Component

Anthocyanin preparations tested in human fecal incubations

Anthocyanin preparations tested in human fecal incubations. Interpret through the linked experimental species, preparation, compartment and exposure; no universal causal effect is implied.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Human fecal microbiota degraded the tested anthocyanins in anaerobic incubations, producing B-ring phenolic acids.

    Anthocyanin preparations tested in human fecal incubations → Anaerobic human fecal-microbiota anthocyanin degradation source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, figures, exact doses or endpoint-specific species assignments may remain unextracted.
    experimental_model
    Anaerobic in vitro human fecal suspension; composition and source-specific structures matter.
    interpretation_status
    Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
    limitations
    Interpret only within the recorded preparation, exposure and comparator. The complete source passage retains qualifications; unspecified doses/timing have not been extracted here. No clinical efficacy, nutrient deficiency or unique molecular mediation is inferred.
    plain_language
    Human fecal microbiota degraded the tested anthocyanins in anaerobic incubations, producing B-ring phenolic acids.
    primary_references
    Stability and biotransformation of various dietary anthocyanins in vitro. | 2006 | DOI 10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8 | PMID 15834757 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference lines 44-44; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.

    Anthocyanins: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 4 October 2026) · lines 44–44

    Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · Anaerobic in vitro human fecal suspension; composition and source-specific structures matter. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    **Microbial cleavage and host conjugation are distinct steps.** Anaerobic human fecal incubations degraded glycosylated and acylated anthocyanins to B-ring-derived phenolic acids. Separate rat-liver microsome experiments produced glucuronides when supplied with activated glucuronic acid; the tested NADPH-supported P450 system did not hydroxylate or demethylate the pigments. These are model-specific positive and negative findings, not proof that all human metabolism is exclusively microbial or that every CYP interaction is absent. [Keppler and Humpf, 2005](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/).
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Separate rat microsomal experiments glucuronidated anthocyanins when activated glucuronic acid was supplied.

    Anthocyanin preparations tested in human fecal incubations → Anthocyanin glucuronidation in rat liver microsomes source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, figures, exact doses or endpoint-specific species assignments may remain unextracted.
    experimental_model
    Rat liver microsomes with activated glucuronic acid; no inference to a specific human UGT isoform.
    interpretation_status
    Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
    limitations
    Interpret only within the recorded preparation, exposure and comparator. The complete source passage retains qualifications; unspecified doses/timing have not been extracted here. No clinical efficacy, nutrient deficiency or unique molecular mediation is inferred.
    plain_language
    Separate rat microsomal experiments glucuronidated anthocyanins when activated glucuronic acid was supplied.
    primary_references
    Stability and biotransformation of various dietary anthocyanins in vitro. | 2006 | DOI 10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8 | PMID 15834757 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference lines 44-44; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.

    Anthocyanins: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 4 October 2026) · lines 44–44

    Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · Rat liver microsomes with activated glucuronic acid; no inference to a specific human UGT isoform. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    **Microbial cleavage and host conjugation are distinct steps.** Anaerobic human fecal incubations degraded glycosylated and acylated anthocyanins to B-ring-derived phenolic acids. Separate rat-liver microsome experiments produced glucuronides when supplied with activated glucuronic acid; the tested NADPH-supported P450 system did not hydroxylate or demethylate the pigments. These are model-specific positive and negative findings, not proof that all human metabolism is exclusively microbial or that every CYP interaction is absent. [Keppler and Humpf, 2005](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/).
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. The tested NADPH-supported rat microsomal P450 system did not detect anthocyanin hydroxylation or demethylation.

    Anthocyanin preparations tested in human fecal incubations → Anthocyanin hydroxylation and demethylation in the tested rat microsomal P450 assay source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, figures, exact doses or endpoint-specific species assignments may remain unextracted.
    experimental_contrast
    {"intervention": "Anthocyanins with NADPH-supported microsomal oxidation system", "comparator": "Assay baseline parent/product profile", "endpoint": "The tested NADPH-supported rat microsomal P450 system did not detect anthocyanin hydroxylation or demethylation.", "effect_direction": "no_detected_change", "combination": "single", "conditions": []} Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.
    experimental_model
    Rat liver microsomes; NADPH-supported phase-I assay.
    interpretation_status
    Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
    limitations
    No detected metabolism in this assay; not absence of every CYP-mediated reaction or drug interaction.
    plain_language
    The tested NADPH-supported rat microsomal P450 system did not detect anthocyanin hydroxylation or demethylation.
    primary_references
    Stability and biotransformation of various dietary anthocyanins in vitro. | 2006 | DOI 10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8 | PMID 15834757 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference lines 44-44; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.

    Anthocyanins: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 4 October 2026) · lines 44–44

    Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · Rat liver microsomes; NADPH-supported phase-I assay. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    **Microbial cleavage and host conjugation are distinct steps.** Anaerobic human fecal incubations degraded glycosylated and acylated anthocyanins to B-ring-derived phenolic acids. Separate rat-liver microsome experiments produced glucuronides when supplied with activated glucuronic acid; the tested NADPH-supported P450 system did not hydroxylate or demethylate the pigments. These are model-specific positive and negative findings, not proof that all human metabolism is exclusively microbial or that every CYP interaction is absent. [Keppler and Humpf, 2005](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/).
    Complete structured claim and evidence

What acts on it

  1. The specified preparation contains anthocyanins; its experimental effects remain attached to the actual preparation.

    Anthocyanins → Anthocyanin preparations tested in human fecal incubations source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, figures, exact doses or endpoint-specific species assignments may remain unextracted.
    experimental_model
    Preparation identity/scope; not isolated class causation.
    interpretation_status
    Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
    limitations
    A food or extract contains other constituents. Membership is a navigation link and does not transfer its findings to isolated anthocyanins.
    plain_language
    The specified preparation contains anthocyanins; its experimental effects remain attached to the actual preparation.
    primary_references
    Stability and biotransformation of various dietary anthocyanins in vitro. | 2006 | DOI 10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8 | PMID 15834757 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-005-0557-8
    source_locator
    Reviewed reference lines 44-44; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.

    Anthocyanins: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 4 October 2026) · lines 44–44

    Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · Preparation identity/scope; not isolated class causation. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    **Microbial cleavage and host conjugation are distinct steps.** Anaerobic human fecal incubations degraded glycosylated and acylated anthocyanins to B-ring-derived phenolic acids. Separate rat-liver microsome experiments produced glucuronides when supplied with activated glucuronic acid; the tested NADPH-supported P450 system did not hydroxylate or demethylate the pigments. These are model-specific positive and negative findings, not proof that all human metabolism is exclusively microbial or that every CYP interaction is absent. [Keppler and Humpf, 2005](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834757/).
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.