Component

Serum prostate-specific antigen

Serum prostate-specific antigen. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. PSA declined in 71% of evaluable patients during the preoperative study.

    3,3'-Diindolylmethane / DIM → Serum prostate-specific antigen source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/dim-research/27069550.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7048d2f449ad8c31af0eb9e89b956d9d1dcebb0f74e1a4d0eabcc3635314053e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1626, "text_sha256": "7048d2f449ad8c31af0eb9e89b956d9d1dcebb0f74e1a4d0eabcc3635314053e"}
    experimental_model
    Pre-prostatectomy tissue and biomarker study
    exposure
    Absorption-enhanced DIM 225 mg twice daily for at least 14 days
    limitations
    Uncontrolled preoperative study. Tissue detection and altered localization do not establish tumor control, survival benefit or testosterone lowering.
    nutrient_topic
    Diindolylmethane (DIM) research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · 3,3'-Diindolylmethane / DIM
    organism
    28 evaluable men with localized prostate cancer
    plain_language
    An uncontrolled marker change cannot establish cancer prevention or treatment benefit.
    primary_references
    [dim-p27069550] Anti-androgenic activity of absorption-enhanced 3, 3'-diindolylmethane in prostatectomy patients. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27069550/
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Prostate DIM, androgen-receptor localization and PSA

    Diindolylmethane (DIM): formation, receptor signaling, metabolism and drug interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1156–1167

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Pre-prostatectomy tissue and biomarker study · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### dim-psa-change PSA declined in 71% of evaluable patients during the preoperative study. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Diindolylmethane (DIM) research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: An uncontrolled marker change cannot establish cancer prevention or treatment benefit. organism: 28 evaluable men with localized prostate cancer tissue_or_cell_type: Prostate DIM, androgen-receptor localization and PSA experimental_model: Pre-prostatectomy tissue and biomarker study limitations: Uncontrolled preoperative study. Tissue detection and altered localization do not establish tumor control, survival benefit or testosterone lowering. exposure: Absorption-enhanced DIM 225 mg twice daily for at least 14 days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/dim-research/27069550.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7048d2f449ad8c31af0eb9e89b956d9d1dcebb0f74e1a4d0eabcc3635314053e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1626, "text_sha256": "7048d2f449ad8c31af0eb9e89b956d9d1dcebb0f74e1a4d0eabcc3635314053e"} [dim-p27069550] Anti-androgenic activity of absorption-enhanced 3, 3'-diindolylmethane in prostatectomy patients. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27069550/
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. No meaningful between-group PSA difference appeared after six months.

    Lycopene → Serum prostate-specific antigen source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26422197.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "1327af281ec573be44c88b10fc7973e82e4963aab7bef3f7d14122e6c2a3dbea", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1542, "text_sha256": "1327af281ec573be44c88b10fc7973e82e4963aab7bef3f7d14122e6c2a3dbea"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized six-month repeat-biopsy trial
    exposure
    Tomato extract containing 30 mg/day lycopene versus placebo
    limitations
    Small surrogate-endpoint study; exploratory histological extent findings were not established cancer prevention.
    nutrient_topic
    Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lycopene
    organism
    Human, 58 completers with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
    plain_language
    A prostate blood marker did not show a meaningful benefit.
    primary_references
    [lycopene-p26422197] A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lycopene-Rich Tomato Extract Among Men with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26422197/ DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1075560
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Serum biomarkers and prostate biopsies

    Lycopene: absorption, metabolism, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 1131–1142

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized six-month repeat-biopsy trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### lycopene-hgp-psa-null No meaningful between-group PSA difference appeared after six months. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Lycopene research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A prostate blood marker did not show a meaningful benefit. organism: Human, 58 completers with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissue_or_cell_type: Serum biomarkers and prostate biopsies experimental_model: Randomized six-month repeat-biopsy trial limitations: Small surrogate-endpoint study; exploratory histological extent findings were not established cancer prevention. exposure: Tomato extract containing 30 mg/day lycopene versus placebo evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/lycopene-research/26422197.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "1327af281ec573be44c88b10fc7973e82e4963aab7bef3f7d14122e6c2a3dbea", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1542, "text_sha256": "1327af281ec573be44c88b10fc7973e82e4963aab7bef3f7d14122e6c2a3dbea"} [lycopene-p26422197] A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lycopene-Rich Tomato Extract Among Men with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26422197/ DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1075560
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards