{"id":"9b208136-7278-584f-8779-57b3292317aa","stable_key":"792249b7-a38d-5f43-afb6-2936818a3fa2:tartrazine-sulfasalazine-null","predicate":"no_detected_change","statement":"Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"22a10f4c-7bc8-5c49-9e3b-a2e0e58fbe8f","mechanism_event_label":"Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.","subject":{"id":"135b5f4d-0c59-5359-a645-39796e820d42","slug":"tartrazine","display_name":"Tartrazine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"85b72425-d900-5a92-8d12-39f7ee5f96c9","slug":"human-caco2-sulfasalazine-permeability","display_name":"Sulfasalazine permeability through human Caco-2 monolayers","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"22a10f4c-7bc8-5c49-9e3b-a2e0e58fbe8f","stable_key":"792249b7-a38d-5f43-afb6-2936818a3fa2:tartrazine-sulfasalazine-null-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.","description":"Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"135b5f4d-0c59-5359-a645-39796e820d42","slug":"tartrazine","display_name":"Tartrazine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"85b72425-d900-5a92-8d12-39f7ee5f96c9","slug":"human-caco2-sulfasalazine-permeability","display_name":"Sulfasalazine permeability through human Caco-2 monolayers","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"a5eafc6b-a85d-555d-9a24-13748e96218f","slug":"sulfasalazine","display_name":"Sulfasalazine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"a52e10c2-fd56-564b-8c05-27e9fce27cd6","slug":"abcg2","display_name":"Human ABCG2 / breast cancer resistance protein","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Tartrazine 200 micromolar apically with sulfasalazine 500 micromolar; Ko-143 comparator","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Samples at 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full-text methods/results and metadata.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-specific experimental curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Cell-monolayer null result is not a clinical drug-interaction trial; transporter accessibility can differ from inside-out vesicles. Bilateral addition also had a limited effect, at most twofold.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Tartrazine food-colorant chapter; nutrient, drug and peptide interactions retain their models and limits.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"tartrazine","display_name":"Tartrazine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Apically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Food Additives Inhibit Intestinal Drug Transporters but Have Limited Effect on In Vitro Drug Permeability. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40773056/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c00705","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"In vitro apical addition","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Transepithelial drug transport","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"bc56c2f4-f7e7-52db-a4f8-5d847500027b","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 248-257","start_line":248,"end_line":257,"excerpt":"## tartrazine-sulfasalazine-null\nApically applied tartrazine did not change sulfasalazine permeability through Caco-2 monolayers.\nModel/species: Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers\nTissue: Transepithelial drug transport\nExposure: Tartrazine 200 micromolar apically with sulfasalazine 500 micromolar; Ko-143 comparator\nRoute: In vitro apical addition\nDuration: Samples at 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min\nLimits: Cell-monolayer null result is not a clinical drug-interaction trial; transporter accessibility can differ from inside-out vesicles. Bilateral addition also had a limited effect, at most twofold.\nPrimary reference: Food Additives Inhibit Intestinal Drug Transporters but Have Limited Effect on In Vitro Drug Permeability. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40773056/ DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c00705\nAccess: Primary full-text methods/results and metadata.","model_system":"Human Caco-2 intestinal monolayers","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span, not a publisher quotation; primary citation retained.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"d9540941-68b4-5a0d-a5c1-828665a918e2","stable_key":"import-792249b7-a38d-5f43-afb6-2936818a3fa2","title":"Tartrazine: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of eighteen primary studies. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. 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