Component

Plasma noradrenaline concentration

Plasma noradrenaline concentration. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. Plasma noradrenaline and dopamine concentrations increased by 530% and 250% at 14 degrees C, while plasma adrenaline concentrations remained unchanged and cortisol tended to decrease.

    Cold water immersion → Plasma noradrenaline concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/10751106.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "d018fda7c67dc61bb0d4a38ddfd7850e7252897587c5a4477607271b10d42291", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2332, "text_sha256": "d018fda7c67dc61bb0d4a38ddfd7850e7252897587c5a4477607271b10d42291"}
    experimental_model
    Young men during 1-hour head-out immersions at 32, 20 and 14 degrees C
    exposure
    One hour head-out immersion at three water temperatures
    limitations
    The thermoneutral arm separates hydrostatic pressure from cold. Cortisol did not rise at any temperature, which bears directly on calling immersion a stress response.
    nutrient_topic
    Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Cold water immersion
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Cold water multiplies one messenger sixfold and leaves adrenaline and cortisol alone.
    primary_references
    [cold-p10751106] Human physiological responses to immersion into water of different temperatures. (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10751106/ DOI: 10.1007/s004210050065
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Whole body

    Cold water immersion: cold sensing, heat production, the catecholamine axis and what repeated exposure changes (2026-09-19) · lines 195–206

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Young men during 1-hour head-out immersions at 32, 20 and 14 degrees C · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### cold-cold-noradrenaline-rise Plasma noradrenaline and dopamine concentrations increased by 530% and 250% at 14 degrees C, while plasma adrenaline concentrations remained unchanged and cortisol tended to decrease. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: Cold water multiplies one messenger sixfold and leaves adrenaline and cortisol alone. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Whole body experimental_model: Young men during 1-hour head-out immersions at 32, 20 and 14 degrees C limitations: The thermoneutral arm separates hydrostatic pressure from cold. Cortisol did not rise at any temperature, which bears directly on calling immersion a stress response. exposure: One hour head-out immersion at three water temperatures evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/10751106.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "d018fda7c67dc61bb0d4a38ddfd7850e7252897587c5a4477607271b10d42291", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2332, "text_sha256": "d018fda7c67dc61bb0d4a38ddfd7850e7252897587c5a4477607271b10d42291"} [cold-p10751106] Human physiological responses to immersion into water of different temperatures. (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10751106/ DOI: 10.1007/s004210050065
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Mean plasma noradrenaline fell significantly from autumn to spring and more so in winter swimmers, but with no statistically significant difference between swimmers and controls; systolic blood pressure fell in swimmers, and plasma homovanillic acid and beta-endorphin were unchanged across all seasonal samples in both groups.

    Cold water immersion → Plasma noradrenaline concentration source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/12546194.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "08c39cf0438d2f97c989e86721085415de696a3c7df99f5c2dc6529c40f7aeb2", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1785, "text_sha256": "08c39cf0438d2f97c989e86721085415de696a3c7df99f5c2dc6529c40f7aeb2"}
    experimental_model
    Follow-up of winter swimmers and non-swimmer controls sampled in autumn, winter and spring
    exposure
    One winter swimming season
    limitations
    A seasonal follow-up with a control group. Its negative conclusion is explicit: the changes seen in swimmers also occurred in controls.
    nutrient_topic
    Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Cold water immersion
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Across a whole season the swimmers changed no more than the people who stayed dry.
    primary_references
    [cold-p12546194] Plasma catecholamines, serotonin and their metabolites and beta-endorphin of winter swimmers during one winter. Possible correlations to psychological traits. (2002). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12546194/ DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v61i4.17494
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Plasma hormones and blood pressure

    Cold water immersion: cold sensing, heat production, the catecholamine axis and what repeated exposure changes (2026-09-19) · lines 663–674

