Component

Cone dark adaptation

Cone dark adaptation; measured endpoint and experimental scope are stated in linked claims.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. Müller-directed Degs1 deletion did not slow cone dark adaptation after greater than 90% pigment bleaching in isolated mouse retinas or intact eyes.

    Müller-directed DES1 loss → Cone dark adaptation source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    false
    evidence_location
    Figure 7C-D
    experimental_model
    Degs1-flox/Pdgfra-Cre conditional knockout on Gnat1-null background
    exposure
    505-nm ex vivo or 520-nm in vivo bleach; mutant versus heterozygous littermate controls.
    limitations
    Does not exclude other DES1 functions, residual extra-Müller activity, or species-specific contributions.
    nutrient
    Vitamin A · Vitamin A
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin A expansion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin A
    organism
    Mus musculus
    plain_language
    The tested mice regenerated cone pigment normally despite targeted DES1 loss.
    primary_references
    [vav-kiser2019] Conditional deletion of Des1 in the mouse retina does not impair the visual cycle in cones. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30645148/ DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802493r
    tissue_or_cell_type
    neural retina and intact-eye recordings
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Vitamin A expansion: reproduction, light-driven vision and shared mechanisms (2026-09-17) · lines 618–631

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Degs1-flox/Pdgfra-Cre conditional knockout on Gnat1-null background · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vae-des1-deletion-cone-recovery Müller-directed Degs1 deletion did not slow cone dark adaptation after greater than 90% pigment bleaching in isolated mouse retinas or intact eyes. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Vitamin A expansion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The tested mice regenerated cone pigment normally despite targeted DES1 loss. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: neural retina and intact-eye recordings experimental_model: Degs1-flox/Pdgfra-Cre conditional knockout on Gnat1-null background limitations: Does not exclude other DES1 functions, residual extra-Müller activity, or species-specific contributions. exposure: 505-nm ex vivo or 520-nm in vivo bleach; mutant versus heterozygous littermate controls. cross_nutrient: false evidence_location: Figure 7C-D nutrient: Vitamin A [vav-kiser2019] Conditional deletion of Des1 in the mouse retina does not impair the visual cycle in cones. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30645148/ DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802493r
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Six3-Cre-directed Rdh10 deletion left mouse cone dark adaptation comparable to controls after pigment bleaching in isolated retinas and intact eyes.

    Retina-directed RDH10 loss → Cone dark adaptation source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    cross_nutrient
    false
    evidence_location
    Figure 7A-B; Results: retina RDH10 and dark adaptation
    experimental_model
    Six3-Cre Rdh10-flox homozygotes on Gnat1-null background
    exposure
    Approximately 90% pigment bleach; Figure 7A-B.
    limitations
    Müller-specific mutants were not separately tested for dark adaptation; whole-retina results must not be relabeled as that experiment.
    nutrient
    Vitamin A · Vitamin A
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin A expansion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin A
    organism
    Mus musculus
    plain_language
    Removing neural-retinal RDH10 did not impair the tested cone recovery.
    primary_references
    [vav-xue2017] The role of retinol dehydrogenase 10 in the cone visual cycle. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28539612/ DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02549-8
    tissue_or_cell_type
    neural retina; intact-eye and transretinal ERG
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Vitamin A expansion: reproduction, light-driven vision and shared mechanisms (2026-09-17) · lines 648–661

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Six3-Cre Rdh10-flox homozygotes on Gnat1-null background · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vae-rdh10-retinal-deletion-recovery Six3-Cre-directed Rdh10 deletion left mouse cone dark adaptation comparable to controls after pigment bleaching in isolated retinas and intact eyes. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Vitamin A expansion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Removing neural-retinal RDH10 did not impair the tested cone recovery. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: neural retina; intact-eye and transretinal ERG experimental_model: Six3-Cre Rdh10-flox homozygotes on Gnat1-null background limitations: Müller-specific mutants were not separately tested for dark adaptation; whole-retina results must not be relabeled as that experiment. exposure: Approximately 90% pigment bleach; Figure 7A-B. cross_nutrient: false evidence_location: Figure 7A-B; Results: retina RDH10 and dark adaptation nutrient: Vitamin A [vav-xue2017] The role of retinol dehydrogenase 10 in the cone visual cycle. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28539612/ DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02549-8
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Müller-cell-directed CRALBP restoration in Rlbp1-null/Gnat1-null mice improved cone recovery in the isolated-retina paradigm.

    Cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein / CRALBP → Cone dark adaptation source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Cell-directed AAV rescue; ex vivo cone ERG
    intervention
    AAV protein restoration in genetic knockout
    limitations
    Rescue from global deletion is not equivalent to deleting only Müller CRALBP in an intact eye.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin A
    organism
    Mus musculus
    plain_language
    Müller-cell CRALBP can support a retinal route for cone pigment renewal.
    primary_references
    [xue-2015] CRALBP supports the mammalian retinal visual cycle and cone vision (2015). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4319437/ DOI: 10.1172/JCI79651
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Müller glia and cone retina

    Vitamin A: forms, mechanisms, deficiency and excess (2026-09-17) · lines 882–892

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cell-directed AAV rescue; ex vivo cone ERG · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### a-vision-muller-cralbp-cones Müller-cell-directed CRALBP restoration in Rlbp1-null/Gnat1-null mice improved cone recovery in the isolated-retina paradigm. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Müller-cell CRALBP can support a retinal route for cone pigment renewal. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Müller glia and cone retina experimental_model: Cell-directed AAV rescue; ex vivo cone ERG limitations: Rescue from global deletion is not equivalent to deleting only Müller CRALBP in an intact eye. intervention: AAV protein restoration in genetic knockout [xue-2015] CRALBP supports the mammalian retinal visual cycle and cone vision (2015). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4319437/ DOI: 10.1172/JCI79651
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Müller-glia-selective CRALBP knockout mildly affected cone pigment regeneration, while bulk chromophore regeneration remained normal.

    Müller-glia-selective CRALBP loss → Cone dark adaptation source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
    experimental_model
    Timed Müller-glia-selective deletion
    limitations
    Different preparation from global-knockout rescue; relative route contributions depend on experimental context.
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin A
    organism
    Mus musculus
    plain_language
    In this cell-specific model, the RPE supplied most measured chromophore renewal.
    primary_references
    [bassetto-2024] Dominant role for pigment epithelial CRALBP in supplying visual chromophore to photoreceptors (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38676924/ DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114143
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Müller glia and retina
    trigger_kind
    machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Vitamin A: forms, mechanisms, deficiency and excess (2026-09-17) · lines 894–903

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Timed Müller-glia-selective deletion · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### a-vision-muller-cralbp-qualified Müller-glia-selective CRALBP knockout mildly affected cone pigment regeneration, while bulk chromophore regeneration remained normal. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: In this cell-specific model, the RPE supplied most measured chromophore renewal. organism: Mus musculus tissue_or_cell_type: Müller glia and retina experimental_model: Timed Müller-glia-selective deletion limitations: Different preparation from global-knockout rescue; relative route contributions depend on experimental context. [bassetto-2024] Dominant role for pigment epithelial CRALBP in supplying visual chromophore to photoreceptors (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38676924/ DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114143
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards