Component
Human mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 / UCP1
Human mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 / UCP1. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What it acts on
UCP1-ablated mice acclimated to 4 degrees C sustained heat production at four times resting levels entirely by shivering, with no substitution by any adaptive non-shivering thermogenic process in muscle or any other organ, and neither UCP2 nor UCP3 could substitute.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/11511509.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6e49074478632e22aff36d236fa55e5afb956a4b335f7d95d2cae6f02c4f3d05", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1527, "text_sha256": "6e49074478632e22aff36d236fa55e5afb956a4b335f7d95d2cae6f02c4f3d05"}
- experimental_model
- UCP1-ablated mice acclimated successively to 4 degrees C
- exposure
- Successive cold acclimation with heat production at four times resting level
- limitations
- A demanding negative result: no substitute for the protein was recruited even under extreme thermogenic demand. It is a mouse result about adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis specifically.
- nutrient_topic
- Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Cold water immersion
- organism
- Mouse
- plain_language
- Only one protein can produce adaptive heat without shivering; nothing else stands in for it.
- primary_references
- [cold-p11511509] Only UCP1 can mediate adaptive nonshivering thermogenesis in the cold. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11511509/ DOI: 10.1096/fj.00-0536fje
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Brown adipose tissue, muscle and whole body
- trigger_kind
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
Cold water immersion: cold sensing, heat production, the catecholamine axis and what repeated exposure changes (2026-09-19) · lines 312–323
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · UCP1-ablated mice acclimated successively to 4 degrees C · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### cold-ucp1-only-mediator UCP1-ablated mice acclimated to 4 degrees C sustained heat production at four times resting levels entirely by shivering, with no substitution by any adaptive non-shivering thermogenic process in muscle or any other organ, and neither UCP2 nor UCP3 could substitute. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: Only one protein can produce adaptive heat without shivering; nothing else stands in for it. organism: Mouse tissue_or_cell_type: Brown adipose tissue, muscle and whole body experimental_model: UCP1-ablated mice acclimated successively to 4 degrees C limitations: A demanding negative result: no substitute for the protein was recruited even under extreme thermogenic demand. It is a mouse result about adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis specifically. exposure: Successive cold acclimation with heat production at four times resting level evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/11511509.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6e49074478632e22aff36d236fa55e5afb956a4b335f7d95d2cae6f02c4f3d05", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1527, "text_sha256": "6e49074478632e22aff36d236fa55e5afb956a4b335f7d95d2cae6f02c4f3d05"} [cold-p11511509] Only UCP1 can mediate adaptive nonshivering thermogenesis in the cold. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11511509/ DOI: 10.1096/fj.00-0536fje
Complete structured claim and evidence
What acts on it
UCP1 expression could be induced by any of the beta-1, beta-2 or beta-3 adrenergic receptor subtypes, but the greatest response came from stimulating all three simultaneously, and beta-3 stimulation did not prevent norepinephrine from further raising adenylyl cyclase activity, suggesting an additive cAMP response.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/7738011.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b1c5506f21f40d6674727a5fc3344f2b02f7fc9f2f1e911fd04bfecfc2399175", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2592, "text_sha256": "b1c5506f21f40d6674727a5fc3344f2b02f7fc9f2f1e911fd04bfecfc2399175"}
- experimental_model
- Immortalized mouse brown adipocyte cell lines with selective beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists
- exposure
- Norepinephrine, the beta-3 selective agonist CL316,243, and subtype-selective antagonists
- limitations
- A cell-line dissection of receptor subtypes. The additive cAMP response indicates the subtypes are not redundant, but these are immortalized cells.
- nutrient_topic
- Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. · Cold water immersion
- organism
- Mouse cell lines
- plain_language
- Three different receptors for the same messenger all feed the heat gene, and together they do more than any one alone.
- primary_references
- [cold-p7738011] Regulation of the uncoupling protein gene (Ucp) by beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3-adrenergic receptor subtypes in immortalized brown adipose cell lines. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7738011/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.18.10723
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Brown adipocytes
Cold water immersion: cold sensing, heat production, the catecholamine axis and what repeated exposure changes (2026-09-19) · lines 364–375
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Immortalized mouse brown adipocyte cell lines with selective beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### cold-beta-receptors-ucp1 UCP1 expression could be induced by any of the beta-1, beta-2 or beta-3 adrenergic receptor subtypes, but the greatest response came from stimulating all three simultaneously, and beta-3 stimulation did not prevent norepinephrine from further raising adenylyl cyclase activity, suggesting an additive cAMP response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Cold water immersion research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and a therapeutic exposure is not a dietary intake. plain_language: Three different receptors for the same messenger all feed the heat gene, and together they do more than any one alone. organism: Mouse cell lines tissue_or_cell_type: Brown adipocytes experimental_model: Immortalized mouse brown adipocyte cell lines with selective beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists limitations: A cell-line dissection of receptor subtypes. The additive cAMP response indicates the subtypes are not redundant, but these are immortalized cells. exposure: Norepinephrine, the beta-3 selective agonist CL316,243, and subtype-selective antagonists evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/cold-research/7738011.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "b1c5506f21f40d6674727a5fc3344f2b02f7fc9f2f1e911fd04bfecfc2399175", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2592, "text_sha256": "b1c5506f21f40d6674727a5fc3344f2b02f7fc9f2f1e911fd04bfecfc2399175"} [cold-p7738011] Regulation of the uncoupling protein gene (Ucp) by beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3-adrenergic receptor subtypes in immortalized brown adipose cell lines. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7738011/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.18.10723
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.