Component
Reported glutathione–chromium–DNA ternary adduct
Reported glutathione–chromium–DNA ternary adduct. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
The study attributed about 5% of total chromium-DNA adducts to GSH-Cr-DNA crosslinks at 2 mM glutathione, with four- to fivefold higher crosslinking at 5 mM.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/chromium-research/18808157.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ed2c80b5da41d110da38bc0ed29d900d1d33f4180b64e13cb9b24ae7da5e1cdb", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1724, "text_sha256": "ed2c80b5da41d110da38bc0ed29d900d1d33f4180b64e13cb9b24ae7da5e1cdb"}
- experimental_model
- Cell-free chromate reduction followed by plasmid replication in human fibroblasts
- exposure
- 2 versus 5 mM glutathione with Cr(VI)
- limitations
- Toxicology assay, not oral chromium exposure. Proposed crosslink identities depend on preparation and analytical methods; later work questions some pre-reacted ternary-adduct preparations.
- nutrient_topic
- Chromium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Chromium
- organism
- Chemical system with human fibroblast mutagenicity readout
- plain_language
- The authors detected and assigned a glutathione-linked DNA lesion; the preparation and analytical assignment matter.
- primary_references
- [chromium-p18808157] Reduction with glutathione is a weakly mutagenic pathway in chromium(VI) metabolism. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18808157/ DOI: 10.1021/tx800265g
- tissue_or_cell_type
- DNA reaction mixture and reporter plasmid
Chromium: transport, insulin signaling, nutrient interactions and essentiality debate (2026-09-17) · lines 1173–1184
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cell-free chromate reduction followed by plasmid replication in human fibroblasts · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### chromium-gsh-chromate-adducts The study attributed about 5% of total chromium-DNA adducts to GSH-Cr-DNA crosslinks at 2 mM glutathione, with four- to fivefold higher crosslinking at 5 mM. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Chromium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The authors detected and assigned a glutathione-linked DNA lesion; the preparation and analytical assignment matter. organism: Chemical system with human fibroblast mutagenicity readout tissue_or_cell_type: DNA reaction mixture and reporter plasmid experimental_model: Cell-free chromate reduction followed by plasmid replication in human fibroblasts limitations: Toxicology assay, not oral chromium exposure. Proposed crosslink identities depend on preparation and analytical methods; later work questions some pre-reacted ternary-adduct preparations. exposure: 2 versus 5 mM glutathione with Cr(VI) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/chromium-research/18808157.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ed2c80b5da41d110da38bc0ed29d900d1d33f4180b64e13cb9b24ae7da5e1cdb", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1724, "text_sha256": "ed2c80b5da41d110da38bc0ed29d900d1d33f4180b64e13cb9b24ae7da5e1cdb"} [chromium-p18808157] Reduction with glutathione is a weakly mutagenic pathway in chromium(VI) metabolism. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18808157/ DOI: 10.1021/tx800265g
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.