Component

Late-evening glucose challenge relative to habitual bedtime

Late-evening glucose challenge relative to habitual bedtime. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

  1. Glucose AUC was about 8.3% higher in the late condition, with greater impairment in MTNR1B risk carriers.

    Late-evening glucose challenge relative to habitual bedtime → Glucose area under the curve after glucose challenge source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35015083.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1688, "text_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study
    exposure
    75 g OGTT four versus one hour before habitual bedtime after eight-hour fast
    limitations
    Glucose drinks simulated meal timing. Timing, endogenous melatonin and other circadian factors co-varied; the intervention did not selectively manipulate melatonin alone.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    845 Spanish adults
    plain_language
    A meal-timing comparison can reveal susceptibility without proving melatonin is the only mediator.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p35015083] Interplay of Dinner Timing and MTNR1B Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015083/ DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1314
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Endogenous melatonin and evening glucose handling

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1163–1174

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-late-challenge-glucose Glucose AUC was about 8.3% higher in the late condition, with greater impairment in MTNR1B risk carriers. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A meal-timing comparison can reveal susceptibility without proving melatonin is the only mediator. organism: 845 Spanish adults tissue_or_cell_type: Endogenous melatonin and evening glucose handling experimental_model: Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study limitations: Glucose drinks simulated meal timing. Timing, endogenous melatonin and other circadian factors co-varied; the intervention did not selectively manipulate melatonin alone. exposure: 75 g OGTT four versus one hour before habitual bedtime after eight-hour fast evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35015083.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1688, "text_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e"} [melatonin-p35015083] Interplay of Dinner Timing and MTNR1B Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015083/ DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1314
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Endogenous melatonin was about 3.5-fold higher in the late condition.

    Late-evening glucose challenge relative to habitual bedtime → Circulating melatonin exposure, route and timing specified source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35015083.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1688, "text_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study
    exposure
    75 g OGTT four versus one hour before habitual bedtime after eight-hour fast
    limitations
    Glucose drinks simulated meal timing. Timing, endogenous melatonin and other circadian factors co-varied; the intervention did not selectively manipulate melatonin alone.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    845 Spanish adults
    plain_language
    Late carbohydrate exposure coincided with a stronger night signal.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p35015083] Interplay of Dinner Timing and MTNR1B Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015083/ DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1314
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Endogenous melatonin and evening glucose handling

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1150–1161

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-late-challenge-hormone Endogenous melatonin was about 3.5-fold higher in the late condition. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Late carbohydrate exposure coincided with a stronger night signal. organism: 845 Spanish adults tissue_or_cell_type: Endogenous melatonin and evening glucose handling experimental_model: Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study limitations: Glucose drinks simulated meal timing. Timing, endogenous melatonin and other circadian factors co-varied; the intervention did not selectively manipulate melatonin alone. exposure: 75 g OGTT four versus one hour before habitual bedtime after eight-hour fast evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35015083.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1688, "text_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e"} [melatonin-p35015083] Interplay of Dinner Timing and MTNR1B Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015083/ DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1314
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Insulin AUC was about 6.7% lower in the late condition.

    Late-evening glucose challenge relative to habitual bedtime → Plasma insulin response to glucose challenge source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35015083.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1688, "text_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e"}
    experimental_model
    Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study
    exposure
    75 g OGTT four versus one hour before habitual bedtime after eight-hour fast
    limitations
    Glucose drinks simulated meal timing. Timing, endogenous melatonin and other circadian factors co-varied; the intervention did not selectively manipulate melatonin alone.
    nutrient_topic
    Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Melatonin
    organism
    845 Spanish adults
    plain_language
    The glucose rise accompanied a weaker insulin response.
    primary_references
    [melatonin-p35015083] Interplay of Dinner Timing and MTNR1B Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015083/ DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1314
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Endogenous melatonin and evening glucose handling

    Melatonin: synthesis, receptors, circadian timing and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1176–1187

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### melatonin-late-challenge-insulin Insulin AUC was about 6.7% lower in the late condition. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Melatonin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The glucose rise accompanied a weaker insulin response. organism: 845 Spanish adults tissue_or_cell_type: Endogenous melatonin and evening glucose handling experimental_model: Randomized crossover early versus late glucose-challenge study limitations: Glucose drinks simulated meal timing. Timing, endogenous melatonin and other circadian factors co-varied; the intervention did not selectively manipulate melatonin alone. exposure: 75 g OGTT four versus one hour before habitual bedtime after eight-hour fast evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/melatonin-research/35015083.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1688, "text_sha256": "14878cd566ac009dde6fd0a6cc78adf1a4b48cfb2bc09e262568c909f84f236e"} [melatonin-p35015083] Interplay of Dinner Timing and MTNR1B Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015083/ DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1314
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards