Cimetidine: molecular mechanisms & dependencies

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

In eight patients, cimetidine lowered the one-hour specific activity in the aminopyrine breath test and increased the maximum serum concentration of mebendazole, with a significant correlation between the breath test activity and the highest mebendazole concentration both before and after cimetidine, and combined administration resulted in the complete resolution of previously unresponsive hydatid cysts.
Cimetidine → Plasma concentration of mebendazole source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
availability_state
biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/3663452.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9bfd138da23825906ffca0d38a5a884ac761cf028ae3e0c3ddeabcc24d1c316e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "9bfd138da23825906ffca0d38a5a884ac761cf028ae3e0c3ddeabcc24d1c316e"}
experimental_model
Aminopyrine breath test and serum mebendazole concentrations in eight patients before and after 30 days of cimetidine
exposure
Mebendazole 1.5 grams three times daily, with cimetidine 400 milligrams three times daily for 30 days
limitations
Eight patients, five of whom had peptic ulcer rather than the target disease. The resolution of previously unresponsive cysts is reported without a control.
nutrient_topic
Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
organism
Human
plain_language
Blocking the liver enzyme that destroys it raises the blood level enough to clear cysts that had not responded.
primary_references
[mbz-p3663452] Cimetidine increases serum mebendazole concentrations. Implications for treatment of hepatic hydatid cysts. (1987). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3663452/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03186.x
tissue_or_cell_type
Liver and plasma
trigger_kind
biomarker_context Imported condition classification; unverified.
Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 472–483
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Aminopyrine breath test and serum mebendazole concentrations in eight patients before and after 30 days of cimetidine · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### mbz-cimetidine-raises-levels In eight patients, cimetidine lowered the one-hour specific activity in the aminopyrine breath test and increased the maximum serum concentration of mebendazole, with a significant correlation between the breath test activity and the highest mebendazole concentration both before and after cimetidine, and combined administration resulted in the complete resolution of previously unresponsive hydatid cysts. Condition category: biomarker_context nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: Blocking the liver enzyme that destroys it raises the blood level enough to clear cysts that had not responded. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Liver and plasma experimental_model: Aminopyrine breath test and serum mebendazole concentrations in eight patients before and after 30 days of cimetidine limitations: Eight patients, five of whom had peptic ulcer rather than the target disease. The resolution of previously unresponsive cysts is reported without a control. exposure: Mebendazole 1.5 grams three times daily, with cimetidine 400 milligrams three times daily for 30 days evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/3663452.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "9bfd138da23825906ffca0d38a5a884ac761cf028ae3e0c3ddeabcc24d1c316e", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 912, "text_sha256": "9bfd138da23825906ffca0d38a5a884ac761cf028ae3e0c3ddeabcc24d1c316e"} [mbz-p3663452] Cimetidine increases serum mebendazole concentrations. Implications for treatment of hepatic hydatid cysts. (1987). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3663452/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03186.x
Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

Carriage of two reduced-function OCT1 alleles was associated with metformin intolerance (odds ratio 2.41), rising to 4.13 in people also taking OCT1-inhibiting drugs.
Human OCT1 reduced-function coding variants in the 2007 and 2015 studies → Gastrointestinal intolerance of metformin source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/25510240.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f8eaf94237679ed7436f863e210d17b13a7219d064e46e7da915ed083c5b04c9", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1355, "text_sha256": "f8eaf94237679ed7436f863e210d17b13a7219d064e46e7da915ed083c5b04c9"}
experimental_model
Case-control comparison of 251 metformin-intolerant and 1915 tolerant people in GoDARTS
exposure
Prescribed metformin, OCT1 genotype and co-prescribed OCT1 inhibitors
limitations
An association study. Intolerance is self-evidently multifactorial, and the proposed intestinal-concentration mechanism was not measured here.
nutrient_topic
Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. · Metformin
organism
Human
plain_language
The transporter that controls where the drug goes is also linked to who cannot tolerate it.
primary_references
[metformin-p25510240] Association of Organic Cation Transporter 1 With Intolerance to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes: A GoDARTS Study. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25510240/ DOI: 10.2337/db14-1388
tissue_or_cell_type
Gastrointestinal tolerance
Metformin: transport, molecular targets, gut mechanisms and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 359–370
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Case-control comparison of 251 metformin-intolerant and 1915 tolerant people in GoDARTS · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### metformin-oct1-intolerance Carriage of two reduced-function OCT1 alleles was associated with metformin intolerance (odds ratio 2.41), rising to 4.13 in people also taking OCT1-inhibiting drugs. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake. plain_language: The transporter that controls where the drug goes is also linked to who cannot tolerate it. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Gastrointestinal tolerance experimental_model: Case-control comparison of 251 metformin-intolerant and 1915 tolerant people in GoDARTS limitations: An association study. Intolerance is self-evidently multifactorial, and the proposed intestinal-concentration mechanism was not measured here. exposure: Prescribed metformin, OCT1 genotype and co-prescribed OCT1 inhibitors evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/metformin-research/25510240.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f8eaf94237679ed7436f863e210d17b13a7219d064e46e7da915ed083c5b04c9", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1355, "text_sha256": "f8eaf94237679ed7436f863e210d17b13a7219d064e46e7da915ed083c5b04c9"} [metformin-p25510240] Association of Organic Cation Transporter 1 With Intolerance to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes: A GoDARTS Study. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25510240/ DOI: 10.2337/db14-1388
Complete structured claim and evidence

The events it takes part in

A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.

Situations it appears in

Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

Open hypotheses

Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.

This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

Cimetidine