Component

Plasma glutamate concentration

Plasma glutamate concentration. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. In eight adults receiving 150 mg/kg MSG in water, adding 1.1 g/kg hydrolyzed corn starch lowered mean peak plasma glutamate from 59.4 to 7.18 micromol/dL.

    Partially hydrolyzed corn starch → Plasma glutamate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Human high-dose oral loading, with versus without carbohydrate.
    limitations
    Small acute study; not a fixed conversion fraction for foods or a brain measurement.
    nutrient_topic
    Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit. · Monosodium L-glutamate
    plain_language
    Carbohydrate changed how much glutamate appeared in blood.
    primary_references
    Effect of carbohydrate on plasma and erythrocyte glutamate levels in humans ingesting large doses of monosodium L-glutamate in water. · 1983 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6133445/ · DOI 10.1093/ajcn/37.6.961
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Monosodium Glutamate (MSG): taste, gut sensing, exposure and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-20) · lines 26–32

    AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human high-dose oral loading, with versus without carbohydrate. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## monosodium-glutamate-carbohydrate-exposure Carbohydrate changed how much glutamate appeared in blood. In eight adults receiving 150 mg/kg MSG in water, adding 1.1 g/kg hydrolyzed corn starch lowered mean peak plasma glutamate from 59.4 to 7.18 micromol/dL. Model: Human high-dose oral loading, with versus without carbohydrate. Limitations: Small acute study; not a fixed conversion fraction for foods or a brain measurement. Evidence access: Primary abstract Effect of carbohydrate on plasma and erythrocyte glutamate levels in humans ingesting large doses of monosodium L-glutamate in water. · 1983 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6133445/ · DOI 10.1093/ajcn/37.6.961
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Nine men received 150 mg/kg MSG capsules 30 minutes before a drink; plasma glutamate rose about tenfold without carbohydrate and sixfold with a 75 g carbohydrate drink.

    Monosodium L-glutamate → Plasma glutamate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Four-condition human acute supplementation experiment.
    limitations
    A high-dose loading protocol does not describe customary MSG use.
    nutrient_topic
    Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit. · Monosodium L-glutamate
    plain_language
    Timing between amino acid and carbohydrate also matters.
    primary_references
    Glutamate supplementation is associated with improved glucose metabolism following carbohydrate ingestion in healthy males. · 2013 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23750536/ · DOI 10.1017/S0007114513001633
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Monosodium Glutamate (MSG): taste, gut sensing, exposure and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-20) · lines 50–56

    AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Four-condition human acute supplementation experiment. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## monosodium-glutamate-staggered-exposure Timing between amino acid and carbohydrate also matters. Nine men received 150 mg/kg MSG capsules 30 minutes before a drink; plasma glutamate rose about tenfold without carbohydrate and sixfold with a 75 g carbohydrate drink. Model: Four-condition human acute supplementation experiment. Limitations: A high-dose loading protocol does not describe customary MSG use. Evidence access: Primary abstract Glutamate supplementation is associated with improved glucose metabolism following carbohydrate ingestion in healthy males. · 2013 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23750536/ · DOI 10.1017/S0007114513001633
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. In six adults, 0.5 g/kg sucrose with consommé containing 50 mg/kg MSG reduced peak plasma glutamate from 18.1 to 5.48 micromol/dL and reduced exposure area.

    Sucrose → Plasma glutamate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Randomized crossover; three women and three men.
    limitations
    Same research group as the starch study; small acute experiment, not independent mechanistic replication.
    nutrient_topic
    Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit. · Monosodium L-glutamate
    plain_language
    A second carbohydrate changed the response at a different MSG dose.
    primary_references
    Effect of sucrose ingestion on plasma glutamate concentrations in humans administered monosodium L-glutamate. · 1986 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2870635/ · DOI 10.1093/ajcn/43.4.510
    trigger_kind
    biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Monosodium Glutamate (MSG): taste, gut sensing, exposure and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-20) · lines 42–48

    AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover; three women and three men. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## monosodium-glutamate-sucrose-exposure A second carbohydrate changed the response at a different MSG dose. In six adults, 0.5 g/kg sucrose with consommé containing 50 mg/kg MSG reduced peak plasma glutamate from 18.1 to 5.48 micromol/dL and reduced exposure area. Model: Randomized crossover; three women and three men. Limitations: Same research group as the starch study; small acute experiment, not independent mechanistic replication. Evidence access: Primary abstract Effect of sucrose ingestion on plasma glutamate concentrations in humans administered monosodium L-glutamate. · 1986 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2870635/ · DOI 10.1093/ajcn/43.4.510
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Plasma glutamate increased after theanine ingestion, consistent with hydrolysis of the parent compound.

    L-Theanine → Plasma glutamate concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/theanine-research/23096008.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "0080959c2621f814538b812413bd295d2fdab96bc401c2ed1876fc2e1044406a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1696, "text_sha256": "0080959c2621f814538b812413bd295d2fdab96bc401c2ed1876fc2e1044406a"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized crossover absorption and metabolite study
    exposure
    100 mg theanine as capsule or green tea; subset 50 and 200 mg
    limitations
    Small acute study; plasma concentration does not identify brain concentration or clinical response. Tea preparation was specific to this experiment.
    nutrient_topic
    L-Theanine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · L-Theanine
    organism
    Twelve healthy humans; dose-ranging subset of three
    plain_language
    Its breakdown products have identities separate from the ingested molecule.
    primary_references
    [theanine-p23096008] Kinetics of L-theanine uptake and metabolism in healthy participants are comparable after ingestion of L-theanine via capsules and green tea. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23096008/ DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.166371
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma, erythrocytes and urine

    L-Theanine: metabolism, neural signaling, nutrient connections and human outcomes (2026-09-17) · lines 133–144

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover absorption and metabolite study · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### theanine-human-glutamate Plasma glutamate increased after theanine ingestion, consistent with hydrolysis of the parent compound. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: L-Theanine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Its breakdown products have identities separate from the ingested molecule. organism: Twelve healthy humans; dose-ranging subset of three tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma, erythrocytes and urine experimental_model: Randomized crossover absorption and metabolite study limitations: Small acute study; plasma concentration does not identify brain concentration or clinical response. Tea preparation was specific to this experiment. exposure: 100 mg theanine as capsule or green tea; subset 50 and 200 mg evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/theanine-research/23096008.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "0080959c2621f814538b812413bd295d2fdab96bc401c2ed1876fc2e1044406a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1696, "text_sha256": "0080959c2621f814538b812413bd295d2fdab96bc401c2ed1876fc2e1044406a"} [theanine-p23096008] Kinetics of L-theanine uptake and metabolism in healthy participants are comparable after ingestion of L-theanine via capsules and green tea. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23096008/ DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.166371
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards