Component
Total body water
Total body water. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
In 50 habitual male coffee drinkers, coffee and water produced no significant difference in total body water or 24-hour urine volume.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_access
- Primary abstract
- experimental_model
- Three-day crossover; four 200 mL servings supplying 4 mg/kg/day caffeine versus equal water.
- limitations
- Whole coffee plus fluid in habituated men, not dry caffeine or an acute bolus in nonusers.
- nutrient_topic
- Caffeine collection; salts, coffee, species and coexposure contexts retain their identities. · Caffeine
- plain_language
- An acute diuretic effect does not mean habitual coffee drinking always dehydrates.
- primary_references
- No evidence of dehydration with moderate daily coffee intake: a counterbalanced cross-over study in a free-living population. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24416202/ · DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084154
Caffeine: receptors, metabolism, nutrient interactions, adaptation and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 372–378
AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Three-day crossover; four 200 mL servings supplying 4 mg/kg/day caffeine versus equal water. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## caf-coffee-water An acute diuretic effect does not mean habitual coffee drinking always dehydrates. In 50 habitual male coffee drinkers, coffee and water produced no significant difference in total body water or 24-hour urine volume. Model: Three-day crossover; four 200 mL servings supplying 4 mg/kg/day caffeine versus equal water. Limitations: Whole coffee plus fluid in habituated men, not dry caffeine or an acute bolus in nonusers. Evidence access: Primary abstract No evidence of dehydration with moderate daily coffee intake: a counterbalanced cross-over study in a free-living population. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24416202/ · DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084154
Complete structured claim and evidence
Where it participates (unsigned role)
Serum-water sodium correlated strongly with (exchangeable sodium + exchangeable potassium)/total body water in the studied patients.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/13575523.fulltext.txt", "locator": "Exact primary full-text span; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ee58d9f6c640fec095876c15e7ddf6fe8bf539cb972c74841db02d2640eebbe2", "start_char": 54337, "end_char": 56036, "text_sha256": "29b3a155f7b33a8b86aa9e30182063d71f5af3c60910a237794c1310094a4c39"}
- experimental_model
- Simultaneous isotope-dilution and serum measurements, including serial observations
- exposure
- Observed variation in body composition
- limitations
- Historical observational regression; serum-water sodium and exchangeable pools are not interchangeable with current clinical plasma measurements or all body sodium. Not an individual correction calculator.
- nutrient_topic
- Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Sodium
- organism
- Human patients with chronic illnesses
- plain_language
- Blood sodium reflects a relationship between body cations and water, rather than a simple count of how much sodium was eaten.
- primary_references
- [sodium-p13575523] Interrelations between serum sodium concentration, serum osmolarity and total exchangeable sodium, total exchangeable potassium and total body water. (1958). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13575523/ DOI: 10.1172/jci103712
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Whole-body water and exchangeable cations
Sodium: gradients, nutrient transport, fluid regulation and loss states (2026-09-17) · lines 265–276
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Simultaneous isotope-dilution and serum measurements, including serial observations · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### sodium-body-water-ratio Serum-water sodium correlated strongly with (exchangeable sodium + exchangeable potassium)/total body water in the studied patients. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Sodium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Blood sodium reflects a relationship between body cations and water, rather than a simple count of how much sodium was eaten. organism: Human patients with chronic illnesses tissue_or_cell_type: Whole-body water and exchangeable cations experimental_model: Simultaneous isotope-dilution and serum measurements, including serial observations limitations: Historical observational regression; serum-water sodium and exchangeable pools are not interchangeable with current clinical plasma measurements or all body sodium. Not an individual correction calculator. exposure: Observed variation in body composition evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/sodium-research/13575523.fulltext.txt", "locator": "Exact primary full-text span; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ee58d9f6c640fec095876c15e7ddf6fe8bf539cb972c74841db02d2640eebbe2", "start_char": 54337, "end_char": 56036, "text_sha256": "29b3a155f7b33a8b86aa9e30182063d71f5af3c60910a237794c1310094a4c39"} [sodium-p13575523] Interrelations between serum sodium concentration, serum osmolarity and total exchangeable sodium, total exchangeable potassium and total body water. (1958). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13575523/ DOI: 10.1172/jci103712
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.