Component
Human dietary macronutrient calorie proportions
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Modafinil did not selectively change the carbohydrate, fat and protein proportions of consumed calories in the short human food-intake study.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_access
- Primary indexed abstract checked; full methods and figures not comprehensively reviewed.
- experimental_contrast
- {"intervention": "200 or 400 mg modafinil", "comparator": "Placebo", "endpoint": "Modafinil did not selectively change the carbohydrate, fat and protein proportions of consumed calories in the short human food-intake study.", "effect_direction": "no_detected_change", "combination": "single", "conditions": []} Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.
- experimental_model
- Eleven human volunteers; macronutrient proportions distinct from absolute energy intake.
- interpretation_status
- Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.
- limitations
- Interpret only within the recorded preparation, exposure and comparator. The complete source passage retains qualifications; unspecified doses/timing have not been extracted here. No clinical efficacy, nutrient deficiency or unique molecular mediation is inferred.
- plain_language
- Modafinil did not selectively change the carbohydrate, fat and protein proportions of consumed calories in the short human food-intake study.
- primary_references
- Modafinil decreases food intake in humans subjected to simulated shift work. | 2008 | DOI 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.05.018 | PMID 18573275 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18573275/
- source_locator
- Reviewed reference lines 106-106; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.
Modafinil: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 3 October 2026) · lines 106–106
Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication. · supports · Eleven human volunteers; macronutrient proportions distinct from absolute energy intake. · Recorded from source · Recorded from source
In a double-blind simulated-shift-work study of **11 volunteers**, secondary analysis found approximately **18% and 38% lower caloric intake** with 200 and 400 mg modafinil, respectively. The proportions of calories from carbohydrate, fat and protein did not selectively change. Hunger ratings changed only at particular assessments; reduced intake remained across three exposure days. This supports an intake effect under those conditions, not demonstrated vitamin/mineral deficiency or a long-term weight-loss outcome. [Human food-intake study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18573275/)
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.