Component

Colorectal adenoma recurrence

Process or measured study endpoint, not a chemical species; outcome definition is retained in claim context.

5 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. Calcium carbonate reduced recurrent adenomas in the 1999 prevention trial.

    Calcium carbonate → Colorectal adenoma recurrence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Randomized post-polypectomy surveillance; 832 participants completed both examinations.
    exposure
    Adjusted RR 0.81 (95% CI 0.67-0.99) between first and second surveillance examinations.
    limitations
    Adenoma recurrence is distinct from colorectal-cancer incidence or mortality.
    nutrient_topic
    Calcium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Calcium
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    One trial found fewer recurring colorectal polyps.
    primary_references
    [cal-clin-baron1999] Calcium supplements for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. Calcium Polyp Prevention Study Group (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9887161/ DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199901143400204
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human clinical or absorption endpoint

    Calcium: mechanism-first literature curation (2026-09-17) · lines 1305–1315

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized post-polypectomy surveillance; 832 participants completed both examinations. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### cal-baron1999-adenomas Calcium carbonate reduced recurrent adenomas in the 1999 prevention trial. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Calcium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: One trial found fewer recurring colorectal polyps. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human clinical or absorption endpoint experimental_model: Randomized post-polypectomy surveillance; 832 participants completed both examinations. limitations: Adenoma recurrence is distinct from colorectal-cancer incidence or mortality. exposure: Adjusted RR 0.81 (95% CI 0.67-0.99) between first and second surveillance examinations. [cal-clin-baron1999] Calcium supplements for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. Calcium Polyp Prevention Study Group (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9887161/ DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199901143400204
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. The 2015 trial found no significant reduction in recurrent adenomas with assigned calcium.

    Calcium carbonate → Colorectal adenoma recurrence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    2259 participants randomized in partial factorial design, 3-5-year follow-up.
    exposure
    1200 mg calcium/day; calcium versus no-calcium adjusted RR 0.95 (95% CI 0.85-1.06).
    limitations
    Trial contexts differ; mechanism of between-trial disagreement remains unproven.
    nutrient_topic
    Calcium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Calcium
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    A later trial did not confirm the earlier polyp benefit.
    primary_references
    [cal-clin-baron2015] A Trial of Calcium and Vitamin D for the Prevention of Colorectal Adenomas (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26465985/ DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1500409
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human clinical or absorption endpoint

    Calcium: mechanism-first literature curation (2026-09-17) · lines 1317–1327

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · 2259 participants randomized in partial factorial design, 3-5-year follow-up. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### cal-baron2015-adenomas The 2015 trial found no significant reduction in recurrent adenomas with assigned calcium. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Calcium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A later trial did not confirm the earlier polyp benefit. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human clinical or absorption endpoint experimental_model: 2259 participants randomized in partial factorial design, 3-5-year follow-up. limitations: Trial contexts differ; mechanism of between-trial disagreement remains unproven. exposure: 1200 mg calcium/day; calcium versus no-calcium adjusted RR 0.95 (95% CI 0.85-1.06). [cal-clin-baron2015] A Trial of Calcium and Vitamin D for the Prevention of Colorectal Adenomas (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26465985/ DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1500409
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Post-treatment follow-up reported adenoma recurrence of 34.7% after prior berberine assignment versus 52.1% after prior placebo.

    Berberine → Colorectal adenoma recurrence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/40795846.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "1df2fd3eb5e8daef204f50dac917098b8c4be324d6e5d3a85b7aa3a9385ffc24", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 983, "text_sha256": "1df2fd3eb5e8daef204f50dac917098b8c4be324d6e5d3a85b7aa3a9385ffc24"}
    experimental_model
    Retrospective post-treatment follow-up of the previous randomized trial
    exposure
    Up to six years after treatment cessation
    limitations
    This is follow-up of the same original trial, not an independent randomized trial; post-trial selection and surveillance can affect estimates.
    nutrient_topic
    Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Berberine
    organism
    781 recruited from the earlier cohort; 648 underwent follow-up colonoscopy
    plain_language
    The long follow-up is useful, while its observational phase and shared participants remain explicit.
    primary_references
    [berberine-p40795846] Berberine for preventing colorectal adenoma recurrence and neoplasm occurrence: 6-Year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40795846/ DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102293
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Long-term adenoma recurrence

    Berberine: metabolism, nutrient connections and drug interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1325–1336

