Component
Rat cecal gamma-glutamylglutamine pool
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
The rat glyphosate/formulation study recorded increased cecal gamma-glutamylglutamine.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_access
- Primary full text retrieved; relevant methods/results/figures reviewed. Selective extraction, not raw-data reanalysis or exhaustive supplemental extraction.
- experimental_model
- 90-day rat metabolomics; study-level observed pool change.
- interpretation_status
- Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
- limitations
- Not direct host glutathione flux, nutrient depletion, or per-dose replicated effect.
- plain_language
- The rat glyphosate/formulation study recorded increased cecal gamma-glutamylglutamine.
- primary_references
- Use of Shotgun Metagenomics and Metabolomics to Evaluate the Impact of Glyphosate or Roundup MON 52276 on the Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolome of Sprague-Dawley Rats. | 2021 | DOI 10.1289/ehp6990 | PMID 33502259 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33502259/ | https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp6990 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7839352/
- source_locator
- Reviewed reference lines 39-39; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.
Shikimic acid: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 5 October 2026) · lines 39–39
Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · 90-day rat metabolomics; study-level observed pool change. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
**Microbial metabolites do not automatically establish host deficiency.** The same rat study recorded cecal changes in cysteinylglycine, gamma-glutamylglutamine and valylglycine, among other metabolites. These pools are not direct measurements of host glutathione synthesis, nutrient sufficiency or pathway flux. In separate bacterial culture comparisons, Roundup GT+ suppressed L. rhamnosus growth under conditions where pure glyphosate and MON52276 did not. Formulations therefore retain separate actor identities. A dose in mg/kg/day cannot be converted into a microbial mM exposure without measured concentration, distribution and time. [Use of Shotgun Metagenomics and Metabolomics to Evaluate the Impact of Glyphosate or Roundup MON 52276 on the Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolome of Sprague-Dawley Rats.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33502259/)
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.