Protein synthesis during mouse T-cell activation: molecular mechanisms & dependencies

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

Uniformly carbon-13/nitrogen-15-labeled alanine supplied over half of protein-derived alanine by 24 hours after mouse T-cell activation, exclusively as intact m+4 label.
L-Alanine → Protein synthesis during mouse T-cell activation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_access
Primary full text
experimental_model
Mouse T-cell activation; isotope tracing and protein hydrolysis.
limitations
No detected transamination in this setting does not exclude alanine catabolism in other cell states or species.
nutrient_topic
L-Alanine collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit. · L-Alanine
plain_language
The imported amino acid went directly into proteins rather than first being broken apart.
primary_references
T Cell Activation Depends on Extracellular Alanine. · 2019 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31533027/ · DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.034
L-Alanine: carbon, nitrogen, protein synthesis and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19) · lines 96–102
AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Mouse T-cell activation; isotope tracing and protein hydrolysis. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## alanine-t-cell-intact-label The imported amino acid went directly into proteins rather than first being broken apart. Uniformly carbon-13/nitrogen-15-labeled alanine supplied over half of protein-derived alanine by 24 hours after mouse T-cell activation, exclusively as intact m+4 label. Model: Mouse T-cell activation; isotope tracing and protein hydrolysis. Limitations: No detected transamination in this setting does not exclude alanine catabolism in other cell states or species. Evidence access: Primary full text T Cell Activation Depends on Extracellular Alanine. · 2019 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31533027/ · DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.034
Complete structured claim and evidence
Alanine supplementation restored puromycin-measured active translation reduced in activated mouse T cells cultured with dialyzed serum.
L-Alanine → Protein synthesis during mouse T-cell activation source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
availability_state
nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
evidence_access
Primary full text
experimental_model
Primary mouse naive CD4/CD8 cells activated ex vivo; dialyzed-serum medium with alanine add-back.
limitations
Dialysis removes multiple small nutrients; alanine rescue supports its contribution. This does not establish a human dietary deficiency or immune-boosting dose.
nutrient_topic
L-Alanine collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit. · L-Alanine
plain_language
Insufficient available alanine can slow protein production.
primary_references
T Cell Activation Depends on Extracellular Alanine. · 2019 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31533027/ · DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.034
trigger_kind
nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
L-Alanine: carbon, nitrogen, protein synthesis and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19) · lines 104–110
AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Primary mouse naive CD4/CD8 cells activated ex vivo; dialyzed-serum medium with alanine add-back. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## alanine-t-cell-translation Insufficient available alanine can slow protein production. Alanine supplementation restored puromycin-measured active translation reduced in activated mouse T cells cultured with dialyzed serum. Model: Primary mouse naive CD4/CD8 cells activated ex vivo; dialyzed-serum medium with alanine add-back. Limitations: Dialysis removes multiple small nutrients; alanine rescue supports its contribution. This does not establish a human dietary deficiency or immune-boosting dose. Evidence access: Primary full text T Cell Activation Depends on Extracellular Alanine. · 2019 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31533027/ · DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.034
Complete structured claim and evidence

The events it takes part in

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Situations it appears in

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In the sources

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Open hypotheses

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This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

Protein synthesis during mouse T-cell activation