Component

Polymerisation of tubulin into microtubules

Polymerisation of tubulin into microtubules. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

6 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. Colchicine and a range of anthelmintic benzimidazoles inhibited in vitro polymerisation of tubulin purified from Ascaridia galli more than that purified from mammalian tissue, with oxfendazole and thiabendazole having virtually no effect on mammalian tubulin assembly while both inhibited nematode tubulin, and electron microscopy revealed no morphological differences between microtubules polymerised with or without drug although their length and number were reduced.

    Mebendazole → Polymerisation of tubulin into microtubules source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/6712717.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "dc6664076b62c0da221cce8e34690f297828b832da76857a2cc12cf9769fb282", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 949, "text_sha256": "dc6664076b62c0da221cce8e34690f297828b832da76857a2cc12cf9769fb282"}
    experimental_model
    In vitro polymerisation of tubulin purified from Ascaridia galli and from mammalian tissue, with electron microscopy
    exposure
    Colchicine and a range of anthelmintic benzimidazoles on both tubulins
    limitations
    Adds electron microscopy, which shows the drug reduces the number and length of microtubules without making abnormal ones. Purified protein rather than intact parasite.
    nutrient_topic
    Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
    organism
    Nematode and mammal
    plain_language
    The microtubules that do form look normal; there are simply fewer and shorter ones.
    primary_references
    [mbz-p6712717] A comparison of the interaction of anthelmintic benzimidazoles with tubulin isolated from mammalian tissue and the parasitic nematode Ascaridia galli. (1984). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6712717/ DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(84)90515-x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Purified tubulin

    Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 173–184

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · In vitro polymerisation of tubulin purified from Ascaridia galli and from mammalian tissue, with electron microscopy · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mbz-fewer-not-abnormal Colchicine and a range of anthelmintic benzimidazoles inhibited in vitro polymerisation of tubulin purified from Ascaridia galli more than that purified from mammalian tissue, with oxfendazole and thiabendazole having virtually no effect on mammalian tubulin assembly while both inhibited nematode tubulin, and electron microscopy revealed no morphological differences between microtubules polymerised with or without drug although their length and number were reduced. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: The microtubules that do form look normal; there are simply fewer and shorter ones. organism: Nematode and mammal tissue_or_cell_type: Purified tubulin experimental_model: In vitro polymerisation of tubulin purified from Ascaridia galli and from mammalian tissue, with electron microscopy limitations: Adds electron microscopy, which shows the drug reduces the number and length of microtubules without making abnormal ones. Purified protein rather than intact parasite. exposure: Colchicine and a range of anthelmintic benzimidazoles on both tubulins evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/6712717.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "dc6664076b62c0da221cce8e34690f297828b832da76857a2cc12cf9769fb282", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 949, "text_sha256": "dc6664076b62c0da221cce8e34690f297828b832da76857a2cc12cf9769fb282"} [mbz-p6712717] A comparison of the interaction of anthelmintic benzimidazoles with tubulin isolated from mammalian tissue and the parasitic nematode Ascaridia galli. (1984). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6712717/ DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(84)90515-x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Median inhibitory concentrations for nocodazole, oxibendazole, parbendazole, mebendazole and fenbendazole against bovine brain tubulin polymerisation ranged from 1.97 x 10-6 to 6.32 x 10-6 molar, while benomyl, cambendazole and carbendazim had values from 5.83 x 10-5 to 9.01 x 10-5 molar and thiabendazole had a value of 5.49 x 10-4 molar.

    Mebendazole → Polymerisation of tubulin into microtubules source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/728472.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "544c36409218c93ebff76d932a2bc6e14ccf7fd6e217d4614c4b561281c2555a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1025, "text_sha256": "544c36409218c93ebff76d932a2bc6e14ccf7fd6e217d4614c4b561281c2555a"}
    experimental_model
    Turbidimetric microtubule polymerisation assay and colchicine binding assay on purified bovine brain tubulin
    exposure
    Eleven benzimidazoles compared for inhibition of the initial rate of microtubule polymerisation
    limitations
    Purified mammalian tubulin, which is the off-target rather than the parasite target. It fixes where mebendazole sits in the class by potency.
    nutrient_topic
    Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
    organism
    Cattle
    plain_language
    Mebendazole sits in the potent group; thiabendazole is about a hundred times weaker.
    primary_references
    [mbz-p728472] Interaction of anthelmintic benzimidazoles and benzimidazole derivatives with bovine brain tubulin. (1978). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/728472/ DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(78)90334-3
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Brain tubulin

    Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 82–93

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Turbidimetric microtubule polymerisation assay and colchicine binding assay on purified bovine brain tubulin · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mbz-inhibits-polymerisation Median inhibitory concentrations for nocodazole, oxibendazole, parbendazole, mebendazole and fenbendazole against bovine brain tubulin polymerisation ranged from 1.97 x 10-6 to 6.32 x 10-6 molar, while benomyl, cambendazole and carbendazim had values from 5.83 x 10-5 to 9.01 x 10-5 molar and thiabendazole had a value of 5.49 x 10-4 molar. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: Mebendazole sits in the potent group; thiabendazole is about a hundred times weaker. organism: Cattle tissue_or_cell_type: Brain tubulin experimental_model: Turbidimetric microtubule polymerisation assay and colchicine binding assay on purified bovine brain tubulin limitations: Purified mammalian tubulin, which is the off-target rather than the parasite target. It fixes where mebendazole sits in the class by potency. exposure: Eleven benzimidazoles compared for inhibition of the initial rate of microtubule polymerisation evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/728472.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "544c36409218c93ebff76d932a2bc6e14ccf7fd6e217d4614c4b561281c2555a", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1025, "text_sha256": "544c36409218c93ebff76d932a2bc6e14ccf7fd6e217d4614c4b561281c2555a"} [mbz-p728472] Interaction of anthelmintic benzimidazoles and benzimidazole derivatives with bovine brain tubulin. (1978). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/728472/ DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(78)90334-3
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Across thirty-two methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates, the size or some colinear physico-chemical characteristic of the substituent in the 5 or 6 position had a profound effect on potency against mammalian tubulin polymerisation, and branching with or without a commensurate increase in polarity adjacent to the benzimidazole ring resulted in a loss of activity.

    Mebendazole → Polymerisation of tubulin into microtubules source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/3985991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9b881308a6051bd89e2f8323670dd08a8d5e50cf06c7705724ece611440643e5", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 680, "text_sha256": "9b881308a6051bd89e2f8323670dd08a8d5e50cf06c7705724ece611440643e5"}
    experimental_model
    Structure-activity study of thirty-two methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates against mammalian tubulin polymerisation
    exposure
    Systematic variation of the 5(6)-position substituent
    limitations
    Quantitative structure-activity modelling on the off-target protein. It says which part of the molecule matters, not which target matters.
    nutrient_topic
    Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
    organism
    Mammal
    plain_language
    One position on the ring decides how well the whole family works.
    primary_references
    [mbz-p3985991] Structure-activity relationships of benzimidazole carbamates as inhibitors of mammalian tubulin, in vitro. (1985). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3985991/ DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(85)90611-2
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Tubulin

    Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 225–236

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Structure-activity study of thirty-two methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates against mammalian tubulin polymerisation · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mbz-the-5-substituent-governs Across thirty-two methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates, the size or some colinear physico-chemical characteristic of the substituent in the 5 or 6 position had a profound effect on potency against mammalian tubulin polymerisation, and branching with or without a commensurate increase in polarity adjacent to the benzimidazole ring resulted in a loss of activity. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: One position on the ring decides how well the whole family works. organism: Mammal tissue_or_cell_type: Tubulin experimental_model: Structure-activity study of thirty-two methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates against mammalian tubulin polymerisation limitations: Quantitative structure-activity modelling on the off-target protein. It says which part of the molecule matters, not which target matters. exposure: Systematic variation of the 5(6)-position substituent evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/3985991.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9b881308a6051bd89e2f8323670dd08a8d5e50cf06c7705724ece611440643e5", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 680, "text_sha256": "9b881308a6051bd89e2f8323670dd08a8d5e50cf06c7705724ece611440643e5"} [mbz-p3985991] Structure-activity relationships of benzimidazole carbamates as inhibitors of mammalian tubulin, in vitro. (1985). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3985991/ DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(85)90611-2
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Benzimidazole carbamates with strong inhibitory activity against mammalian tubulin were potent inhibitors of Haemonchus contortus egg hatch while non-inhibitors failed to prevent hatching, supporting the view that the primary mode of action of these drugs on nematode eggs is inhibition of microtubule-dependent processes within the developing egg.

