Component
Human serum L-carnitine concentration
Human serum L-carnitine concentration. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Serum L-carnitine increased compared with placebo.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/mangiferin-research/25989216.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1522, "text_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539"}
- experimental_model
- Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
- exposure
- Mangiferin 150 mg/day for 12 weeks
- limitations
- One trial in a selected population; biomarkers do not demonstrate clinical outcomes or directly measure fatty-acid flux.
- nutrient_topic
- Mangiferin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Mangiferin
- organism
- Overweight adults with hyperlipidemia; 97 completers
- plain_language
- A metabolite used in fatty-acid handling was higher in blood.
- primary_references
- [mangiferin-p25989216] Mangiferin supplementation improves serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25989216/ DOI: 10.1038/srep10344
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Serum metabolic measurements
Mangiferin: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1199–1210
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### mangiferin-trial-carnitine Serum L-carnitine increased compared with placebo. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mangiferin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A metabolite used in fatty-acid handling was higher in blood. organism: Overweight adults with hyperlipidemia; 97 completers tissue_or_cell_type: Serum metabolic measurements experimental_model: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial limitations: One trial in a selected population; biomarkers do not demonstrate clinical outcomes or directly measure fatty-acid flux. exposure: Mangiferin 150 mg/day for 12 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mangiferin-research/25989216.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1522, "text_sha256": "2f57445ffe1eb20de3c2bf1170d152c358be1d7763cef2a091c0b3052040e539"} [mangiferin-p25989216] Mangiferin supplementation improves serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25989216/ DOI: 10.1038/srep10344
Complete structured claim and evidenceTwelve days of pivmecillinam reduced mean serum free carnitine from 42.8 to 11.6 micromolar, while measured muscle carnitine was unchanged.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
- evidence_access
- Primary abstract
- experimental_model
- Six healthy men; 1200 mg/day.
- limitations
- A small provocation study, not a universal drug effect size.
- nutrient_topic
- L-Carnitine collection; isomer, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit. · L-Carnitine
- plain_language
- A drug-associated shortfall can differ between blood and muscle.
- primary_references
- Impaired ketogenesis in carnitine depletion caused by short-term administration of pivalic acid prodrug. · 1994 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7917463/ · DOI 10.1006/bmmb.1994.1028
- trigger_kind
- nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
L-Carnitine: synthesis, acyl-group transport, fuel selection and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 266–272
AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Six healthy men; 1200 mg/day. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## l-carnitine-pivalate-depletion A drug-associated shortfall can differ between blood and muscle. Twelve days of pivmecillinam reduced mean serum free carnitine from 42.8 to 11.6 micromolar, while measured muscle carnitine was unchanged. Model: Six healthy men; 1200 mg/day. Limitations: A small provocation study, not a universal drug effect size. Evidence access: Primary abstract Impaired ketogenesis in carnitine depletion caused by short-term administration of pivalic acid prodrug. · 1994 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7917463/ · DOI 10.1006/bmmb.1994.1028
Complete structured claim and evidence
Where it participates (unsigned role)
After pivmecillinam-associated carnitine depletion, two of six subjects showed impaired ketone production during a 36-hour fast.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
- evidence_access
- Primary abstract
- experimental_model
- Human before-and-after fasting challenge.
- limitations
- Only a subset was affected; no universal plasma cutoff or dietary diagnosis was established.
- nutrient_topic
- L-Carnitine collection; isomer, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit. · L-Carnitine
- plain_language
- Low carnitine can limit the switch to fat-derived fasting fuel.
- primary_references
- Impaired ketogenesis in carnitine depletion caused by short-term administration of pivalic acid prodrug. · 1994 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7917463/ · DOI 10.1006/bmmb.1994.1028
- trigger_kind
- nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
L-Carnitine: synthesis, acyl-group transport, fuel selection and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 274–280
AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human before-and-after fasting challenge. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## l-carnitine-pivalate-ketones Low carnitine can limit the switch to fat-derived fasting fuel. After pivmecillinam-associated carnitine depletion, two of six subjects showed impaired ketone production during a 36-hour fast. Model: Human before-and-after fasting challenge. Limitations: Only a subset was affected; no universal plasma cutoff or dietary diagnosis was established. Evidence access: Primary abstract Impaired ketogenesis in carnitine depletion caused by short-term administration of pivalic acid prodrug. · 1994 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7917463/ · DOI 10.1006/bmmb.1994.1028
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.