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Retrospective post-treatment follow-up of the previous randomized trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### berberine-adenoma-followup Post-treatment follow-up reported adenoma recurrence of 34.7% after prior berberine assignment versus 52.1% after prior placebo. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The long follow-up is useful, while its observational phase and shared participants remain explicit. organism: 781 recruited from the earlier cohort; 648 underwent follow-up colonoscopy tissue_or_cell_type: Long-term adenoma recurrence experimental_model: Retrospective post-treatment follow-up of the previous randomized trial limitations: This is follow-up of the same original trial, not an independent randomized trial; post-trial selection and surveillance can affect estimates. exposure: Up to six years after treatment cessation evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/40795846.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "1df2fd3eb5e8daef204f50dac917098b8c4be324d6e5d3a85b7aa3a9385ffc24", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 983, "text_sha256": "1df2fd3eb5e8daef204f50dac917098b8c4be324d6e5d3a85b7aa3a9385ffc24"} [berberine-p40795846] Berberine for preventing colorectal adenoma recurrence and neoplasm occurrence: 6-Year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40795846/ DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102293
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Adenomas recurred in 36% of analyzed berberine participants versus 47% with placebo; relative risk 0.77, 95% CI 0.66-0.91.

    Berberine → Colorectal adenoma recurrence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/31926918.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "0045a39cfd796c9db7aa81e0a9c4bea8004396e137d842519e03664560c4878c", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2466, "text_sha256": "0045a39cfd796c9db7aa81e0a9c4bea8004396e137d842519e03664560c4878c"}
    experimental_model
    Multicenter double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
    exposure
    Berberine 0.3 g twice daily; colonoscopy follow-up up to two years
    limitations
    Modified intention-to-treat analysis excluded participants without efficacy data. Adenoma recurrence is not colorectal-cancer mortality or proof of cancer treatment.
    nutrient_topic
    Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Berberine
    organism
    Adults after colorectal polypectomy; 1108 randomized, 891 in full analysis
    plain_language
    A randomized study measured fewer recurrent polyps after their removal.
    primary_references
    [berberine-p31926918] Berberine versus placebo for the prevention of recurrence of colorectal adenoma: a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised controlled study. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31926918/ DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(19)30409-1
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Adenoma recurrence

    Berberine: metabolism, nutrient connections and drug interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1299–1310

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Multicenter double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### berberine-adenoma-recurrence Adenomas recurred in 36% of analyzed berberine participants versus 47% with placebo; relative risk 0.77, 95% CI 0.66-0.91. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A randomized study measured fewer recurrent polyps after their removal. organism: Adults after colorectal polypectomy; 1108 randomized, 891 in full analysis tissue_or_cell_type: Adenoma recurrence experimental_model: Multicenter double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial limitations: Modified intention-to-treat analysis excluded participants without efficacy data. Adenoma recurrence is not colorectal-cancer mortality or proof of cancer treatment. exposure: Berberine 0.3 g twice daily; colonoscopy follow-up up to two years evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/31926918.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "0045a39cfd796c9db7aa81e0a9c4bea8004396e137d842519e03664560c4878c", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2466, "text_sha256": "0045a39cfd796c9db7aa81e0a9c4bea8004396e137d842519e03664560c4878c"} [berberine-p31926918] Berberine versus placebo for the prevention of recurrence of colorectal adenoma: a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised controlled study. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31926918/ DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(19)30409-1
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  5. At the first surveillance interval, adenoma recurrence was 44.1% with folic acid and 42.4% with placebo (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.90–1.20).

    Folic acid → Colorectal adenoma recurrence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Randomized double-blind factorial trial in 1021 adults with recent colorectal adenomas; independently randomized aspirin exposure.
    exposure
    Folic acid 1 mg/day versus placebo; colonoscopy at first three-year interval and a later surveillance interval.
    limitations
    Participants already had adenomas; not a study of ordinary food folate or primary cancer prevention in everyone.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    The supplement did not prevent recurrent adenomas in this trial.
    primary_references
    [fol-cole2007] Folic acid for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: a randomized clinical trial (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17551129/ DOI: 10.1001/jama.297.21.2351
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1654–1664

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized double-blind factorial trial in 1021 adults with recent colorectal adenomas; independently randomized aspirin exposure. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-adenoma-recurrence-null At the first surveillance interval, adenoma recurrence was 44.1% with folic acid and 42.4% with placebo (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.90–1.20). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The supplement did not prevent recurrent adenomas in this trial. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Randomized double-blind factorial trial in 1021 adults with recent colorectal adenomas; independently randomized aspirin exposure. limitations: Participants already had adenomas; not a study of ordinary food folate or primary cancer prevention in everyone. exposure: Folic acid 1 mg/day versus placebo; colonoscopy at first three-year interval and a later surveillance interval. [fol-cole2007] Folic acid for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: a randomized clinical trial (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17551129/ DOI: 10.1001/jama.297.21.2351
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

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