_model
    Cryo-EM structures and functional receptor assays
    exposure
    2-iodomelatonin/ramelteon for MT1; ramelteon for MT2
    limitations
    Structures used agonists, not native melatonin in every complex. Receptor structure does not itself prove clinical effects or subtype-selective supplement actions.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    Human MT1 and MT2 signaling complexes
    plain_language
    The receptor and its signaling partner are separate searchable components.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p35075127] Structural basis of the ligand binding and signaling mechanism of melatonin receptors. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35075127/ DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28111-3
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Agonist-bound receptor-Gi coupling

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 396–407

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cryo-EM structures and functional receptor assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-mt1-gi-structure Agonist-bound human MT1 was structurally resolved in a Gi signaling complex. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The receptor and its signaling partner are separate searchable components. organism: Human MT1 and MT2 signaling complexes tissue_or_cell_type: Agonist-bound receptor-Gi coupling experimental_model: Cryo-EM structures and functional receptor assays limitations: Structures used agonists, not native melatonin in every complex. Receptor structure does not itself prove clinical effects or subtype-selective supplement actions. exposure: 2-iodomelatonin/ramelteon for MT1; ramelteon for MT2 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35075127.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "08af0c72228d7c72723f238e83eeabef1ca9196833c7e385ed0c75577c97024b", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1239, "text_sha256": "08af0c72228d7c72723f238e83eeabef1ca9196833c7e385ed0c75577c97024b"} [melatonin-p35075127] Structural basis of the ligand binding and signaling mechanism of melatonin receptors. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35075127/ DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28111-3
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Expressed human MT1 showed high-affinity iodinated-melatonin binding.

    Human melatonin receptor 1A / MT1 / MTNR1A → MT1 high-affinity agonist binding source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/7946354.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "4eed36768519d1c02ed67434eb3dc08eb561de445d3532113e7eaeb2827e021f", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1054, "text_sha256": "4eed36768519d1c02ed67434eb3dc08eb561de445d3532113e7eaeb2827e021f"}
    experimental_model
    Receptor cloning, radioligand binding and functional expression
    exposure
    Heterologous COS-7 binding and NIH3T3 functional assays
    limitations
    Species differ across experiments. High-affinity radioligand binding is separated from the sheep functional assay.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    Human and sheep MT1 in cells; functional cyclase assay used sheep receptor
    plain_language
    MT1 has its own molecular identity; it is not interchangeable with MT2.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p7946354] Cloning and characterization of a mammalian melatonin receptor that mediates reproductive and circadian responses. (1994). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7946354/ DOI: 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90055-8
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Melatonin receptor identification

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 357–368

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Receptor cloning, radioligand binding and functional expression · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-mt1-human-binding Expressed human MT1 showed high-affinity iodinated-melatonin binding. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: MT1 has its own molecular identity; it is not interchangeable with MT2. organism: Human and sheep MT1 in cells; functional cyclase assay used sheep receptor tissue_or_cell_type: Melatonin receptor identification experimental_model: Receptor cloning, radioligand binding and functional expression limitations: Species differ across experiments. High-affinity radioligand binding is separated from the sheep functional assay. exposure: Heterologous COS-7 binding and NIH3T3 functional assays evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/7946354.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "4eed36768519d1c02ed67434eb3dc08eb561de445d3532113e7eaeb2827e021f", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1054, "text_sha256": "4eed36768519d1c02ed67434eb3dc08eb561de445d3532113e7eaeb2827e021f"} [melatonin-p7946354] Cloning and characterization of a mammalian melatonin receptor that mediates reproductive and circadian responses. (1994). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7946354/ DOI: 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90055-8
    Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

  1. GPR50 formed heterodimers with MT1 in the tested cell systems.

    Human melatonin-related orphan receptor / GPR50 → Human melatonin receptor 1A / MT1 / MTNR1A source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/16778767.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135"}
    experimental_model
    Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments
    exposure
    Full-length versus C-terminally truncated GPR50
    limitations
    Cell-system regulation; does not establish that a person with poor sleep has excess GPR50 or that more melatonin overcomes it.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    Human receptors in cultured cells
    plain_language
    A receptor partner can alter access to a signaling route.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p16778767] The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778767/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193
    tissue_or_cell_type
    GPR50-MT1/MT2 interactions

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 422–433

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-gpr50-mt1-heteromer GPR50 formed heterodimers with MT1 in the tested cell systems. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A receptor partner can alter access to a signaling route. organism: Human receptors in cultured cells tissue_or_cell_type: GPR50-MT1/MT2 interactions experimental_model: Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments limitations: Cell-system regulation; does not establish that a person with poor sleep has excess GPR50 or that more melatonin overcomes it. exposure: Full-length versus C-terminally truncated GPR50 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/16778767.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135"} [melatonin-p16778767] The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778767/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. GPR50 abolished MT1 high-affinity agonist binding within the heterodimer.

    Human melatonin-related orphan receptor / GPR50 → MT1 high-affinity agonist binding source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/16778767.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135"}
    experimental_model
    Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments
    exposure
    Full-length versus C-terminally truncated GPR50
    limitations
    Cell-system regulation; does not establish that a person with poor sleep has excess GPR50 or that more melatonin overcomes it.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    Human receptors in cultured cells
    plain_language
    Available hormone and functional receptor machinery are different requirements.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p16778767] The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778767/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193
    tissue_or_cell_type
    GPR50-MT1/MT2 interactions
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 448–459

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-gpr50-mt1-binding GPR50 abolished MT1 high-affinity agonist binding within the heterodimer. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Available hormone and functional receptor machinery are different requirements. organism: Human receptors in cultured cells tissue_or_cell_type: GPR50-MT1/MT2 interactions experimental_model: Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments limitations: Cell-system regulation; does not establish that a person with poor sleep has excess GPR50 or that more melatonin overcomes it. exposure: Full-length versus C-terminally truncated GPR50 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/16778767.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135"} [melatonin-p16778767] The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778767/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. GPR50 abolished MT1 G-protein coupling within the heterodimer.

    Human melatonin-related orphan receptor / GPR50 → MT1 coupling to inhibitory G proteins source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/16778767.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135"}
    experimental_model
    Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments
    exposure
    Full-length versus C-terminally truncated GPR50
    limitations
    Cell-system regulation; does not establish that a person with poor sleep has excess GPR50 or that more melatonin overcomes it.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    Human receptors in cultured cells
    plain_language
    Available hormone and functional receptor machinery are different requirements.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p16778767] The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778767/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193
    tissue_or_cell_type
    GPR50-MT1/MT2 interactions
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 461–472

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-gpr50-mt1-coupling GPR50 abolished MT1 G-protein coupling within the heterodimer. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Available hormone and functional receptor machinery are different requirements. organism: Human receptors in cultured cells tissue_or_cell_type: GPR50-MT1/MT2 interactions experimental_model: Biochemical and biophysical receptor heteromer experiments limitations: Cell-system regulation; does not establish that a person with poor sleep has excess GPR50 or that more melatonin overcomes it. exposure: Full-length versus C-terminally truncated GPR50 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/16778767.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "19c9ae903fb7926bb21cc3bda0a610612b16a899f850b8e787581b72ac434135"} [melatonin-p16778767] The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization. (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778767/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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