Component
Mouse thermogenesis and mitochondrial adaptation after butyrate
Context-specific entity; species, compartment and exposure are stated on each claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Feeding sodium butyrate at 5% of a high-fat diet increased thermogenesis and mitochondrial adaptation in mouse muscle and brown fat, with increased PGC-1alpha expression and insulin sensitivity.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_access
- Primary abstract
- experimental_model
- High-fat-fed C57BL/6J mice.
- limitations
- Five percent of diet is not a human supplement dose; this study did not observe reduced food intake.
- nutrient_topic
- Butyrate collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit. · Butyrate
- plain_language
- A high dietary exposure changed energy expenditure in mice.
- primary_references
- Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice. · 2009 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19366864/ · DOI 10.2337/db08-1637
Butyrate: microbial production, fuel use, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19) · lines 550–556
AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · High-fat-fed C57BL/6J mice. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## butyrate-mouse-thermogenesis A high dietary exposure changed energy expenditure in mice. Feeding sodium butyrate at 5% of a high-fat diet increased thermogenesis and mitochondrial adaptation in mouse muscle and brown fat, with increased PGC-1alpha expression and insulin sensitivity. Model: High-fat-fed C57BL/6J mice. Limitations: Five percent of diet is not a human supplement dose; this study did not observe reduced food intake. Evidence access: Primary abstract Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice. · 2009 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19366864/ · DOI 10.2337/db08-1637
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.