{"id":"5ee701c8-33c0-553d-b5f4-39f11531d63a","stable_key":"5d8e27d8-6a74-5560-827f-3f90908bbc34:ala-enantiomer-pk-variability","predicate":"shows_variable","statement":"The R-versus-racemate pilot found substantial exposure variability, especially in older adults, rather than a uniform formulation advantage.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"1e10791b-b075-5ded-8d69-6468f8142209","mechanism_event_label":"A higher exposure in a few participants did not establish that one form works better for everyone.","subject":{"id":"8eeb8f85-a924-5122-9399-a757b83c668c","slug":"r-lipoic-acid","display_name":"Free R-alpha-lipoic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"61111597-cd37-5346-ab03-e0aa2cd5097e","slug":"free-lipoate-plasma-exposure","display_name":"Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"1e10791b-b075-5ded-8d69-6468f8142209","stable_key":"5d8e27d8-6a74-5560-827f-3f90908bbc34:ala-enantiomer-pk-variability-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"A higher exposure in a few participants did not establish that one form works better for everyone.","description":"The R-versus-racemate pilot found substantial exposure variability, especially in older adults, rather than a uniform formulation advantage.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"74d37b34-076b-5697-87bd-17d63b4bdd02","slug":"racemic-lipoic-acid","display_name":"R,S-alpha-lipoic acid mixture","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"comparator","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8eeb8f85-a924-5122-9399-a757b83c668c","slug":"r-lipoic-acid","display_name":"Free R-alpha-lipoic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"61111597-cd37-5346-ab03-e0aa2cd5097e","slug":"free-lipoate-plasma-exposure","display_name":"Plasma exposure to free alpha-lipoic acid","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/ala-research/22609537.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1645, \"text_sha256\": \"bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Small crossover pharmacokinetic pilot in younger and older adults","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"500 mg R-lipoic acid versus 500 mg racemic lipoic acid","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Small groups and unequal R-content across equal total-mass doses; substantial individual variability.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"lipoic-acid","display_name":"Lipoic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"A higher exposure in a few participants did not establish that one form works better for everyone.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[ala-p22609537] Age and gender dependent bioavailability of R- and R,S-α-lipoic acid: a pilot study. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22609537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.05.002","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Plasma","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"a58764b7-3780-56f3-92ce-7149e889142a","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 663-674","start_line":663,"end_line":674,"excerpt":"### ala-enantiomer-pk-variability\nThe R-versus-racemate pilot found substantial exposure variability, especially in older adults, rather than a uniform formulation advantage.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Alpha-lipoic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: A higher exposure in a few participants did not establish that one form works better for everyone.\norganism: Human\ntissue_or_cell_type: Plasma\nexperimental_model: Small crossover pharmacokinetic pilot in younger and older adults\nlimitations: Small groups and unequal R-content across equal total-mass doses; substantial individual variability.\nexposure: 500 mg R-lipoic acid versus 500 mg racemic lipoic acid\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/ala-research/22609537.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1645, \"text_sha256\": \"bfd228f5a8102a99fecaf7c6de8d1cb910afacd695cb3947c60987f54da431fa\"}\n[ala-p22609537] Age and gender dependent bioavailability of R- and R,S-α-lipoic acid: a pilot study. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22609537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.05.002","model_system":"Small crossover pharmacokinetic pilot in younger and older adults","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [ala-p22609537] Age and gender dependent bioavailability of R- and R,S-α-lipoic acid: a pilot study. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22609537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.05.002","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"d8afa8c2-ced9-5b28-90ca-2ac120ec7202","stable_key":"import-5d8e27d8-6a74-5560-827f-3f90908bbc34","title":"Alpha-lipoic acid: cofactor assembly, redox signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. 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