    Mebendazole → Hatching of nematode eggs source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/3564338.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "89495a42e9f41cac9010e20e925b802c27fde1dfac9a4a24dd2236335f4d61b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 818, "text_sha256": "89495a42e9f41cac9010e20e925b802c27fde1dfac9a4a24dd2236335f4d61b1"}
    experimental_model
    Correlation of Haemonchus contortus egg hatch inhibition with inhibition of mammalian tubulin polymerisation
    exposure
    Benzimidazole carbamates tested in both assays
    limitations
    A correlation rather than a demonstration of mechanism in the egg, and the hatch assay was sensitive to co-solvent concentration and incubation time.
    nutrient_topic
    Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
    organism
    Nematode and mammal
    plain_language
    The compounds that block tubulin are the ones that stop eggs hatching, and the ones that do not, do not.
    primary_references
    [mbz-p3564338] Comparison of inhibition of polymerisation of mammalian tubulin and helminth ovicidal activity by benzimidazole carbamates. (1987). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3564338/ DOI: 10.1016/0304-4017(87)90029-x
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Nematode eggs and mammalian tubulin

    Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 212–223

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Correlation of Haemonchus contortus egg hatch inhibition with inhibition of mammalian tubulin polymerisation · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mbz-egg-hatch-tracks-tubulin Benzimidazole carbamates with strong inhibitory activity against mammalian tubulin were potent inhibitors of Haemonchus contortus egg hatch while non-inhibitors failed to prevent hatching, supporting the view that the primary mode of action of these drugs on nematode eggs is inhibition of microtubule-dependent processes within the developing egg. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: The compounds that block tubulin are the ones that stop eggs hatching, and the ones that do not, do not. organism: Nematode and mammal tissue_or_cell_type: Nematode eggs and mammalian tubulin experimental_model: Correlation of Haemonchus contortus egg hatch inhibition with inhibition of mammalian tubulin polymerisation limitations: A correlation rather than a demonstration of mechanism in the egg, and the hatch assay was sensitive to co-solvent concentration and incubation time. exposure: Benzimidazole carbamates tested in both assays evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/3564338.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "89495a42e9f41cac9010e20e925b802c27fde1dfac9a4a24dd2236335f4d61b1", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 818, "text_sha256": "89495a42e9f41cac9010e20e925b802c27fde1dfac9a4a24dd2236335f4d61b1"} [mbz-p3564338] Comparison of inhibition of polymerisation of mammalian tubulin and helminth ovicidal activity by benzimidazole carbamates. (1987). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3564338/ DOI: 10.1016/0304-4017(87)90029-x
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. In glioblastoma cell lines mebendazole displayed cytotoxicity with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 micromolar, disrupted microtubule formation in those cells with in vitro activity correlated with reduced tubulin polymerization, and significantly extended mean survival by up to 63% in syngeneic and xenograft orthotopic mouse glioma models; the programme began with the serendipitous observation that fenbendazole, used to treat pinworm infection, inhibited brain tumour engraftment.

    Mebendazole → Viability of glioblastoma cells source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/21764822.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "31b328d5c2340f7a4e9b6a3b3d46c68a8c0265c50d483375bc6dc15bb1696ad6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1210, "text_sha256": "31b328d5c2340f7a4e9b6a3b3d46c68a8c0265c50d483375bc6dc15bb1696ad6"}
    experimental_model
    Cell line cytotoxicity, tubulin polymerisation and syngeneic and xenograft orthotopic mouse glioma models
    exposure
    Mebendazole compared with fenbendazole, at doses documented as safe in humans
    limitations
    The observation that started the programme was serendipitous, from pinworm treatment of laboratory animals. Mouse models, and the survival gain is a mean rather than a cure.
    nutrient_topic
    Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
    organism
    Human cells and mouse
    plain_language
    The worm drug killed brain tumour cells at low concentrations and let mice live substantially longer.
    primary_references
    [mbz-p21764822] Antiparasitic mebendazole shows survival benefit in 2 preclinical models of glioblastoma multiforme. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21764822/ DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor077
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Glioblastoma

    Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 485–496

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cell line cytotoxicity, tubulin polymerisation and syngeneic and xenograft orthotopic mouse glioma models · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mbz-glioma-cytotoxicity In glioblastoma cell lines mebendazole displayed cytotoxicity with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 micromolar, disrupted microtubule formation in those cells with in vitro activity correlated with reduced tubulin polymerization, and significantly extended mean survival by up to 63% in syngeneic and xenograft orthotopic mouse glioma models; the programme began with the serendipitous observation that fenbendazole, used to treat pinworm infection, inhibited brain tumour engraftment. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: The worm drug killed brain tumour cells at low concentrations and let mice live substantially longer. organism: Human cells and mouse tissue_or_cell_type: Glioblastoma experimental_model: Cell line cytotoxicity, tubulin polymerisation and syngeneic and xenograft orthotopic mouse glioma models limitations: The observation that started the programme was serendipitous, from pinworm treatment of laboratory animals. Mouse models, and the survival gain is a mean rather than a cure. exposure: Mebendazole compared with fenbendazole, at doses documented as safe in humans evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/21764822.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "31b328d5c2340f7a4e9b6a3b3d46c68a8c0265c50d483375bc6dc15bb1696ad6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1210, "text_sha256": "31b328d5c2340f7a4e9b6a3b3d46c68a8c0265c50d483375bc6dc15bb1696ad6"} [mbz-p21764822] Antiparasitic mebendazole shows survival benefit in 2 preclinical models of glioblastoma multiforme. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21764822/ DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor077
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. The effective concentrations of mebendazole to inhibit GL261 glioblastoma cell viability, microtubule polymerization and metaphase arrest were very similar, and using mebendazole as a seed for the NCI COMPARE program revealed that the top-scoring drugs were highly enriched in microtubule-targeting drugs, indicating that the cell toxicity of mebendazole is indeed caused by inhibiting microtubule formation.

    Mebendazole → Mitotic arrest source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/28386621.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "20ef610d6b4a341f8a0a3f731bbea5477badbee517062c303bbf1075f3a29865", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1788, "text_sha256": "20ef610d6b4a341f8a0a3f731bbea5477badbee517062c303bbf1075f3a29865"}
    experimental_model
    Concentration-matched comparison of viability, microtubule polymerisation and metaphase arrest, with NCI COMPARE analysis and a head-to-head animal comparison against vincristine
    exposure
    Mebendazole against vincristine close to its maximum tolerated dose in orthotopic GL261 tumours
    limitations
    Tests whether the anticancer effect is the microtubule effect by matching concentrations across three assays, which most repurposing studies do not do.
    nutrient_topic
    Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
    organism
    Mouse
    plain_language
    The concentration that kills the cell is the concentration that blocks its microtubules, so it is the same mechanism.
    primary_references
    [mbz-p28386621] Repurposing Mebendazole as a Replacement for Vincristine for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28386621/ DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2017.00011
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Glioblastoma

    Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 498–509

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Concentration-matched comparison of viability, microtubule polymerisation and metaphase arrest, with NCI COMPARE analysis and a head-to-head animal comparison against vincristine · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### mbz-the-anticancer-effect-is-tubulin The effective concentrations of mebendazole to inhibit GL261 glioblastoma cell viability, microtubule polymerization and metaphase arrest were very similar, and using mebendazole as a seed for the NCI COMPARE program revealed that the top-scoring drugs were highly enriched in microtubule-targeting drugs, indicating that the cell toxicity of mebendazole is indeed caused by inhibiting microtubule formation. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: The concentration that kills the cell is the concentration that blocks its microtubules, so it is the same mechanism. organism: Mouse tissue_or_cell_type: Glioblastoma experimental_model: Concentration-matched comparison of viability, microtubule polymerisation and metaphase arrest, with NCI COMPARE analysis and a head-to-head animal comparison against vincristine limitations: Tests whether the anticancer effect is the microtubule effect by matching concentrations across three assays, which most repurposing studies do not do. exposure: Mebendazole against vincristine close to its maximum tolerated dose in orthotopic GL261 tumours evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/28386621.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "20ef610d6b4a341f8a0a3f731bbea5477badbee517062c303bbf1075f3a29865", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1788, "text_sha256": "20ef610d6b4a341f8a0a3f731bbea5477badbee517062c303bbf1075f3a29865"} [mbz-p28386621] Repurposing Mebendazole as a Replacement for Vincristine for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28386621/ DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2017.00011
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

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