Component

Anemia in copper-deficient rats

Anemia in copper-deficient rats. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

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What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. High iron together with dietary ascorbate aggravated anemia in copper-deficient rats.

    L-Ascorbic acid → Anemia in copper-deficient rats source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/copper-research/3337044.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2302118b1dad186fdee87512abf58f47a36d430e329057c87b24e57e52e331cc", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 882, "text_sha256": "2302118b1dad186fdee87512abf58f47a36d430e329057c87b24e57e52e331cc"}
    experimental_model
    Factorial dietary copper, iron and ascorbate feeding experiment
    exposure
    Copper 0.42 versus 5.74 micrograms/g diet; iron 38 versus 191 micrograms/g; ascorbate 0 versus 1%, for 20 days
    limitations
    Animal feed concentrations cannot be converted into a human supplement rule. Baseline copper status modified effects.
    nutrient_topic
    Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Copper
    organism
    Rat
    plain_language
    A nutrient combination worsened the deficit in this animal setting.
    primary_references
    [copper-p3337044] Adverse effects of high dietary iron and ascorbic acid on copper status in copper-deficient and copper-adequate rats. (1988). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3337044/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/47.1.96
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Intestinal uptake, blood and tissues
    trigger_kind
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Copper: transport, cuproenzymes, deficiency, excess and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1157–1168

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Factorial dietary copper, iron and ascorbate feeding experiment · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### copper-iron-vitc-lowcu-anemia High iron together with dietary ascorbate aggravated anemia in copper-deficient rats. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A nutrient combination worsened the deficit in this animal setting. organism: Rat tissue_or_cell_type: Intestinal uptake, blood and tissues experimental_model: Factorial dietary copper, iron and ascorbate feeding experiment limitations: Animal feed concentrations cannot be converted into a human supplement rule. Baseline copper status modified effects. exposure: Copper 0.42 versus 5.74 micrograms/g diet; iron 38 versus 191 micrograms/g; ascorbate 0 versus 1%, for 20 days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/copper-research/3337044.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2302118b1dad186fdee87512abf58f47a36d430e329057c87b24e57e52e331cc", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 882, "text_sha256": "2302118b1dad186fdee87512abf58f47a36d430e329057c87b24e57e52e331cc"} [copper-p3337044] Adverse effects of high dietary iron and ascorbic acid on copper status in copper-deficient and copper-adequate rats. (1988). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3337044/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/47.1.96
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Additional copper prevented the reported growth, cardiac and anemia disturbances under high-iron feeding, but increased hepatic nonheme iron loading.

    Copper → Anemia in copper-deficient rats source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/iron-research/27537180.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1840, "text_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523"}
    experimental_model
    Five-week factorial iron/copper feeding
    exposure
    Approximately 8800, 80 or 11 ppm iron crossed with approximately 183, 8 or 0.9 ppm copper
    limitations
    Very high experimental iron exposure; not an estimate of human supplement risk at ordinary intake. Copper restoration did not normalize every iron measure.
    nutrient_topic
    Iron research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Iron
    organism
    Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats
    plain_language
    Correcting the copper-related problem did not mean the excess-iron problem had disappeared.
    primary_references
    [iron-p27537180] High-Iron Consumption Impairs Growth and Causes Copper-Deficiency Anemia in Weanling Sprague-Dawley Rats. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27537180/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161033
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Systemic copper and iron status
    trigger_kind
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Iron: absorption, trafficking, iron-dependent enzymes and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 927–938

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Five-week factorial iron/copper feeding · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### iron-copper-rescue-tradeoff Additional copper prevented the reported growth, cardiac and anemia disturbances under high-iron feeding, but increased hepatic nonheme iron loading. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Iron research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Correcting the copper-related problem did not mean the excess-iron problem had disappeared. organism: Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats tissue_or_cell_type: Systemic copper and iron status experimental_model: Five-week factorial iron/copper feeding limitations: Very high experimental iron exposure; not an estimate of human supplement risk at ordinary intake. Copper restoration did not normalize every iron measure. exposure: Approximately 8800, 80 or 11 ppm iron crossed with approximately 183, 8 or 0.9 ppm copper evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/iron-research/27537180.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1840, "text_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523"} [iron-p27537180] High-Iron Consumption Impairs Growth and Causes Copper-Deficiency Anemia in Weanling Sprague-Dawley Rats. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27537180/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161033
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Very-high-iron feeding caused low serum/tissue copper, reduced circulating ceruloplasmin activity, anemia and cardiac hypertrophy in the studied rats.

    Iron → Anemia in copper-deficient rats source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    availability_state
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/iron-research/27537180.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1840, "text_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523"}
    experimental_model
    Five-week factorial iron/copper feeding
    exposure
    Approximately 8800, 80 or 11 ppm iron crossed with approximately 183, 8 or 0.9 ppm copper
    limitations
    Very high experimental iron exposure; not an estimate of human supplement risk at ordinary intake. Copper restoration did not normalize every iron measure.
    nutrient_topic
    Iron research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Iron
    organism
    Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats
    plain_language
    Anemia developed despite abundant iron because another part of iron handling became deficient.
    primary_references
    [iron-p27537180] High-Iron Consumption Impairs Growth and Causes Copper-Deficiency Anemia in Weanling Sprague-Dawley Rats. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27537180/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161033
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Systemic copper and iron status
    trigger_kind
    nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.

    Iron: absorption, trafficking, iron-dependent enzymes and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 914–925

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Five-week factorial iron/copper feeding · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### iron-high-iron-copper-deficiency Very-high-iron feeding caused low serum/tissue copper, reduced circulating ceruloplasmin activity, anemia and cardiac hypertrophy in the studied rats. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Iron research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Anemia developed despite abundant iron because another part of iron handling became deficient. organism: Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats tissue_or_cell_type: Systemic copper and iron status experimental_model: Five-week factorial iron/copper feeding limitations: Very high experimental iron exposure; not an estimate of human supplement risk at ordinary intake. Copper restoration did not normalize every iron measure. exposure: Approximately 8800, 80 or 11 ppm iron crossed with approximately 183, 8 or 0.9 ppm copper evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/iron-research/27537180.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1840, "text_sha256": "59f2a83f1bffcacfed0df109f3690413aa2e6f08be6ad400817c5cbe2165e523"} [iron-p27537180] High-Iron Consumption Impairs Growth and Causes Copper-Deficiency Anemia in Weanling Sprague-Dawley Rats. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27537180/ DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161033
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

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