Component
Human cytosolic FPGS isoform
Human cytosolic FPGS isoform; species and subcellular isoforms retained separately.
3 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What it acts on
Human cytosolic FPGS reconstitution supported persistent folate pools in AUXB1 cells; labeled folate loss was not measurable over three cell generations.
Experimental context and source evidence
- experimental_model
- Human FPGS isoforms in Chinese hamster AUXB1 cells
- exposure
- Doxycycline-induced cytosolic FPGS and tracer chase
- limitations
- Non-detection applies to the tested cell model and observation window.
- nutrient_topic
- Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
- organism
- Human enzyme in Cricetulus griseus cells
- plain_language
- Cytosolic tail-building helped keep folate inside cells.
- primary_references
- [lawrence2014] Mammalian mitochondrial and cytosolic folylpolyglutamate synthetase maintain the subcellular compartmentalization of folates (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25164808/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593244
- tissue_or_cell_type
- AUXB1 cells
Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 279–289
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human FPGS isoforms in Chinese hamster AUXB1 cells · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### folate-fpgs-cytosolic-trapping Human cytosolic FPGS reconstitution supported persistent folate pools in AUXB1 cells; labeled folate loss was not measurable over three cell generations. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Cytosolic tail-building helped keep folate inside cells. organism: Human enzyme in Cricetulus griseus cells tissue_or_cell_type: AUXB1 cells experimental_model: Human FPGS isoforms in Chinese hamster AUXB1 cells limitations: Non-detection applies to the tested cell model and observation window. exposure: Doxycycline-induced cytosolic FPGS and tracer chase [lawrence2014] Mammalian mitochondrial and cytosolic folylpolyglutamate synthetase maintain the subcellular compartmentalization of folates (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25164808/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593244
Complete structured claim and evidenceDihydrofolate was also an effective substrate for purified human cytosolic FPGS.
Experimental context and source evidence
- experimental_model
- Purified human cytosolic FPGS expressed in bacteria
- exposure
- Comparative substrate enzyme assays
- limitations
- Does not establish net DHF pool size in human tissues.
- nutrient_topic
- Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
- organism
- Homo sapiens protein expressed in Escherichia coli
- plain_language
- Polyglutamate tails can be attached before DHF is reduced.
- primary_references
- [chen1996] Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8662720/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.22.13077
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Purified enzyme
Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 267–277
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified human cytosolic FPGS expressed in bacteria · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### folate-fpgs-dhf-substrate Dihydrofolate was also an effective substrate for purified human cytosolic FPGS. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Polyglutamate tails can be attached before DHF is reduced. organism: Homo sapiens protein expressed in Escherichia coli tissue_or_cell_type: Purified enzyme experimental_model: Purified human cytosolic FPGS expressed in bacteria limitations: Does not establish net DHF pool size in human tissues. exposure: Comparative substrate enzyme assays [chen1996] Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8662720/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.22.13077
Complete structured claim and evidencePurified human cytosolic FPGS used tetrahydrofolate as an effective substrate for polyglutamate synthesis.
Experimental context and source evidence
- experimental_model
- Purified human cytosolic FPGS expressed in bacteria
- exposure
- Comparative substrate enzyme assays
- limitations
- Purified substrate preference does not quantify intact-cell flux.
- nutrient_topic
- Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Folate (vitamin B9)
- organism
- Homo sapiens protein expressed in Escherichia coli
- plain_language
- FPGS adds tails that help retain usable folate.
- primary_references
- [chen1996] Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8662720/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.22.13077
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Purified enzyme
Folate and folic acid: mechanisms, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 255–265
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Purified human cytosolic FPGS expressed in bacteria · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### folate-fpgs-thf-substrate Purified human cytosolic FPGS used tetrahydrofolate as an effective substrate for polyglutamate synthesis. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Folate and folic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: FPGS adds tails that help retain usable folate. organism: Homo sapiens protein expressed in Escherichia coli tissue_or_cell_type: Purified enzyme experimental_model: Purified human cytosolic FPGS expressed in bacteria limitations: Purified substrate preference does not quantify intact-cell flux. exposure: Comparative substrate enzyme assays [chen1996] Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8662720/ DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.22.13077
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.