Component

HDL cholesterol concentration

HDL cholesterol concentration. The model and exposure of each linked claim define its scope.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. HDL cholesterol increased compared with placebo.

    Mangiferin → HDL cholesterol concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mangiferin-research/25989216.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1522, "text_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539"}
    experimental_model
    Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
    exposure
    Mangiferin 150 mg/day for 12 weeks
    limitations
    One trial in a selected population; biomarkers do not demonstrate clinical outcomes or directly measure fatty-acid flux.
    nutrient_topic
    Mangiferin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Mangiferin
    organism
    Overweight adults with hyperlipidemia; 97 completers
    plain_language
    The measured lipoprotein profile changed.
    primary_references
    [mangiferin-p25989216] Mangiferin supplementation improves serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25989216/ DOI: 10.1038/srep10344
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Serum metabolic measurements

    Mangiferin: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1186–1197

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mangiferin-trial-hdl HDL cholesterol increased compared with placebo. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mangiferin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The measured lipoprotein profile changed. organism: Overweight adults with hyperlipidemia; 97 completers tissue_or_cell_type: Serum metabolic measurements experimental_model: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial limitations: One trial in a selected population; biomarkers do not demonstrate clinical outcomes or directly measure fatty-acid flux. exposure: Mangiferin 150 mg/day for 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mangiferin-research/25989216.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1522, "text_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539"} [mangiferin-p25989216] Mangiferin supplementation improves serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25989216/ DOI: 10.1038/srep10344
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. The combined-treatment group had higher HDL cholesterol than the other groups in the reported analysis.

    Chromium → HDL cholesterol concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/chromium-research/38228168.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b4c183c056f1fb256f33169031be43fd7c78d14601c85ea237e46987c7923be3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1788, "text_sha256": "b4c183c056f1fb256f33169031be43fd7c78d14601c85ea237e46987c7923be3"}
    experimental_model
    Four-arm three-month randomized supplementation study; 120 adults
    exposure
    Chromium, magnesium, combined supplementation or placebo; participants recruited February 2012–February 2015; trial chiCTR-TRC-14004863
    limitations
    Do not count this automatically as independent replication of the earlier 120-person report. Small groups and baseline sex imbalance limit interpretation. The abstract’s oxidative-marker wording must be read with its p>0.05 combination-versus-single result.
    nutrient_topic
    Chromium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chromium
    organism
    Human with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance
    plain_language
    The trial also reported a lipid change with the combination.
    primary_references
    [chromium-p38228168] Effects of co-supplementation of chromium and magnesium on metabolic profiles, inflammation, and oxidative stress in impaired glucose tolerance. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38228168/ DOI: 10.1177/14791641241228156
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Blood metabolic and oxidative-stress biomarkers

    Chromium: transport, insulin signaling, nutrient interactions and essentiality debate (2026-09-17) · lines 614–625

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Four-arm three-month randomized supplementation study; 120 adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### chromium-magnesium-hdl The combined-treatment group had higher HDL cholesterol than the other groups in the reported analysis. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chromium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The trial also reported a lipid change with the combination. organism: Human with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance tissue_or_cell_type: Blood metabolic and oxidative-stress biomarkers experimental_model: Four-arm three-month randomized supplementation study; 120 adults limitations: Do not count this automatically as independent replication of the earlier 120-person report. Small groups and baseline sex imbalance limit interpretation. The abstract’s oxidative-marker wording must be read with its p>0.05 combination-versus-single result. exposure: Chromium, magnesium, combined supplementation or placebo; participants recruited February 2012–February 2015; trial chiCTR-TRC-14004863 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chromium-research/38228168.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b4c183c056f1fb256f33169031be43fd7c78d14601c85ea237e46987c7923be3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1788, "text_sha256": "b4c183c056f1fb256f33169031be43fd7c78d14601c85ea237e46987c7923be3"} [chromium-p38228168] Effects of co-supplementation of chromium and magnesium on metabolic profiles, inflammation, and oxidative stress in impaired glucose tolerance. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38228168/ DOI: 10.1177/14791641241228156
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. In AIM-HIGH, median HDL cholesterol in the niacin arm rose from 35 to 42 mg/dL at two years, with concurrent triglyceride and LDL reductions.