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Follow-up of winter swimmers and non-swimmer controls sampled in autumn, winter and spring · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### cold-seasonal-catecholamine-fall Mean plasma noradrenaline fell significantly from autumn to spring and more so in winter swimmers, but with no statistically significant difference between swimmers and controls; systolic blood pressure fell in swimmers, and plasma homovanillic acid and beta-endorphin were unchanged across all seasonal samples in both groups. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: Across a whole season the swimmers changed no more than the people who stayed dry. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma hormones and blood pressure experimental_model: Follow-up of winter swimmers and non-swimmer controls sampled in autumn, winter and spring limitations: A seasonal follow-up with a control group. Its negative conclusion is explicit: the changes seen in swimmers also occurred in controls. exposure: One winter swimming season evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/12546194.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "08c39cf0438d2f97c989e86721085415de696a3c7df99f5c2dc6529c40f7aeb2", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1785, "text_sha256": "08c39cf0438d2f97c989e86721085415de696a3c7df99f5c2dc6529c40f7aeb2"} [cold-p12546194] Plasma catecholamines, serotonin and their metabolites and beta-endorphin of winter swimmers during one winter. Possible correlations to psychological traits. (2002). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12546194/ DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v61i4.17494
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Cold exposure that induced brown adipose activity raised plasma noradrenaline and dopamine and improved peripheral glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity by about 20%, while first-phase insulin response remained stable and specific plasma fatty acids changed, with lignoceric acid rising and eicosanoic, nervonic and behenic acids falling.

    Cold water immersion → Peripheral insulin sensitivity source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/28945846.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b399b9e904d28b07a332dbd1664fec903eac6427cb2ea9c9e53d8b3a44d0d6fe", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1937, "text_sha256": "b399b9e904d28b07a332dbd1664fec903eac6427cb2ea9c9e53d8b3a44d0d6fe"}
    experimental_model
    Fifteen healthy men in a cross-balanced repeated within-subject study with a water-perfused suit
    exposure
    Moderate cold at 18.06 degrees C with shivering excluded, versus thermoneutral 22 degrees C
    limitations
    Shivering was deliberately excluded, so the effect is attributable to non-shivering mechanisms. First-phase insulin response was unchanged, separating sensitivity from secretion.
    nutrient_topic
    Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Cold water immersion
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Cold improved how the body handles glucose without changing how much insulin the pancreas released.
    primary_references
    [cold-p28945846] Cold-Induced Brown Adipose Tissue Activity Alters Plasma Fatty Acids and Improves Glucose Metabolism in Men. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28945846/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01250
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Brown adipose tissue and whole body

    Cold water immersion: cold sensing, heat production, the catecholamine axis and what repeated exposure changes (2026-09-19) · lines 884–895

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Fifteen healthy men in a cross-balanced repeated within-subject study with a water-perfused suit · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### cold-cold-glucose-uptake-men Cold exposure that induced brown adipose activity raised plasma noradrenaline and dopamine and improved peripheral glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity by about 20%, while first-phase insulin response remained stable and specific plasma fatty acids changed, with lignoceric acid rising and eicosanoic, nervonic and behenic acids falling. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: Cold improved how the body handles glucose without changing how much insulin the pancreas released. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Brown adipose tissue and whole body experimental_model: Fifteen healthy men in a cross-balanced repeated within-subject study with a water-perfused suit limitations: Shivering was deliberately excluded, so the effect is attributable to non-shivering mechanisms. First-phase insulin response was unchanged, separating sensitivity from secretion. exposure: Moderate cold at 18.06 degrees C with shivering excluded, versus thermoneutral 22 degrees C evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/28945846.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b399b9e904d28b07a332dbd1664fec903eac6427cb2ea9c9e53d8b3a44d0d6fe", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1937, "text_sha256": "b399b9e904d28b07a332dbd1664fec903eac6427cb2ea9c9e53d8b3a44d0d6fe"} [cold-p28945846] Cold-Induced Brown Adipose Tissue Activity Alters Plasma Fatty Acids and Improves Glucose Metabolism in Men. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28945846/ DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01250
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards