Component

Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid

Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. The R-versus-racemate pilot found substantial exposure variability, especially in older adults, rather than a uniform formulation advantage.

    Free R-alpha-lipoic acid → Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/ala-research/22609537.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa"}
    experimental_model
    Small crossover pharmacokinetic pilot in younger and older adults
    exposure
    500 mg R-lipoic acid versus 500 mg racemic lipoic acid
    limitations
    Small groups and unequal R-content across equal total-mass doses; substantial individual variability.
    nutrient_topic
    Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lipoic acid
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    A higher exposure in a few participants did not establish that one form works better for everyone.
    primary_references
    [ala-p22609537] Age and gender dependent bioavailability of R- and R,S-α-lipoic acid: a pilot study. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22609537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.05.002
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma

    Alpha-lipoic acid: cofactor assembly, redox signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 663–674

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Small crossover pharmacokinetic pilot in younger and older adults · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### ala-enantiomer-pk-variability The R-versus-racemate pilot found substantial exposure variability, especially in older adults, rather than a uniform formulation advantage. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A higher exposure in a few participants did not establish that one form works better for everyone. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma experimental_model: Small crossover pharmacokinetic pilot in younger and older adults limitations: Small groups and unequal R-content across equal total-mass doses; substantial individual variability. exposure: 500 mg R-lipoic acid versus 500 mg racemic lipoic acid evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/ala-research/22609537.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1645, "text_sha256": "bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa"} [ala-p22609537] Age and gender dependent bioavailability of R- and R,S-α-lipoic acid: a pilot study. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22609537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.05.002
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Compared with solution, the tested tablets produced R-lipoic-acid peak concentrations of 36–43% and exposure areas of 64–79%.

    R,S-alpha-lipoic acid mixture → Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/ala-research/25506250.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in 24 healthy volunteers
    exposure
    Single 600-mg racemic oral formulations: solution and tablets
    limitations
    Exposure differences are formulation specific; plasma pharmacokinetics does not establish clinical efficacy or mitochondrial attachment.
    nutrient_topic
    Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lipoic acid
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Different formulations delivered different amounts into blood.
    primary_references
    [ala-p25506250] Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and sex effects of various alpha-lipoic acid dosage forms. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25506250/ DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s71574
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma

    Alpha-lipoic acid: cofactor assembly, redox signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 637–648

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in 24 healthy volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### ala-oral-formulation-exposure Compared with solution, the tested tablets produced R-lipoic-acid peak concentrations of 36–43% and exposure areas of 64–79%. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Different formulations delivered different amounts into blood. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma experimental_model: Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in 24 healthy volunteers limitations: Exposure differences are formulation specific; plasma pharmacokinetics does not establish clinical efficacy or mitochondrial attachment. exposure: Single 600-mg racemic oral formulations: solution and tablets evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/ala-research/25506250.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973"} [ala-p25506250] Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and sex effects of various alpha-lipoic acid dosage forms. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25506250/ DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s71574
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Median peak times for both lipoic-acid enantiomers were approximately 0.33–0.5 hours across the studied formulations.

    R,S-alpha-lipoic acid mixture → Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/ala-research/25506250.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in 24 healthy volunteers
    exposure
    Single 600-mg racemic oral formulations: solution and tablets
    limitations
    Exposure differences are formulation specific; plasma pharmacokinetics does not establish clinical efficacy or mitochondrial attachment.
    nutrient_topic
    Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Lipoic acid
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Blood levels rose quickly after these single doses.
    primary_references
    [ala-p25506250] Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and sex effects of various alpha-lipoic acid dosage forms. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25506250/ DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s71574
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma

    Alpha-lipoic acid: cofactor assembly, redox signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 650–661

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in 24 healthy volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### ala-rapid-enantiomer-peaks Median peak times for both lipoic-acid enantiomers were approximately 0.33–0.5 hours across the studied formulations. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Blood levels rose quickly after these single doses. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma experimental_model: Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in 24 healthy volunteers limitations: Exposure differences are formulation specific; plasma pharmacokinetics does not establish clinical efficacy or mitochondrial attachment. exposure: Single 600-mg racemic oral formulations: solution and tablets evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/ala-research/25506250.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2050, "text_sha256": "539058a215e046b23d352d40f72f6e4fd9259b6e746770584d8852d650990973"} [ala-p25506250] Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and sex effects of various alpha-lipoic acid dosage forms. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25506250/ DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s71574
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards