Component

Human platelet reactivity by aggregometry

Human platelet reactivity by aggregometry. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. All three bitartrate-containing arms increased platelet reactivity, p<0.01.

    Choline bitartrate → Human platelet reactivity by aggregometry source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/33872583.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1740, "text_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac"}
    experimental_model
    Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention
    exposure
    Eggs, choline bitartrate, eggs plus bitartrate, egg whites plus bitartrate, or PC supplements
    limitations
    Fasting TMAO and platelet assays, not cardiovascular events. Acute post-meal tracing and four-week fasting results are not the same endpoint.
    nutrient_topic
    Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Choline
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    The platelet assay also changed; clinical clotting events were not tested.
    primary_references
    [choline-p33872583] Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33872583/ DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.016
    tissue_or_cell_type
    82 healthy volunteers with normal renal function

    Choline: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1192–1203

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### choline-bitartrate-platelets All three bitartrate-containing arms increased platelet reactivity, p<0.01. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The platelet assay also changed; clinical clotting events were not tested. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: 82 healthy volunteers with normal renal function experimental_model: Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention limitations: Fasting TMAO and platelet assays, not cardiovascular events. Acute post-meal tracing and four-week fasting results are not the same endpoint. exposure: Eggs, choline bitartrate, eggs plus bitartrate, egg whites plus bitartrate, or PC supplements evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/33872583.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1740, "text_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac"} [choline-p33872583] Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33872583/ DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.016
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. The egg-only arm did not significantly raise platelet reactivity, p=0.10.

    Four-egg daily regimen in the 2021 choline-form trial → Human platelet reactivity by aggregometry source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/33872583.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1740, "text_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac"}
    experimental_model
    Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention
    exposure
    Eggs, choline bitartrate, eggs plus bitartrate, egg whites plus bitartrate, or PC supplements
    limitations
    Fasting TMAO and platelet assays, not cardiovascular events. Acute post-meal tracing and four-week fasting results are not the same endpoint.
    nutrient_topic
    Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Choline
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Source and formulation mattered for this measured response.
    primary_references
    [choline-p33872583] Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33872583/ DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.016
    tissue_or_cell_type
    82 healthy volunteers with normal renal function

    Choline: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1218–1229

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### choline-eggs-platelet-null The egg-only arm did not significantly raise platelet reactivity, p=0.10. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Source and formulation mattered for this measured response. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: 82 healthy volunteers with normal renal function experimental_model: Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention limitations: Fasting TMAO and platelet assays, not cardiovascular events. Acute post-meal tracing and four-week fasting results are not the same endpoint. exposure: Eggs, choline bitartrate, eggs plus bitartrate, egg whites plus bitartrate, or PC supplements evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/33872583.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1740, "text_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac"} [choline-p33872583] Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33872583/ DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.016
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. PC supplements did not significantly raise platelet reactivity, p=0.79.

    Study-specific phosphatidylcholine supplements → Human platelet reactivity by aggregometry source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/33872583.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1740, "text_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac"}
    experimental_model
    Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention
    exposure
    Eggs, choline bitartrate, eggs plus bitartrate, egg whites plus bitartrate, or PC supplements
    limitations
    Fasting TMAO and platelet assays, not cardiovascular events. Acute post-meal tracing and four-week fasting results are not the same endpoint.
    nutrient_topic
    Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Choline
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    The PC arm also had a null platelet result.
    primary_references
    [choline-p33872583] Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33872583/ DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.016
    tissue_or_cell_type
    82 healthy volunteers with normal renal function

    Choline: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 1244–1255

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### choline-pc-platelets-null PC supplements did not significantly raise platelet reactivity, p=0.79. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The PC arm also had a null platelet result. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: 82 healthy volunteers with normal renal function experimental_model: Five-arm randomized four-week choline-form intervention limitations: Fasting TMAO and platelet assays, not cardiovascular events. Acute post-meal tracing and four-week fasting results are not the same endpoint. exposure: Eggs, choline bitartrate, eggs plus bitartrate, egg whites plus bitartrate, or PC supplements evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/33872583.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1740, "text_sha256": "b118e4fcf38f6ecdd6a982baef3e58cf39eb2bc87e67cad9fb9b55866a96c6ac"} [choline-p33872583] Dietary Choline Supplements, but Not Eggs, Raise Fasting TMAO Levels in Participants with Normal Renal Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33872583/ DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.016
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards