Presynaptic calcium influx at the axon terminal: molecular mechanisms & dependencies

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

CB1 controls GABA release by inhibiting calcium entry into presynaptic axon terminals via N-type Cav2.2 channels, with a power relationship of exponent 2.2 between unitary inhibitory current amplitude and intrabouton calcium.
Human cannabinoid receptor 1 / CB1 / CNR1 → Presynaptic calcium influx at the axon terminal source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/thc-research/24899717.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "037d9888adff577901a9dc0d0cd27fdb4fd755da283857a848a15484dd53d2ed", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "037d9888adff577901a9dc0d0cd27fdb4fd755da283857a848a15484dd53d2ed"}
experimental_model
Paired recordings and presynaptic calcium imaging in mouse hippocampal slices
exposure
CB1 activation and removal of tonic activity at interneuron-pyramidal cell connections
limitations
Identifies the specific channel and gives the power relationship between calcium and release. It concerns inhibitory terminals of one interneuron class.
nutrient_topic
THC research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and THC is recorded separately from the endocannabinoids it imitates. · Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol / THC
organism
Mouse
plain_language
The receptor works by closing the calcium gate that triggers transmitter release.
primary_references
[thc-p24899717] Presynaptic calcium channel inhibition underlies CB₁ cannabinoid receptor-mediated suppression of GABA release. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24899717/ DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0247-14.2014
tissue_or_cell_type
Hippocampus
THC: the cannabinoid receptors, the endocannabinoid system it occupies, what the drug does, and the dietary fat it is built from (2026-09-21) · lines 192–203
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Paired recordings and presynaptic calcium imaging in mouse hippocampal slices · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### thc-cb1-calcium-channel CB1 controls GABA release by inhibiting calcium entry into presynaptic axon terminals via N-type Cav2.2 channels, with a power relationship of exponent 2.2 between unitary inhibitory current amplitude and intrabouton calcium. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: THC research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and THC is recorded separately from the endocannabinoids it imitates. plain_language: The receptor works by closing the calcium gate that triggers transmitter release. organism: Mouse tissue_or_cell_type: Hippocampus experimental_model: Paired recordings and presynaptic calcium imaging in mouse hippocampal slices limitations: Identifies the specific channel and gives the power relationship between calcium and release. It concerns inhibitory terminals of one interneuron class. exposure: CB1 activation and removal of tonic activity at interneuron-pyramidal cell connections evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/thc-research/24899717.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "037d9888adff577901a9dc0d0cd27fdb4fd755da283857a848a15484dd53d2ed", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1204, "text_sha256": "037d9888adff577901a9dc0d0cd27fdb4fd755da283857a848a15484dd53d2ed"} [thc-p24899717] Presynaptic calcium channel inhibition underlies CB₁ cannabinoid receptor-mediated suppression of GABA release. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24899717/ DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0247-14.2014
Complete structured claim and evidence
Endogenous cannabinoids retrogradely inhibited presynaptic calcium influx at excitatory synapses onto Purkinje cells.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol / 2-AG → Presynaptic calcium influx at the axon terminal source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/thc-research/11301030.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "c696bee2c487e7deca703c5c903b38935f6d635f29bbf4ebf498869eaa4491c0", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1025, "text_sha256": "c696bee2c487e7deca703c5c903b38935f6d635f29bbf4ebf498869eaa4491c0"}
experimental_model
Presynaptic calcium imaging at excitatory synapses onto cerebellar Purkinje cells
exposure
Depolarisation-induced suppression of excitation with calcium measurement
limitations
Extends the mechanism to excitatory synapses in a different brain region and measures the calcium step directly.
nutrient_topic
THC research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and THC is recorded separately from the endocannabinoids it imitates. · Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol / THC
organism
Rodent
plain_language
The same backwards signal works on excitatory terminals too, by closing the same calcium gate.
primary_references
[thc-p11301030] Retrograde inhibition of presynaptic calcium influx by endogenous cannabinoids at excitatory synapses onto Purkinje cells. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11301030/ DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00246-x
tissue_or_cell_type
Cerebellum
THC: the cannabinoid receptors, the endocannabinoid system it occupies, what the drug does, and the dietary fat it is built from (2026-09-21) · lines 296–307
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Presynaptic calcium imaging at excitatory synapses onto cerebellar Purkinje cells · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### thc-retrograde-purkinje Endogenous cannabinoids retrogradely inhibited presynaptic calcium influx at excitatory synapses onto Purkinje cells. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: THC research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and THC is recorded separately from the endocannabinoids it imitates. plain_language: The same backwards signal works on excitatory terminals too, by closing the same calcium gate. organism: Rodent tissue_or_cell_type: Cerebellum experimental_model: Presynaptic calcium imaging at excitatory synapses onto cerebellar Purkinje cells limitations: Extends the mechanism to excitatory synapses in a different brain region and measures the calcium step directly. exposure: Depolarisation-induced suppression of excitation with calcium measurement evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/thc-research/11301030.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "c696bee2c487e7deca703c5c903b38935f6d635f29bbf4ebf498869eaa4491c0", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1025, "text_sha256": "c696bee2c487e7deca703c5c903b38935f6d635f29bbf4ebf498869eaa4491c0"} [thc-p11301030] Retrograde inhibition of presynaptic calcium influx by endogenous cannabinoids at excitatory synapses onto Purkinje cells. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11301030/ DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00246-x
Complete structured claim and evidence

The events it takes part in

A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.

Situations it appears in

Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.

In the sources

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Open hypotheses

Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.

This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

Presynaptic calcium influx at the axon terminal