Component
Human plasma saquinavir trough concentration
Human plasma saquinavir trough concentration. Interpret through the linked study species, preparation, exposure and measured endpoint.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
The garlic-caplet regimen lowered the reported saquinavir trough by approximately 49% versus baseline.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_access
- Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, exact concentrations or species-specific attribution remain unextracted unless explicitly stated in the abstract or separately verified publisher text.
- experimental_condition
- Saquinavir before garlic supplementation administered · Saquinavir Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.
- experimental_condition
- Saquinavir before garlic supplementation administered · Garlic caplets in the saquinavir interaction study Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.
- experimental_contrast
- {"intervention": "Saquinavir during tested garlic regimen", "comparator": "Saquinavir before garlic supplementation", "endpoint": "The garlic-caplet regimen lowered the reported saquinavir trough by approximately 49% versus baseline.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "combination": "joint", "conditions": [{"entity_slug": "saquinavir", "state": "administered"}, {"entity_slug": "garlic-caplets-piscitelli-2002", "state": "administered"}]} Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.
- experimental_model
- Ten healthy volunteers; sequential saquinavir pharmacokinetic measurements before and during garlic supplementation.
- interpretation_status
- Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
- limitations
- CYP3A4/P-glycoprotein mechanism not established; no class-wide 51% interaction assigned to all garlic or all substrates.
- plain_language
- The garlic-caplet regimen lowered the reported saquinavir trough by approximately 49% versus baseline.
- primary_references
- The effect of garlic supplements on the pharmacokinetics of saquinavir. | 2002 | DOI 10.1086/324351 | PMID 11740713 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11740713/ | https://doi.org/10.1086/324351
- source_locator
- Reviewed reference lines 101-101; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.
Allicin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 5 October 2026) · lines 101–101
Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · Ten healthy volunteers; sequential saquinavir pharmacokinetic measurements before and during garlic supplementation. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
**Saquinavir exposure.** In ten healthy volunteers, a garlic-supplement regimen reduced saquinavir AUC by about 51%, trough concentration by 49%, and peak concentration by 54%. After washout, values had not fully returned to baseline. This is a measured pharmacokinetic interaction with that preparation; combined CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein induction was not established as its causal mechanism. The magnitude should not be assigned to all garlic foods, purified allicin, or every CYP3A4 substrate. [Piscitelli 2002](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11740713/)
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.