Component

Human organic cation transporter 2 / OCT2 / SLC22A2

Human organic cation transporter 2 / OCT2 / SLC22A2. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Human OCT2 mediated pH- and concentration-dependent agmatine transport, with Km 1.84 ± 0.38 mM.

    Human organic cation transporter 2 / OCT2 / SLC22A2 → Agmatine source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Matched human transporter expression systems.
    limitations
    Protein expression and assay conditions affect comparison with actual kidney clearance.
    nutrient_topic
    Agmatine Sulfate collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit. · Agmatine Sulfate
    plain_language
    Another organic-cation transporter handles agmatine more avidly in this assay.
    primary_references
    OCT2 and MATE1 provide bidirectional agmatine transport. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21128598/ · DOI 10.1021/mp100180a
    transport_effect
    raises pH- and concentration-dependent agmatine transport into the expressing cell.
    transport_pool
    the expressing cell pH- and concentration-dependent agmatine transport into the expressing cell.

    Agmatine Sulfate: transport, guanidino metabolism, ion channels and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-20) · lines 28–34

    AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Matched human transporter expression systems. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## agmatine-sulfate-oct2 Another organic-cation transporter handles agmatine more avidly in this assay. Human OCT2 mediated pH- and concentration-dependent agmatine transport, with Km 1.84 ± 0.38 mM. Model: Matched human transporter expression systems. Limitations: Protein expression and assay conditions affect comparison with actual kidney clearance. Evidence access: Primary abstract OCT2 and MATE1 provide bidirectional agmatine transport. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21128598/ · DOI 10.1021/mp100180a
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Human OCT2 transported berberine in transfected cells, with reported Km 4.4 micromolar.

    Human organic cation transporter 2 / OCT2 / SLC22A2 → Berberine source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/18157518.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "34651ed2e9ce3c38b6042e616b5c36d932fe6f1099c627d1b5403b338eae7b2b", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1918, "text_sha256": "34651ed2e9ce3c38b6042e616b5c36d932fe6f1099c627d1b5403b338eae7b2b"}
    experimental_model
    Polarized transporter-transfected MDCKII cells
    exposure
    Berberine transport kinetics and transporter inhibition
    limitations
    Engineered system, not direct evidence for human oral bioavailability or a universal transport bottleneck.
    nutrient_topic
    Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Berberine
    organism
    Human OCT1, OCT2 and ABCB1 in engineered canine cells
    plain_language
    Berberine uses a separately identified organic-cation uptake transporter.
    primary_references
    [berberine-p18157518] Vectorial transport of the plant alkaloid berberine by double-transfected cells expressing the human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1, SLC22A1) and the efflux pump MDR1 P-glycoprotein (ABCB1). (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18157518/ DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0219-x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Basolateral uptake and apical export
    transport_effect
    raises Berberine uptake measured in transfected cells, which stand for the tubular cell, with a reported Km of 4.4 micromolar.
    transport_pool
    the renal tubular cell interior Berberine uptake measured in transfected cells, which stand for the tubular cell, with a reported Km of 4.4 micromolar.

    Berberine: metabolism, nutrient connections and drug interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 220–231

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Polarized transporter-transfected MDCKII cells · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### berberine-uptake-oct2 Human OCT2 transported berberine in transfected cells, with reported Km 4.4 micromolar. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Berberine uses a separately identified organic-cation uptake transporter. organism: Human OCT1, OCT2 and ABCB1 in engineered canine cells tissue_or_cell_type: Basolateral uptake and apical export experimental_model: Polarized transporter-transfected MDCKII cells limitations: Engineered system, not direct evidence for human oral bioavailability or a universal transport bottleneck. exposure: Berberine transport kinetics and transporter inhibition evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/18157518.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "34651ed2e9ce3c38b6042e616b5c36d932fe6f1099c627d1b5403b338eae7b2b", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1918, "text_sha256": "34651ed2e9ce3c38b6042e616b5c36d932fe6f1099c627d1b5403b338eae7b2b"} [berberine-p18157518] Vectorial transport of the plant alkaloid berberine by double-transfected cells expressing the human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1, SLC22A1) and the efflux pump MDR1 P-glycoprotein (ABCB1). (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18157518/ DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0219-x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Human and rat OCT2 had roughly 10-fold and 100-fold greater capacity to transport metformin than OCT1 in the transfected-cell comparison.

