Component

Study-specific tomato paste food intervention

Study-specific tomato paste food intervention. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

5 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Tomato paste produced a 3.8-fold higher chylomicron lycopene AUC than fresh tomatoes with matched lycopene and corn oil.

    Study-specific tomato paste food intervention → Postprandial lycopene response in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/9209178.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9e44d803f52bf022b12d9bbffbe5e2832be523d37ccfbcf2187296c5fb89200f", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 985, "text_sha256": "9e44d803f52bf022b12d9bbffbe5e2832be523d37ccfbcf2187296c5fb89200f"}
    experimental_model
    Human single-meal bioavailability comparison
    exposure
    23 mg lycopene from fresh tomato or paste with 15 g corn oil
    limitations
    Both meals contained oil; does not isolate an oil effect or establish all heating improves availability.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Food structure matters even when the amount of lycopene is the same.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p9209178] Lycopene is more bioavailable from tomato paste than from fresh tomatoes. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9209178/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/66.1.116
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Chylomicron fraction

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 169–180

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human single-meal bioavailability comparison · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-paste-absorption Tomato paste produced a 3.8-fold higher chylomicron lycopene AUC than fresh tomatoes with matched lycopene and corn oil. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Food structure matters even when the amount of lycopene is the same. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Chylomicron fraction experimental_model: Human single-meal bioavailability comparison limitations: Both meals contained oil; does not isolate an oil effect or establish all heating improves availability. exposure: 23 mg lycopene from fresh tomato or paste with 15 g corn oil evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/9209178.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9e44d803f52bf022b12d9bbffbe5e2832be523d37ccfbcf2187296c5fb89200f", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 985, "text_sha256": "9e44d803f52bf022b12d9bbffbe5e2832be523d37ccfbcf2187296c5fb89200f"} [lycopene-p9209178] Lycopene is more bioavailable from tomato paste than from fresh tomatoes. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9209178/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/66.1.116
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Tomato paste increased instrumental erythema D30 versus control, P=0.03.

    Study-specific tomato paste food intervention → Instrumental UV erythema D30 threshold source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial
    exposure
    55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks
    limitations
    Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II
    plain_language
    A measured redness response was less sensitive after the food intervention.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    UV-exposed skin and biopsies

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 1183–1194

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-skin-d30 Tomato paste increased instrumental erythema D30 versus control, P=0.03. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A measured redness response was less sensitive after the food intervention. organism: Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II tissue_or_cell_type: UV-exposed skin and biopsies experimental_model: Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial limitations: Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer. exposure: 55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"} [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. The visually assessed minimal erythema dose did not differ significantly between groups.

    Study-specific tomato paste food intervention → Visually assessed UV minimal erythema dose source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial
    exposure
    55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks
    limitations
    Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II
    plain_language
    A different redness endpoint did not show the same statistical result.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    UV-exposed skin and biopsies

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 1196–1207

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-skin-med-null The visually assessed minimal erythema dose did not differ significantly between groups. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A different redness endpoint did not show the same statistical result. organism: Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II tissue_or_cell_type: UV-exposed skin and biopsies experimental_model: Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial limitations: Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer. exposure: 55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"} [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Tomato paste reduced UV-induced MMP-1 expression versus control, P=0.04.

    Study-specific tomato paste food intervention → UV-induced skin MMP-1 expression source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial
    exposure
    55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks
    limitations
    Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II
    plain_language
    A marker linked to matrix breakdown was lower.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    UV-exposed skin and biopsies

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 1209–1220

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-skin-mmp1 Tomato paste reduced UV-induced MMP-1 expression versus control, P=0.04. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A marker linked to matrix breakdown was lower. organism: Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II tissue_or_cell_type: UV-exposed skin and biopsies experimental_model: Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial limitations: Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer. exposure: 55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"} [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  5. The UV-associated mitochondrial DNA 3895-base-pair deletion decreased after tomato-paste supplementation.

    Study-specific tomato paste food intervention → UV-associated skin mitochondrial DNA 3895-bp deletion source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial
    exposure
    55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks
    limitations
    Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II
    plain_language
    A measured mitochondrial DNA damage endpoint improved.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    UV-exposed skin and biopsies

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 1222–1233

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-skin-mtdna The UV-associated mitochondrial DNA 3895-base-pair deletion decreased after tomato-paste supplementation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A measured mitochondrial DNA damage endpoint improved. organism: Human, 20 women with skin phototypes I/II tissue_or_cell_type: UV-exposed skin and biopsies experimental_model: Randomized tomato-paste versus olive-oil trial limitations: Whole food exposure; UV endpoints differ; not evidence that lycopene replaces sunscreen or prevents skin cancer. exposure: 55 g tomato paste providing 16 mg lycopene daily in olive oil for 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/20854436.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2063, "text_sha256": "70a295ef309afb9296521357fe29b70f532c2fd215687c918b94ee027aa707ba"} [lycopene-p20854436] Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20854436/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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