Component

Intestinal cholecalciferol uptake

Cellular entry of vitamin D3 across intestinal epithelial uptake surfaces.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. Expression of CD36 in HEK cells increased cholecalciferol uptake, and its corresponding inhibitor reduced this uptake.

    Human CD36 scavenger receptor → Intestinal cholecalciferol uptake source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    false
    evidence_location
    Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract.
    experimental_model
    Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately
    exposure
    Transporter transfection and selective-inhibitor co-incubation; exact dose/time absent from abstract.
    limitations
    HEK overexpression is not intact human intestine; inhibitors and uptake assays do not establish clinical deficiency. In-vivo ezetimibe effect in mice was nonsignificant.
    nutrient
    Vitamin D2 and D3 · Vitamin D2 and D3
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    CD36 can contribute to vitamin D3 entry into cells.
    primary_references
    [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553
    tissue_or_cell_type
    HEK cell model of a candidate intestinal uptake mechanism

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 181–194

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-act-cd36-uptake Expression of CD36 in HEK cells increased cholecalciferol uptake, and its corresponding inhibitor reduced this uptake. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: CD36 can contribute to vitamin D3 entry into cells. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: HEK cell model of a candidate intestinal uptake mechanism experimental_model: Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately limitations: HEK overexpression is not intact human intestine; inhibitors and uptake assays do not establish clinical deficiency. In-vivo ezetimibe effect in mice was nonsignificant. exposure: Transporter transfection and selective-inhibitor co-incubation; exact dose/time absent from abstract. cross_nutrient: false evidence_location: Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract. nutrient: Vitamin D2 and D3 [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Expression of NPC1L1 in HEK cells increased cholecalciferol uptake, and its corresponding inhibitor reduced this uptake.

    Human Niemann-Pick C1-like protein 1 / NPC1L1 → Intestinal cholecalciferol uptake source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    false
    evidence_location
    Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract.
    experimental_model
    Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately
    exposure
    Transporter transfection and selective-inhibitor co-incubation; exact dose/time absent from abstract.
    limitations
    HEK overexpression is not intact human intestine; inhibitors and uptake assays do not establish clinical deficiency. In-vivo ezetimibe effect in mice was nonsignificant.
    nutrient
    Vitamin D2 and D3 · Vitamin D2 and D3
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    NPC1L1 can contribute to vitamin D3 entry into cells.
    primary_references
    [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553
    tissue_or_cell_type
    HEK cell model of a candidate intestinal uptake mechanism

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 196–209

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-act-npc1l1-uptake Expression of NPC1L1 in HEK cells increased cholecalciferol uptake, and its corresponding inhibitor reduced this uptake. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: NPC1L1 can contribute to vitamin D3 entry into cells. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: HEK cell model of a candidate intestinal uptake mechanism experimental_model: Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately limitations: HEK overexpression is not intact human intestine; inhibitors and uptake assays do not establish clinical deficiency. In-vivo ezetimibe effect in mice was nonsignificant. exposure: Transporter transfection and selective-inhibitor co-incubation; exact dose/time absent from abstract. cross_nutrient: false evidence_location: Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract. nutrient: Vitamin D2 and D3 [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Expression of SR-BI in HEK cells increased cholecalciferol uptake, and its corresponding inhibitor reduced this uptake.

    Scavenger receptor class B type 1 / SCARB1 → Intestinal cholecalciferol uptake source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    false
    evidence_location
    Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract.
    experimental_model
    Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately
    exposure
    Transporter transfection and selective-inhibitor co-incubation; exact dose/time absent from abstract.
    limitations
    HEK overexpression is not intact human intestine; inhibitors and uptake assays do not establish clinical deficiency. In-vivo ezetimibe effect in mice was nonsignificant.
    nutrient
    Vitamin D2 and D3 · Vitamin D2 and D3
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    SR-BI can contribute to vitamin D3 entry into cells.
    primary_references
    [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553
    tissue_or_cell_type
    HEK cell model of a candidate intestinal uptake mechanism

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 166–179

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-act-scarb1-uptake Expression of SR-BI in HEK cells increased cholecalciferol uptake, and its corresponding inhibitor reduced this uptake. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: SR-BI can contribute to vitamin D3 entry into cells. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: HEK cell model of a candidate intestinal uptake mechanism experimental_model: Transfected HEK-cell uptake assay; intestinal relevance tested separately limitations: HEK overexpression is not intact human intestine; inhibitors and uptake assays do not establish clinical deficiency. In-vivo ezetimibe effect in mice was nonsignificant. exposure: Transporter transfection and selective-inhibitor co-incubation; exact dose/time absent from abstract. cross_nutrient: false evidence_location: Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract. nutrient: Vitamin D2 and D3 [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Co-incubation with tocopherol significantly impaired cholecalciferol uptake in Caco-2 cells.

    Alpha-tocopherol → Intestinal cholecalciferol uptake source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    cross_nutrient
    true
    evidence_location
    Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract.
    experimental_model
    Caco-2 apical uptake assay
    exposure
    Tocopherol and cholecalciferol co-incubation; dose/time unavailable in primary abstract.
    limitations
    The primary abstract says tocopherol; the authors' subsequent primary paper identifies it as alpha-tocopherol. No evidence here warrants separating normal oral supplements or diagnosing D malabsorption.
    nutrient
    Vitamin D2 and D3 · Vitamin D2 and D3
    nutrient_topic
    Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin D2 and D3
    organism
    Homo sapiens
    plain_language
    Vitamin E competed with D3 uptake in an intestinal cell model.
    primary_references
    [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553 [goncalves2015] Fat-soluble vitamin intestinal absorption: absorption sites in the intestine and interactions for absorption. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25442537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.021
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Caco-2 intestinal epithelial model

    Vitamin D2 and D3: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 211–225

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Caco-2 apical uptake assay · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### vd-act-tocopherol-uptake-competition Co-incubation with tocopherol significantly impaired cholecalciferol uptake in Caco-2 cells. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin D2 and D3 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Vitamin E competed with D3 uptake in an intestinal cell model. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Caco-2 intestinal epithelial model experimental_model: Caco-2 apical uptake assay limitations: The primary abstract says tocopherol; the authors' subsequent primary paper identifies it as alpha-tocopherol. No evidence here warrants separating normal oral supplements or diagnosing D malabsorption. exposure: Tocopherol and cholecalciferol co-incubation; dose/time unavailable in primary abstract. cross_nutrient: true evidence_location: Primary abstract, Methods and results; exact incubation concentrations/durations unavailable in abstract. nutrient: Vitamin D2 and D3 [reboul2011] Vitamin D intestinal absorption is not a simple passive diffusion: evidences for involvement of cholesterol transporters. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280209/ DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000553 [goncalves2015] Fat-soluble vitamin intestinal absorption: absorption sites in the intestine and interactions for absorption. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25442537/ DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.021
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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