    Human organic cation transporter 2 / OCT2 / SLC22A2 → Metformin source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/16272756.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1284, "text_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed"}
    experimental_model
    Human and rat transporter cDNA transfection into HEK293 cells with rat tissue distribution
    exposure
    Metformin uptake across five renal organic ion transporters and tissue accumulation in male rats
    limitations
    Relative capacities are transfection-dependent; the study itself notes that plasmid amount changes the apparent kinetics.
    nutrient_topic
    Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. · Metformin
    organism
    Human and rat transporters; rat in vivo
    plain_language
    The kidney transporter moves far more of the drug than the liver one does.
    primary_references
    [metformin-p16272756] Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCT1. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16272756/ DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.20.379
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Kidney and liver
    transport_effect
    raises A transfected-cell capacity comparison, measured as metformin carried into the cell.
    transport_pool
    the expressing cell A transfected-cell capacity comparison, measured as metformin carried into the cell.

    Metformin: transport, molecular targets, gut mechanisms and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 177–188

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human and rat transporter cDNA transfection into HEK293 cells with rat tissue distribution · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### metformin-oct2-capacity Human and rat OCT2 had roughly 10-fold and 100-fold greater capacity to transport metformin than OCT1 in the transfected-cell comparison. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. plain_language: The kidney transporter moves far more of the drug than the liver one does. organism: Human and rat transporters; rat in vivo tissue_or_cell_type: Kidney and liver experimental_model: Human and rat transporter cDNA transfection into HEK293 cells with rat tissue distribution limitations: Relative capacities are transfection-dependent; the study itself notes that plasmid amount changes the apparent kinetics. exposure: Metformin uptake across five renal organic ion transporters and tissue accumulation in male rats evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/16272756.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1284, "text_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed"} [metformin-p16272756] Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCT1. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16272756/ DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.20.379
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Renal OCT2 expression was the key factor controlling concentrative accumulation of metformin in the rat kidney.

    Human organic cation transporter 2 / OCT2 / SLC22A2 → Kidney metformin concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/16272756.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1284, "text_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed"}
    experimental_model
    Human and rat transporter cDNA transfection into HEK293 cells with rat tissue distribution
    exposure
    Metformin uptake across five renal organic ion transporters and tissue accumulation in male rats
    limitations
    Relative capacities are transfection-dependent; the study itself notes that plasmid amount changes the apparent kinetics.
    nutrient_topic
    Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. · Metformin
    organism
    Rat
    plain_language
    Kidney tissue concentrates the drug because of this transporter.
    primary_references
    [metformin-p16272756] Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCT1. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16272756/ DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.20.379
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Kidney and liver

    Metformin: transport, molecular targets, gut mechanisms and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 190–201

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human and rat transporter cDNA transfection into HEK293 cells with rat tissue distribution · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### metformin-oct2-kidney-accumulation Renal OCT2 expression was the key factor controlling concentrative accumulation of metformin in the rat kidney. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. plain_language: Kidney tissue concentrates the drug because of this transporter. organism: Rat tissue_or_cell_type: Kidney and liver experimental_model: Human and rat transporter cDNA transfection into HEK293 cells with rat tissue distribution limitations: Relative capacities are transfection-dependent; the study itself notes that plasmid amount changes the apparent kinetics. exposure: Metformin uptake across five renal organic ion transporters and tissue accumulation in male rats evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/16272756.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1284, "text_sha256": "9da4317752d37da62129139affd33016e879d367c4cf58cfefb9200c663fe4ed"} [metformin-p16272756] Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCT1. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16272756/ DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.20.379
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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