Component
Human fructose malabsorption assessed by hydrogen breath testing
Species, exposure, manipulation and evidence limits are specified on each linked claim.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Fructose alone exceeded measured absorption capacity at different doses across the ten healthy volunteers.
Experimental context and source evidence
- dose
- 50 g fructose alone or with 12.5, 25 or 50 g glucose; 10% fructose solutions
- duration
- Breath sampling over 3-4 h
- evidence_access
- Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.
- evidence_scope
- literature_reviewed; source-specific curation
- experimental_model
- Ten healthy adult volunteers
- exposure_scope
- Component sugar mixtures, not a commercial HFCS product
- limitations
- Small physiological study; breath hydrogen is an indirect absorption readout and symptoms were mild or absent. No specific transporter mechanism was proven by adding glucose.
- nutrient_topic
- HFCS chapter: actual formulation studies, component biochemistry and interventions are explicitly distinguished. · High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS
- organism
- Ten healthy adult volunteers
- plain_language
- Fructose alone exceeded measured absorption capacity at different doses across the ten healthy volunteers.
- primary_references
- Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. (1986). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3781328/ DOI: 10.1136/gut.27.10.1161
- route
- Oral sugar challenges
- tissue
- Hydrogen breath tests
High-Fructose Corn Syrup: mechanism of action and metabolic impact (2026-09-20) · lines 89–99
Original AI-assisted curation of twenty primary studies and official FDA composition information, with one reused canonical glucose-transport claim. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Ten healthy adult volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## hfcs-fructose-malabsorption Fructose alone exceeded measured absorption capacity at different doses across the ten healthy volunteers. Model/species: Ten healthy adult volunteers Tissue: Hydrogen breath tests Exposure: 50 g fructose alone or with 12.5, 25 or 50 g glucose; 10% fructose solutions Route: Oral sugar challenges Duration: Breath sampling over 3-4 h Exposure scope: Component sugar mixtures, not a commercial HFCS product Limits: Small physiological study; breath hydrogen is an indirect absorption readout and symptoms were mild or absent. No specific transporter mechanism was proven by adding glucose. Reference: Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. (1986). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3781328/ DOI: 10.1136/gut.27.10.1161 Access: Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.
Complete structured claim and evidenceAdding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.
Experimental context and source evidence
- dose
- 50 g fructose alone or with 12.5, 25 or 50 g glucose; 10% fructose solutions
- duration
- Breath sampling over 3-4 h
- evidence_access
- Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.
- evidence_scope
- literature_reviewed; source-specific curation
- experimental_model
- Ten healthy adult volunteers
- exposure_scope
- Component sugar mixtures, not a commercial HFCS product
- limitations
- Small physiological study; breath hydrogen is an indirect absorption readout and symptoms were mild or absent. No specific transporter mechanism was proven by adding glucose.
- nutrient_topic
- HFCS chapter: actual formulation studies, component biochemistry and interventions are explicitly distinguished. · High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS
- organism
- Ten healthy adult volunteers
- plain_language
- Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.
- primary_references
- Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. (1986). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3781328/ DOI: 10.1136/gut.27.10.1161
- route
- Oral sugar challenges
- tissue
- Hydrogen breath tests
High-Fructose Corn Syrup: mechanism of action and metabolic impact (2026-09-20) · lines 77–87
Original AI-assisted curation of twenty primary studies and official FDA composition information, with one reused canonical glucose-transport claim. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Ten healthy adult volunteers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## hfcs-glucose-absorption Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone. Model/species: Ten healthy adult volunteers Tissue: Hydrogen breath tests Exposure: 50 g fructose alone or with 12.5, 25 or 50 g glucose; 10% fructose solutions Route: Oral sugar challenges Duration: Breath sampling over 3-4 h Exposure scope: Component sugar mixtures, not a commercial HFCS product Limits: Small physiological study; breath hydrogen is an indirect absorption readout and symptoms were mild or absent. No specific transporter mechanism was proven by adding glucose. Reference: Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. (1986). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3781328/ DOI: 10.1136/gut.27.10.1161 Access: Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.