Component

Stroke incidence

Independent biological entity. Read linked claims for experimental scope and context.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. The 75% NaCl/25% KCl salt substitute reduced stroke incidence versus ordinary salt in SSaSS (rate ratio 0.86).

    Potassium chloride → Stroke incidence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    Combined sodium reduction/potassium increase; not potassium-alone molecular causation.
    experimental_model
    Cluster-randomized trial; mean 4.74-year follow-up.
    limitations
    Both sodium and potassium changed, so their effects cannot be separated. Serious kidney disease and potassium-sparing drugs/supplements were excluded; no serial serum-potassium surveillance.
    nutrient_topic
    Potassium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Potassium
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Replacing part of sodium chloride with potassium chloride improved a clinical outcome in the studied population.
    primary_references
    [k-neal2021] Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34459569/ DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2105675
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Clinical cerebrovascular outcome

    Potassium: cross-nutrient mechanisms and deficiency (2026-09-17) · lines 1697–1707

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cluster-randomized trial; mean 4.74-year follow-up. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### k-sodium-potassium-salt-stroke-trial The 75% NaCl/25% KCl salt substitute reduced stroke incidence versus ordinary salt in SSaSS (rate ratio 0.86). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Potassium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Replacing part of sodium chloride with potassium chloride improved a clinical outcome in the studied population. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Clinical cerebrovascular outcome experimental_model: Cluster-randomized trial; mean 4.74-year follow-up. limitations: Both sodium and potassium changed, so their effects cannot be separated. Serious kidney disease and potassium-sparing drugs/supplements were excluded; no serial serum-potassium surveillance. cross_nutrient: Combined sodium reduction/potassium increase; not potassium-alone molecular causation. [k-neal2021] Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34459569/ DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2105675
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. First stroke occurred in 2.7% with enalapril–folic acid versus 3.4% with enalapril alone (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.93).

    Folic acid → Stroke incidence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Double-blind randomized CSPPT: 20702 Chinese adults with hypertension and no previous stroke or myocardial infarction, stratified by MTHFR C677T genotype.
    exposure
    Enalapril 10 mg plus folic acid 0.8 mg/day versus enalapril alone; median 4.5 years.
    limitations
    Not a trial in all populations or secondary prevention; no proof of a single homocysteine-mediated mechanism.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Adding folic acid improved the first-stroke endpoint in this particular hypertensive population.
    primary_references
    [fol-csppt2015] Efficacy of folic acid therapy in primary prevention of stroke among adults with hypertension in China: the CSPPT randomized clinical trial (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25771069/ DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.2274
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1593–1603

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Double-blind randomized CSPPT: 20702 Chinese adults with hypertension and no previous stroke or myocardial infarction, stratified by MTHFR C677T genotype. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-csppt-first-stroke First stroke occurred in 2.7% with enalapril–folic acid versus 3.4% with enalapril alone (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.93). Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Adding folic acid improved the first-stroke endpoint in this particular hypertensive population. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Double-blind randomized CSPPT: 20702 Chinese adults with hypertension and no previous stroke or myocardial infarction, stratified by MTHFR C677T genotype. limitations: Not a trial in all populations or secondary prevention; no proof of a single homocysteine-mediated mechanism. exposure: Enalapril 10 mg plus folic acid 0.8 mg/day versus enalapril alone; median 4.5 years. [fol-csppt2015] Efficacy of folic acid therapy in primary prevention of stroke among adults with hypertension in China: the CSPPT randomized clinical trial (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25771069/ DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.2274
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. The stroke endpoint was lower with combined vitamins (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59–0.97), despite the null primary composite.

    Folic acid → Stroke incidence source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    experimental_model
    Randomized HOPE-2: 5522 adults at least 55 years old with vascular disease or diabetes, mean five years.
    exposure
    Folic acid 2.5 mg, B6 50 mg and B12 1 mg/day together versus placebo; combined intervention, not isolated folate.
    limitations
    Interpret secondary/component findings alongside the trial hierarchy and the reported increase in unstable-angina hospitalizations; not a general cardiovascular protection claim.
    nutrient_topic
    Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    One clinical component improved while the combined primary outcome did not.
    primary_references
    [fol-hope2006] Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16531613/ DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa060900
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints

    Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1642–1652

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized HOPE-2: 5522 adults at least 55 years old with vascular disease or diabetes, mean five years. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### fol-hope2-stroke-secondary The stroke endpoint was lower with combined vitamins (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59–0.97), despite the null primary composite. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: One clinical component improved while the combined primary outcome did not. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Human blood or whole-person clinical endpoints experimental_model: Randomized HOPE-2: 5522 adults at least 55 years old with vascular disease or diabetes, mean five years. limitations: Interpret secondary/component findings alongside the trial hierarchy and the reported increase in unstable-angina hospitalizations; not a general cardiovascular protection claim. exposure: Folic acid 2.5 mg, B6 50 mg and B12 1 mg/day together versus placebo; combined intervention, not isolated folate. [fol-hope2006] Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease (2006). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16531613/ DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa060900
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards