Component
Sulfasalazine permeability through human Caco-2 monolayers
Experimental model, exposure and limitations remain on each linked record.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.
Experimental context and source evidence
- dose
- Tartrazine 200 micromolar apically with sulfasalazine 500 micromolar; Ko-143 comparator
- duration
- Samples at 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min
- evidence_access
- Primary full-text methods/results and metadata.
- evidence_scope
- literature_reviewed; source-specific experimental curation
- experimental_model
- Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers
- limitations
- Cell-monolayer null result is not a clinical drug-interaction trial; transporter accessibility can differ from inside-out vesicles. Bilateral addition also had a limited effect, at most twofold.
- nutrient_topic
- Tartrazine food-colorant chapter; nutrient, drug and peptide interactions retain their models and limits. · Tartrazine
- organism
- Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers
- plain_language
- Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.
- primary_references
- Food Additives Inhibit Intestinal Drug Transporters but Have Limited Effect on In Vitro Drug Permeability. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40773056/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c00705
- route
- In vitro apical addition
- tissue
- Transepithelial drug transport
Tartrazine: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 248–257
Original AI-assisted curation of eighteen primary studies. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## tartrazine-sulfasalazine-null Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers. Model/species: Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers Tissue: Transepithelial drug transport Exposure: Tartrazine 200 micromolar apically with sulfasalazine 500 micromolar; Ko-143 comparator Route: In vitro apical addition Duration: Samples at 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min Limits: Cell-monolayer null result is not a clinical drug-interaction trial; transporter accessibility can differ from inside-out vesicles. Bilateral addition also had a limited effect, at most twofold. Primary reference: Food Additives Inhibit Intestinal Drug Transporters but Have Limited Effect on In Vitro Drug Permeability. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40773056/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c00705 Access: Primary full-text methods/results and metadata.
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.