Gamma-carboxylated matrix Gla protein: molecular mechanisms & dependencies

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What it acts on

MGP Gla residues and Pro64 contributed to BMP4 binding and inhibition; only BMP4-binding-competent variants prevented osteogenic differentiation and calcification.
Gamma-carboxylated matrix Gla protein → Human bone morphogenetic protein 4 / BMP4 source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/k2-research/18369157.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "34c7571f9f3a564647e458dc072113e807c277eaf5f542d6f3ab2e45f71ea5a4", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1696, "text_sha256": "34c7571f9f3a564647e458dc072113e807c277eaf5f542d6f3ab2e45f71ea5a4"}
experimental_model
Site-directed mutants, calcium assays and BMP reporters
exposure
Gla and Pro64 alterations, calcium chelation and warfarin
limitations
Binding and calcification in experimental systems; systemic calcium should not be equated with a single binding-site measurement.
nutrient_topic
Vitamin K2 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin K2 / menaquinone family
organism
MGP expression systems and calcifying vascular cells
plain_language
A calcium-binding protein also controls a signal that can change cell behavior.
primary_references
[k2-p18369157] Proline and gamma-carboxylated glutamate residues in matrix Gla protein are critical for binding of bone morphogenetic protein-4. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18369157/ DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.166124
tissue_or_cell_type
Calcium/BMP binding and differentiation
Vitamin K2: menaquinone forms, carboxylation, recycling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 552–563
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Site-directed mutants, calcium assays and BMP reporters · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### k2-mgp-bmp4 MGP Gla residues and Pro64 contributed to BMP4 binding and inhibition; only BMP4-binding-competent variants prevented osteogenic differentiation and calcification. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin K2 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A calcium-binding protein also controls a signal that can change cell behavior. organism: MGP expression systems and calcifying vascular cells tissue_or_cell_type: Calcium/BMP binding and differentiation experimental_model: Site-directed mutants, calcium assays and BMP reporters limitations: Binding and calcification in experimental systems; systemic calcium should not be equated with a single binding-site measurement. exposure: Gla and Pro64 alterations, calcium chelation and warfarin evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/k2-research/18369157.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "34c7571f9f3a564647e458dc072113e807c277eaf5f542d6f3ab2e45f71ea5a4", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1696, "text_sha256": "34c7571f9f3a564647e458dc072113e807c277eaf5f542d6f3ab2e45f71ea5a4"} [k2-p18369157] Proline and gamma-carboxylated glutamate residues in matrix Gla protein are critical for binding of bone morphogenetic protein-4. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18369157/ DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.166124
Complete structured claim and evidence
Full-length MGP and its gamma-carboxylated domain inhibited calcium deposition in the tested vascular-cell model.
Gamma-carboxylated matrix Gla protein → Vascular smooth muscle cell matrix calcification source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/k2-research/17848178.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "d2d79c43cc8142d6dc8f1eab4ac99b05ceb01e50e5afb41f5ca75aec732cba27", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1745, "text_sha256": "d2d79c43cc8142d6dc8f1eab4ac99b05ceb01e50e5afb41f5ca75aec732cba27"}
experimental_model
Human vascular-cell calcification and synthetic-peptide assays
exposure
Elevated calcium, warfarin, K1 and modified MGP peptides
limitations
Vitamin K1 intervention in cells; K2-specific efficacy and human arterial reversal were not tested.
nutrient_topic
Vitamin K2 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Vitamin K2 / menaquinone family
organism
Human vascular smooth muscle cells
plain_language
One vitamin K-dependent protein modification contributes to local control of mineral deposition.
primary_references
[k2-p17848178] Post-translational modifications regulate matrix Gla protein function: importance for inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17848178/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02758.x
tissue_or_cell_type
Extracellular matrix and vesicle-like surfaces
Vitamin K2: menaquinone forms, carboxylation, recycling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 513–524
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human vascular-cell calcification and synthetic-peptide assays · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### k2-mgp-gla Full-length MGP and its gamma-carboxylated domain inhibited calcium deposition in the tested vascular-cell model. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Vitamin K2 research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: One vitamin K-dependent protein modification contributes to local control of mineral deposition. organism: Human vascular smooth muscle cells tissue_or_cell_type: Extracellular matrix and vesicle-like surfaces experimental_model: Human vascular-cell calcification and synthetic-peptide assays limitations: Vitamin K1 intervention in cells; K2-specific efficacy and human arterial reversal were not tested. exposure: Elevated calcium, warfarin, K1 and modified MGP peptides evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/k2-research/17848178.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "d2d79c43cc8142d6dc8f1eab4ac99b05ceb01e50e5afb41f5ca75aec732cba27", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1745, "text_sha256": "d2d79c43cc8142d6dc8f1eab4ac99b05ceb01e50e5afb41f5ca75aec732cba27"} [k2-p17848178] Post-translational modifications regulate matrix Gla protein function: importance for inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17848178/ DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02758.x
Complete structured claim and evidence

The events it takes part in

A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.

Situations it appears in

Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

Open hypotheses

Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.

This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

Gamma-carboxylated matrix Gla protein