{"id":"5ed5e714-d781-558b-baf3-f4568aff9952","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-glucose-absorption","predicate":"reduces_fructose_malabsorption","statement":"Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"4d084095-f812-58aa-bec6-b694d941b1b3","mechanism_event_label":"Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.","subject":{"id":"8ae7848b-f172-5e09-8acf-5ca914907b0b","slug":"glucose","display_name":"D-glucose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"d1b62279-f4d3-58c0-b75c-85e5666e57c0","slug":"human-fructose-breath-test-malabsorption","display_name":"Human fructose malabsorption assessed by hydrogen breath testing","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"4d084095-f812-58aa-bec6-b694d941b1b3","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-glucose-absorption-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.","description":"Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"8ae7848b-f172-5e09-8acf-5ca914907b0b","slug":"glucose","display_name":"D-glucose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"d1b62279-f4d3-58c0-b75c-85e5666e57c0","slug":"human-fructose-breath-test-malabsorption","display_name":"Human fructose malabsorption assessed by hydrogen breath testing","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"3c379840-5688-5b5d-84c0-5950b4fd8f17","slug":"fructose","display_name":"Fructose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"50 g fructose alone or with 12.5, 25 or 50 g glucose; 10% fructose solutions","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Breath sampling over 3-4 h","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-specific curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Ten healthy adult volunteers","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure_scope","value_text":"Component sugar mixtures, not a commercial HFCS product","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Small physiological study; breath hydrogen is an indirect absorption readout and symptoms were mild or absent. No specific transporter mechanism was proven by adding glucose.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"HFCS chapter: actual formulation studies, component biochemistry and interventions are explicitly distinguished.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"high-fructose-corn-syrup","display_name":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Ten healthy adult volunteers","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Adding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. (1986). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3781328/ DOI: 10.1136/gut.27.10.1161","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral sugar challenges","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Hydrogen breath tests","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"30b71fc6-5fd2-593e-86cf-efe81eabc4fe","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 77-87","start_line":77,"end_line":87,"excerpt":"## hfcs-glucose-absorption\nAdding 50 g glucose to 50 g fructose eliminated detectable breath-test malabsorption in all ten volunteers, compared with eight positive tests after fructose alone.\nModel/species: Ten healthy adult volunteers\nTissue: Hydrogen breath tests\nExposure: 50 g fructose alone or with 12.5, 25 or 50 g glucose; 10% fructose solutions\nRoute: Oral sugar challenges\nDuration: Breath sampling over 3-4 h\nExposure scope: Component sugar mixtures, not a commercial HFCS product\nLimits: Small physiological study; breath hydrogen is an indirect absorption readout and symptoms were mild or absent. No specific transporter mechanism was proven by adding glucose.\nReference: Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. (1986). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3781328/ DOI: 10.1136/gut.27.10.1161\nAccess: Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.","model_system":"Ten healthy adult volunteers","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span, not a publisher quotation; provenance retained.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"e863ddf6-7c1e-5a70-8335-7f3ac3eeee92","stable_key":"import-c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736","title":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup: mechanism of action and metabolic impact (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twenty primary studies and official FDA composition information, with one reused canonical glucose-transport claim. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"f4721923a83b368d549ba110a4f8c8738026210b32f6d29f3bd3200aa420f3b3","revision_id":"45827d73-cb6d-5aff-969b-af364b74b168","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}