Component
MTR gene (Homo sapiens)
Human methionine synthase gene.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What it acts on
The fraction of measured intracellular folate present as 5-methyl-THF was 2.5-fold higher in cblG WG4215 fibroblasts than in control MCH058 fibroblasts.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
- experimental_model
- N2O-treated HeLa cells and cblG patient fibroblasts.
- limitations
- Fig. 2A reports folate-species percentages, not absolute amounts; one disease/control cell-line comparison.
- nutrient_topic
- Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
- organism
- Homo sapiens
- plain_language
- Genetic MTR loss shifted the measured folate mixture toward methylfolate.
- primary_references
- [palmer-2017] Folate rescues vitamin B12 depletion-induced inhibition of nuclear thymidylate biosynthesis and genome instability (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28461497/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619582114
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Patient fibroblasts
- trigger_kind
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 555–564
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · N2O-treated HeLa cells and cblG patient fibroblasts. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### folate-methyl-cblg-methyl-trap The fraction of measured intracellular folate present as 5-methyl-THF was 2.5-fold higher in cblG WG4215 fibroblasts than in control MCH058 fibroblasts. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Genetic MTR loss shifted the measured folate mixture toward methylfolate. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Patient fibroblasts experimental_model: N2O-treated HeLa cells and cblG patient fibroblasts. limitations: Fig. 2A reports folate-species percentages, not absolute amounts; one disease/control cell-line comparison. [palmer-2017] Folate rescues vitamin B12 depletion-induced inhibition of nuclear thymidylate biosynthesis and genome instability (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28461497/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619582114
Complete structured claim and evidenceMTR knockout in tumour cells using physiological extracellular folates caused trapping and limited assimilation into other folate forms.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
- cross_nutrient
- Methylfolate does not remove the B12-dependent MTR requirement.
- evidence_location
- Ghergurovich 2021 Fig. 3A; physiological folate experiments Fig. 2 and Extended Data Fig. 2.
- experimental_model
- Isotope tracing in tumour cells, mouse tissues and xenografts.
- exposure
- CRISPR MTR deletion; folic acid or 5-methyl-THF medium; physiological folate-mixture experiments
- limitations
- Nutrient environment matters.
- nutrient_topic
- Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
- organism
- Homo sapiens
- plain_language
- Methylfolate still needs MTR for reuse.
- primary_references
- [ghergurovich-2021] Methionine synthase supports tumour tetrahydrofolate pools (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34799699/ DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00465-w
- tissue_or_cell_type
- HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells (folate profiling)
- trigger_kind
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 517–529
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Isotope tracing in tumour cells, mouse tissues and xenografts. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### folate-methyl-mtr-ko-trap MTR knockout in tumour cells using physiological extracellular folates caused trapping and limited assimilation into other folate forms. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Methylfolate still needs MTR for reuse. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells (folate profiling) experimental_model: Isotope tracing in tumour cells, mouse tissues and xenografts. limitations: Nutrient environment matters. cross_nutrient: Methylfolate does not remove the B12-dependent MTR requirement. exposure: CRISPR MTR deletion; folic acid or 5-methyl-THF medium; physiological folate-mixture experiments evidence_location: Ghergurovich 2021 Fig. 3A; physiological folate experiments Fig. 2 and Extended Data Fig. 2. [ghergurovich-2021] Methionine synthase supports tumour tetrahydrofolate pools (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34799699/ DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00465-w
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.