    Nicotinic acid → HDL cholesterol concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    Niacin precursor form and the measured endpoint are separate graph entities.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/aimhigh2011.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "eefcc0d7eed5694eb9d1861a06fc5a256986753607c2095996304fd0de25f3aa", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2340, "text_sha256": "eefcc0d7eed5694eb9d1861a06fc5a256986753607c2095996304fd0de25f3aa"}
    experimental_model
    AIM-HIGH randomized trial; 3,414 patients with established cardiovascular disease on intensive statin therapy
    exposure
    Extended-release nicotinic acid 1,500–2,000 mg/day versus placebo; mean 3-year follow-up
    limitations
    Pharmacological dosing added to statin therapy. Lipid changes are not equivalent to clinical benefit. Trial stopped for lack of efficacy; no inference about treating dietary niacin deficiency.
    nutrient_topic
    Niacin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Niacin (vitamin B3)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The drug changed blood lipids in the intended direction.
    primary_references
    [nia-clin-aimhigh2011] Niacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapy. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22085343/ DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1107579
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Circulating lipids and cardiovascular outcomes

    Niacin: NAD metabolism, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1375–1387

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · AIM-HIGH randomized trial; 3,414 patients with established cardiovascular disease on intensive statin therapy · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### nia-clin-aimhigh-hdl In AIM-HIGH, median HDL cholesterol in the niacin arm rose from 35 to 42 mg/dL at two years, with concurrent triglyceride and LDL reductions. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Niacin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The drug changed blood lipids in the intended direction. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Circulating lipids and cardiovascular outcomes experimental_model: AIM-HIGH randomized trial; 3,414 patients with established cardiovascular disease on intensive statin therapy limitations: Pharmacological dosing added to statin therapy. Lipid changes are not equivalent to clinical benefit. Trial stopped for lack of efficacy; no inference about treating dietary niacin deficiency. exposure: Extended-release nicotinic acid 1,500–2,000 mg/day versus placebo; mean 3-year follow-up cross_nutrient: Niacin precursor form and the measured endpoint are separate graph entities. evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/aimhigh2011.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed primary abstract", "file_sha256": "eefcc0d7eed5694eb9d1861a06fc5a256986753607c2095996304fd0de25f3aa", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2340, "text_sha256": "eefcc0d7eed5694eb9d1861a06fc5a256986753607c2095996304fd0de25f3aa"} [nia-clin-aimhigh2011] Niacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapy. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22085343/ DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1107579
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Oat beta-glucan in doses at or above 3 grams per day reduced low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol relative to control by 0.25 mmol/L with 95% CI 0.20 to 0.30 and 0.30 mmol/L with 95% CI 0.24 to 0.35 respectively, there was no significant effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglycerides and no evidence that dose across a range of 3.0 to 12.4 grams per day or duration of treatment from 2 to 12 weeks influenced the results, and LDL cholesterol lowering was significantly greater with higher baseline LDL cholesterol.

    Oat mixed-linkage beta-(1->3)/(1->4)-glucan → LDL cholesterol concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/25411276.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "33075c61a20f22975ba8719b6ef8834ce254f1d4e3ede6ca5d89cd4d81a82b28", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2072, "text_sha256": "33075c61a20f22975ba8719b6ef8834ce254f1d4e3ede6ca5d89cd4d81a82b28"}
    experimental_model
    Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression of 28 randomised controlled trials at or above 3 grams per day
    exposure
    Oat beta-glucan at 3.0 to 12.4 grams per day against an appropriate control for 2 to 12 weeks
    limitations
    A meta-analysis with some indication of heterogeneity. The diabetes subgroup rests on few studies, and in-house study reports from a commercial source were among those searched.
    nutrient_topic
    Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. · Beta-glucan
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Three grams a day takes about a quarter of a millimole off the harmful cholesterol and leaves the other lipids alone.
    primary_references
    [bg-p25411276] Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25411276/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.086108
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Serum lipids

    Beta-glucan: a structural family rather than an agent, what decides whether a bound glucan actually signals, the complement route that a cereal and a yeast preparation share, and the unequal human evidence behind each (2026-09-22) · lines 489–500

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression of 28 randomised controlled trials at or above 3 grams per day · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### bg-oat-glucan-lowers-ldl Oat beta-glucan in doses at or above 3 grams per day reduced low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol relative to control by 0.25 mmol/L with 95% CI 0.20 to 0.30 and 0.30 mmol/L with 95% CI 0.24 to 0.35 respectively, there was no significant effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglycerides and no evidence that dose across a range of 3.0 to 12.4 grams per day or duration of treatment from 2 to 12 weeks influenced the results, and LDL cholesterol lowering was significantly greater with higher baseline LDL cholesterol. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. plain_language: Three grams a day takes about a quarter of a millimole off the harmful cholesterol and leaves the other lipids alone. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Serum lipids experimental_model: Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression of 28 randomised controlled trials at or above 3 grams per day limitations: A meta-analysis with some indication of heterogeneity. The diabetes subgroup rests on few studies, and in-house study reports from a commercial source were among those searched. exposure: Oat beta-glucan at 3.0 to 12.4 grams per day against an appropriate control for 2 to 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/25411276.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "33075c61a20f22975ba8719b6ef8834ce254f1d4e3ede6ca5d89cd4d81a82b28", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2072, "text_sha256": "33075c61a20f22975ba8719b6ef8834ce254f1d4e3ede6ca5d89cd4d81a82b28"} [bg-p25411276] Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25411276/ DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.086108
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards