Component
Cytochrome P450 26A1 / CYP26A1
Independent protein identity; organism and experimental state are specified on individual claims.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What it acts on
Recombinant human CYP26A1 hydroxylated all-trans-retinoic acid to 4-hydroxy-retinoic acid.
Experimental context and source evidence
- cross_nutrient
- NADPH and heme-containing P450 machinery support retinoid oxidation; nutritional deficiency was not tested.
- evidence_location
- Abstract
- experimental_model
- Human CYP26A1/CYP26B1 expressed in insect cells; purified/reconstituted metabolism and tissue assays.
- exposure
- All-trans-retinoic-acid concentration series with P450 reductase and NADPH.
- limitations
- Assay kinetics are not whole-body clearance; hydroxylated products are not assumed biologically inert.
- nutrient_topic
- Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin A
- organism
- Homo sapiens recombinant protein in insect cells
- outcome
- Recombinant human CYP26A1 hydroxylated all-trans-retinoic acid to 4-hydroxy-retinoic acid.
- plain_language
- This P450 begins oxidative removal of the signaling retinoid.
- primary_references
- [va-topletz-2012] Comparison of the function and expression of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1, the two retinoic acid hydroxylases (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22020119/ DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.10.007
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Reconstituted enzyme/microsomes
Vitamin A: forms, mechanisms, deficiency and excess (2026-09-17) · lines 601–614
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human CYP26A1/CYP26B1 expressed in insect cells; purified/reconstituted metabolism and tissue assays. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### va-cyp26a1-primary-hydroxylation Recombinant human CYP26A1 hydroxylated all-trans-retinoic acid to 4-hydroxy-retinoic acid. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: This P450 begins oxidative removal of the signaling retinoid. organism: Homo sapiens recombinant protein in insect cells tissue_or_cell_type: Reconstituted enzyme/microsomes experimental_model: Human CYP26A1/CYP26B1 expressed in insect cells; purified/reconstituted metabolism and tissue assays. limitations: Assay kinetics are not whole-body clearance; hydroxylated products are not assumed biologically inert. exposure: All-trans-retinoic-acid concentration series with P450 reductase and NADPH. outcome: Recombinant human CYP26A1 hydroxylated all-trans-retinoic acid to 4-hydroxy-retinoic acid. evidence_location: Abstract cross_nutrient: NADPH and heme-containing P450 machinery support retinoid oxidation; nutritional deficiency was not tested. [va-topletz-2012] Comparison of the function and expression of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1, the two retinoic acid hydroxylases (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22020119/ DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.10.007
Complete structured claim and evidenceCYP26A1 further metabolized 4-hydroxy-all-trans-retinoic acid.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_location
- Abstract
- experimental_model
- Human CYP26A1/CYP26B1 expressed in insect cells; purified/reconstituted metabolism and tissue assays.
- exposure
- Incubation with 4-hydroxy-all-trans-retinoic acid.
- limitations
- This assay does not assign every downstream metabolite a structure or biological inactivity.
- nutrient_topic
- Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin A
- organism
- Homo sapiens recombinant protein
- outcome
- CYP26A1 further metabolized 4-hydroxy-all-trans-retinoic acid.
- plain_language
- Oxidation continues beyond the first hydroxylated product.
- primary_references
- [va-topletz-2012] Comparison of the function and expression of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1, the two retinoic acid hydroxylases (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22020119/ DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.10.007
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Reconstituted enzyme
Vitamin A: forms, mechanisms, deficiency and excess (2026-09-17) · lines 630–642
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human CYP26A1/CYP26B1 expressed in insect cells; purified/reconstituted metabolism and tissue assays. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### va-cyp26a1-secondary-metabolism CYP26A1 further metabolized 4-hydroxy-all-trans-retinoic acid. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin A research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Oxidation continues beyond the first hydroxylated product. organism: Homo sapiens recombinant protein tissue_or_cell_type: Reconstituted enzyme experimental_model: Human CYP26A1/CYP26B1 expressed in insect cells; purified/reconstituted metabolism and tissue assays. limitations: This assay does not assign every downstream metabolite a structure or biological inactivity. exposure: Incubation with 4-hydroxy-all-trans-retinoic acid. outcome: CYP26A1 further metabolized 4-hydroxy-all-trans-retinoic acid. evidence_location: Abstract [va-topletz-2012] Comparison of the function and expression of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1, the two retinoic acid hydroxylases (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22020119/ DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.10.007
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.